Publishing House SB RAS:

Publishing House SB RAS:

Address of the Publishing House SB RAS:
Morskoy pr. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia



Advanced Search

Professional Education in the Modern World

2018 year, number 2

1.
EDITOR'S INTRO




2.
SPECIAL MANAGEMENT OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION IN THE MODERN TIMES

T.A. Artashkina
Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Keywords: государственная образовательная политика, кризис образования, цели образования, модернизация образования, информатизация, шестой технологический уклад, образовательное пространство, рейтинг вузов, state education policy, education crisis, aims of education, modernization of education, informatization, 6 technological mode, educational space, university ranks

Abstract >>
The paper aims at exploring special management of education in Russia in the current period. Methods and methodology of research are based on complex study, comparative analysis of different sources and studying concrete empirical data. The author analyses the historical period of foundation and formation of state policy in Russia since 1990-s up to the present time. Special management of education in Russia is determined by internal and external factors. The internal factors include the breach in Soviet system of education in 1990-s , transfer to market relations and education crisis which began in the Soviet period. The external factors include culture transformation, globalization and development of market relations. The weakest aspect in management of education in Russia is considered to be the aim of education. Since 2000-s the author observes strengthening of requirements to professional training. Otherwise, underestimation of solving the problem of personal formation can result in the crisis in moral sphere. This can lead to the breach in education and culture. Russia has been big, plural and mixed country. The country faces the necessity to be included into the list of the countries with the sixth technological mode; it requires the rapid modernization of education. This kind of modernization should use the all types of scenarios, which are adapted to concrete conditions of the regions of Russia. The Ministry of Education and Science of Russia has chosen the strategy of local measures and precision financial support. At the same time precision financial support does not lead to global modernization of education in Russia. The problem of financial support of national education is very urgent and significant. This is government of the country only which can support Russia being included into the list of countries with the 6th technological mode as it has huge financial resources. The political and economic problems of Russia and its transition to the countries with the 6th technological mode are interrelated.



3.
MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS PHILOSOPHICAL EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN HIGH SCHOOLS FROM POSITIONS OF D. ZILBERMAN’S MODAL METHODOLOGY

S.P. Kushnarenko
Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: управление, образование, знание, личность, методология, интерпретация, management, education, knowledge, the person, methodology, interpretation

Abstract >>
In article the problem of conformity of a way of management is authorised to specificity of operated object on an education example in general and philosophical education in high school in particular. A problem source - a divergence of the purposes of the manager in a sphere of education and the education. From here there is an aspiration of the manager to minimisation of efforts and to a support for a convenient way of the control and the report. It leads to an exception of personal aspect of knowledge and to education data to training. The problem decision: allocation on the basis of D.Zilbermana's modal methodology of projective and personal aspects in any knowledge.



4.
METHODOLOGIKAL ASPECTS DEVELOPMENT OF DPO IN THE CONDITIONS OF POST-INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY

V. G. Shafirov1, O. E. Lomakin1, A. V. Tebekin2
1The Russian academy of staffing of agro-industrial complex, Moscow, Russian Federation
2Moscow State Institute of International Relations MFA of Russia, Odintsovo, Russian Federation
Keywords: методологические аспекты, развитие ДПО, постиндустриальная экономика, methodological aspects, development of DPO, post-industrial economy

Abstract >>
The methodological aspects characterizing interrelation of cycles of economic activity and models of educational processes are considered. Influence on educational processes of cycles of economic activity is analysed, including: cycles eras E. Tofflera, resource cycles J. Forrestera, century cycles F. Brodelya, formational cycles of M. Evans, big cycles of economic activity of N.D. Kondratyev, intermediate-term cycles of economic activity of S. Kuznets, minor cycles of economic activity of K. Zhuglyar, short business cycles of economic activity J. Kitchina, ultrashort cycles of economic activity of G. Moore. It is shown that in modern conditions of acceleration of scientific and technical progress when duration practically of all cycles of economic activity is reduced, load of the DPO system increases. First of all it concerns training in the technologies connected with short business cycles of J. Kitchina and ultrashort cycles of G. Moore as duration of other types of education in time exceeds life cycle of the specified technologies. It is also shown that in the conditions of saturated market, production personalisation level increases in the system of production (goods, works and services). In the conditions of change of mass and large-lot production by sredneseriyny, small-scale and individual production increases load of the DPO system, including growth of a share of training in small groups and individual training.



5.
THE NECESSITY OF CRITICAL THINKING DURING THE EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION

E.V. Barbashina1,2
1Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
2Institute of Philosophy and Law SD RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: современное образование, формирование и развитие критического мышления, индивидуальное/персональное развитие, способы отбора, анализа, систематизации и интерпретации информации, contemporary education, formation and development of critical thinking, individual/personal development, tool of selection, analysis, systematization and interpretation of information

Abstract >>
The author analyzes most important characteristics and conditions of critical thinking formation on the basis of historic and contemporary data. The creation, formation and further development of critical thinking is formed by social-historic context, beginning with the Ancient Greece and until the modern society. The author claims for necessity of forming and developing critical thinking as the determining factor of personality development in modern conditions. The process of critical thinking formation becomes especially important during the transition to individual education paradigm. The paper highlights that development of critical thinking as the necessary tool of selection, analysis, systematization and interpretation of information is the condition for transition to individual training. The methodical problems of defining the critical thinking caused by "inflation" of critical thinking on one end and its "shrinking" on the other are shown and partially solved. The most important characteristics of critical thinking are seen as follows: openness, plasticity, goal-orientation, self-reflection and self-skepticism. The author shows the necessity of critical thinking's elements, hypothesizing and questioning.



6.
ANALYSIS OF THE FEDERAL LAW ON EDUCATION FROM THE VALUE-BASED APPROACH

V.Y. Perov, V.M. Mikhailova
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: Legal regulation of education, ethics, the value of equality, the value of freedom, ethic contradictions in the law

Abstract >>
Today the Federal Law «On Education in the Russian Federation» (hereinafter - the Law on Education) is the main law governing regulation the field of education. Regulations of this legal act are the power that forms the institutional ways of Russian education development and fix the values that are significant or should be significant for the Russian education. The article analyzes the standards of the Law on Education from the perspective of the value-based approach in order to determine what roles in education this law assigns to ethical values such as equality and freedom. Therefore, the object of this research is the norms of the Law on Education, and the subject of the research is the above ethical values’ roles in education in accordance with these legal norms. The main research methods are the analysis of normative legal documents and scientific literature on the topic, a comparative analysis of the legal norms of the Law on Education each other and with the norms of other normative legal documents, analysis (identifying the norms of the Law on Education that fix the roles of ethical values in education mentioned above) and synthesis (determining the roles of these ethical values in the education generally). The research has included two main stages: 1) identifying the norms of the Law on Education that fix the roles of mentioned ethical values, 2) comparison of these norms with each other and with the norms of other normative legal documents. n the article, the results of the research are divided into three sections, each of which refers to one of these values: equality and freedom. The research results the conclusion that the roles of ethical values are fixed inconsistently by the norms of the Law on Education, and there are some ethic contradictions between the norms of this legal act.



7.
EVOLUTION AND SITUATION IN INTERACTION OF EDUCATION AND SOCIOCULTURAL VALUES

I.V. Yakovleva, T.S. Kosenko
Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: философия образования, философия воспитания, аксиология, эволюция, духовные ценности, образовательная модель, philosophy of education, philosophy of upbringing, axiology, evolution, spiritual values, educational model

Abstract >>
Introduction. The philosophical-axiological view on the dynamics of the formation and development of Russian education, which represents the main features of the society within which it functions and normally represents the "mold" of the culture that generated it (a fractal attribute): under present conditions it is the basic foundation of the domestic education. The goal is to analyze the historical conditions and problems of the relations between the educational model and the values and norms of culture and society; to show that the philosophical view on the specifics of the reflection in the education of the experience of socio-cultural life activity provides an opportunity to theoretically comprehend the modern educational reality that develops in the super dynamic social conditions of the global information culture. Methodology and methods of research. Comparative characteristics of the dynamics of historical development of the Western and Russian models of education make it possible to carry out analysis using the methodological foundations of the philosophy of education (ontology, epistemology and axiology) and to determine the general strategies for building a new civil society with a value-humanistic type of consciousness. It is possible to predict the creation of a unified educational vector on the basis of recognition of the "European dimension in education" and the formation of an integral intellect of the human being (intellect, but not a resource of thinking, spiritual potential or educative values). The real modernization of education, in the modern sense, raises the question of training pedagogical personnel who have gone through the "individualization" or "essential transformation" path. Today, a constantly growing teacher is urgently needed, from which new ways of communication, openness to innovation and moral ecology are required, which requires detailed analysis from the standpoint of the methodological possibilities of the philosophy of education. Practical significance. The historical and philosophical analysis proposed in the article, as well as the ontological and axiological tools, allow quickly assessing the current state of the problem of interaction between education and socio-cultural values. The material of the article can be useful to specialists dealing with the genesis of ontological and methodological foundations of the modern philosophy of education and the search for the ways of constructing a new educational vector. Scientific novelty and results. The article draws conclusions on the specifics and possibilities for expanding the range of presence of Russian education in the world space, and the autonomy of Russia's own values in the education system. Praxiological analysis of the sociocultural realities of our time indicates that postmodern culture has ceased to be branch-based, and social development has become integrative. In unity, they are moving towards a new type of rationality and new ways of communication. The question remains open for the developing Russia: what socio-cultural priorities will need to evolve as the modern value-educational guidelines?



8.
SUBJECT OF ACTIVITY AS A LEVEL OF SUBJECT OF INDIVIDUAL LIFE AND SOME METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

N.S. Shadrin
Pavlodar State Pedagogical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan
Keywords: индивидуальный субъект жизни, психологические детерминации, индивид, субъект деятельности, личность, профессиональная индивидуальность, отчуждение, эмоциональное выгорание, individual subject of life, psychological determinations, individual, subject of activity, personality, professional individuality, alienation, emotional burnout

Abstract >>
The article represents a brief trace of establishment of «subject of life» concept in psychology. The problem of individual subject of humane life is very complicated. The subject of humane life is the bearer of psyche also the issue of final regulation (self-regulation) of basic psychological determinations (motif, edge, communication, activity). The paper begins with rendering internal world of a man, its basic determinations and manifestations. When psychological phenomena are implemented, all basic psychological determinations controlled by the subject of life are manifested to a greater or less extent. The authors continue with the characteristics of basic levels of individual subject of life (the human as an individual, as a subject and as a personality). The individuality is seen as any integrative connection of individual, subject of activity and personality. The authors emphasize the notion of subject and personality.The basic psychological determinations (motive, way, communication, activity) on the level of individual, subject and personality are distinguished. The article shows the subject of professional activities as a form of subject of activities. From these positions, the authors suggest methodological approach to some problems of professional education. The special attention is paid to formation of professional individuality and problems of its harmony and disharmony (including the alienation of personality and her emotional burnout) in the article.



9.
DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN TOMSK REGION

Iu.V. Chudinova, O.V. Butova, G.V. Shipilina, V.V. Rogdestvenskaia, A.V. Gaag, I. V. Cherdantseva
Tomsk Agricultural Institute, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: сельское хозяйство, кадровое обеспечение, специалисты, профессиональное образование, agriculture, human resources, professionals, professional education

Abstract >>
The paper uses research methods on development of new approaches to the model of agricultural education development and to solutions of staff problems in agribusiness. The article explores the problem relating to the strategy of agricultural education development in Tomsk region. The authors use statistic and demographic resources and speak that directions in professional education influence the labour market in the region and strategy of regional development. The current strategy reveals the long-term goals, tasks and directions of staff training in agribusiness of Tomsk region for sustainable rural development.



10.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION

Y. I. Kazantsev
Novosibirsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: управление образованием, характерные особенности современной системы управления, противоречия в системе управления образованием, management of education, the characteristics of modern management system, the contradictions in the education management system

Abstract >>
In the article proposed to the reader, it is noted that the management of education in the country is carried out on the basis of the Law «On Education in the Russian Federation». The last version of it, dated July 29, 2017, clearly defines the principles on which the entire management system should be built. In Article 89 of this Law, it is emphasized that «the management of the education system is built on the principles of democracy, ...information openness, ...public opinion accounting and has a state-social character». However, the legislative consolidation and imputed primarily to the federal executive authorities, which determine the state policy and regulatory and legal regulation in the field of education, the organization of a broad involvement of the scientific and educational community to discuss the main directions of the development of education in the country is clearly ignored. The main characteristic feature of the modern management of Russian education was an unrestrained bureaucracy. In the system of management of Russian education, to this day there have been many contradictions. Central among them is the isolation of managers from the scientific and pedagogical community of the country. Due to these circumstances, the reform of Russian education over a quarter of a century is carried out exclusively from the top, with little regard for public opinion and the sentiments of scientific and pedagogical workers.



11.
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

R.R. Zakieva
Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation
Keywords: образование, аттестация персонала, аттестация оборудования, качество, управление, education, personnel certification, equipment certification, quality, management

Abstract >>
The changes that have occurred in the Russian economy have brought about significant changes in its structure. Because of these changes, it becomes necessary to make adjustments throughout the system of management and education. Therefore, at present, many organizations have to come up with some new conditions for the opportunity to competently compete in the labor market. In this regard, firms need to equip their organizations not only with technical equipment, but also have decent staff. This article provides an analysis of specific features and patterns of development and implementation of quality management systems in higher educational institutions. The concept of educational management and its components are considered. The features and characteristics of the managing and managed subsystems of the institution of higher professional education are revealed. The essence and tasks of management of the higher school are revealed. The role of educational management in the innovative development of the university is shown. It was found out that management in the sphere of education and upbringing has such specific features as direct and personally included interaction with all subjects of the educational process; the need for differentiation and individualization of educational services; the dependence of the functioning of the organization on the behavior of consumers; the complexity of determining the quality parameters; the need to own the perfect skills to work with consumers.



12.
RESEARCH LABORATORY AS A FORM RESEARCH ORGANIZATION IN HIGHER INSTITUTION

L.N. Zhukovskaya, S.V. Kostylev, O.F. Morozova, E.A. Nozdrenko
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: лаборатория, научно-исследовательская лаборатория, научная школа, исследовательский коллектив, рефлексивный анализ, парадигма, социокультурные практики, профессионализм, компетентностное развитие, научно-методическое обеспечение, laboratory, research laboratory, scientific school, research group, reflection, paradigm, sociocultural practices, professionalism, competency-based development, research and methodological support

Abstract >>
The article describes the activity of the research laboratory «Creative technologies of social and cultural practice», which is founded on the basis of the Chair of Advertisement and Social and Cultural Activities of the Institute of Humanities at Siberian Federal University. The paper analyses laboratory activity and possible prospects of new directions development. The research laboratory is reviewed as a department of higher institution which runs on the basis of the tasks to the contents and organization of education. The authors use the existing experience in Russia and abroad in foundation and operation of such laboratories; make their own conclusions about the possibilities of making laboratory research activities efficient. The paper formulates goals and tasks, discusses laboratory functions and its activities and defines the ways of research activity enhancement. The authors highlight the status of laboratory in the system of higher education. This allows to introduce innovations in the educational process, modifying the contents of research in accordance with social requirements of the region. The authors focus on the conceptual and semantic certainty of laboratory activity of the laboratory participants; they consider the phenomenon of «regional cultural code», which paradigm understanding becomes a system-forming factor for research practice. The authors reconsider the methodological bases of the research laboratory activity and forecasts its development. The authors make conclusion that foundation of research laboratories in the University has significant prospects in terms of understanding and research of ideological and semantic bases of the studied objects, the formulation of new methodological regulations, standards of subject and professional activity and adaptation of cognitive experience to the conditions of practice. The article focuses on the possibilities of applying a hierarchical approach to research, which gives the possibility to attract scientists, graduate students, students and teachers to collaborate; this approach contributes to improvement of research work and professional growth of University staff.



13.
SOLVING OF WORK-STUDY TASKS BY MEANS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN INSTITUTION AND ENTERPRISE

N.O. Vaganova1, N.V. Silkina2, V.M. Lopatkin3
1Novosibirsk technical school of railway transport, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
2University in the Siberian railways, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
3Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation
Keywords: практикоориентированность, рынок труда, среднее профессиональное образование, подготовка кадров, practice-oriented approach, labor market, vocational education, staff training

Abstract >>
The purpose of the article is to determine application of educational and industrial problems in students’ competitions of professional skill. The authors used the following theoretical methods: obtaining scientific information on educational-production tasks which can be solved in competitions of professional skill as forms of interaction and organization of railway transportation enterprises; the collection of data on training and production tasks and competitions of professional skill; empirical: analysis, comparison of data. The results are as follows: on the basis of research classification educational-production tasks, collected factual material about the competitions of professional skill, secondary professional education organizations and enterprises of railway transport. Solving of work-study tasks assumes capturing the educational program and the formation of professional competences in terms of production within a profession. The scientific novelty implies that the proposed approach contributes to the study of valuation activities educational achievements of students, current monitoring methodology and outcomes of training for the industrial sector of the economy. The practical significance. The application of teaching and production tasks in competitions of professional skill contribute to the need for collaboration among all actors of the educational processes with a view to improving the quality of training of specialists and workers frames.



14.
THE PROBLEM OF RESOURCE PROVISION FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF EFFICIENT INTERNAL SYSTEM OF EDUCATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT

Yu.S. Ivina
Institute of education management, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: качество образования, внутренняя система оценки качества образования, дефицитность ресурсов, экспертное мнение, the quality of education, intra-school system of education quality assessment, the scarcity of resources, expert opinion

Abstract >>
This article presents the results of a study of problems of resource supply (tangible and intangible) works of educational institutions for the effective establishment and functioning of the internal system of education quality assessment (SOCO). The relevance of this problem is confirmed by a wide range of studies, each of which is unique in the selection of methods and approaches, tools and indicators, objects, methods of sampling and its borders, etc. The work not only explores the concept of quality education, but also gives a brief description of the current state of the uniform system for the evaluation of quality of education of the Russian Federation. Much of the work is devoted to the formulation of goals, issues, tasks and object of study, and also reveal his techniques and methodology, the rationale for the selection of its tools and methods of processing the obtained results. In the methodology this study was conducted by the expert online survey of Directors and Deputy Directors of educational institutions, specialists of the centers of education quality assessment and development institutions of education and heads of departments of management education. As a result of research obtained information about the current extent of resource provision of educational institutions for the effective implementation of the objectives of the internal system of education quality assessment. Identifies the most and least scarce resources on the basis of which the rating of the scarcity of resources for the establishment and functioning of the internal system of education quality assessment in educational organizations. In conclusion, the paper notes the possibility of further development of the conducted research through scale to other research facilities and expansion of the sample coverage.



15.
FORMATION OF MODERN EDUCATIONAL MODELS AND EDUCATION PRINCIPLES BY MEANS OF CREATIVITY BY IA.A. KOMENSKII (THE CONTEXT OF TRUST COMMUNICATION SPACE)

E.A. Avtandilian
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: образовательная среда, доверительная коммуникация, знание, обучение, язык, сознание, модель, речь, текст, интерпретация, Educational environment, trust communication, knowledge, learning, language, consciousness, model, speech, text, interpretation

Abstract >>
The article analyses the principles of training and education in the system of Ia. A. Komenskii in the context of possible creation of the trust communication space in the educational environment. The author highlights the following basic principles of educational system of Ia. Komenskii: the principle of the highest value of knowledge; integrity of education and moral education; nonviolence and tolerance; universality and universality of education; homogeneity of the environment; social communication; lifelong learning; equality of all students (subjects of the educational process) and love. The paper considers the possibility of building modern educational model based on the ideas of the great teacher and thinker, taking into account the psychological aspects of learning when forming the cognitive model. The author attempts to describe the stages of the cognitive model in relation to the texts of Ia.A. Komenskii; he makes conclusion that, concerning text analysis, the modeling method can have unlimited capacities. At the same time, the author highlights the possible problems arising in the process of interpretation: between semantics as an area of values defining the «field» of meanings, further understanding and interpretation, and the syntax understood as a combination of language characters, and the principal nonreducibility of the semantic component to the syntax. Inevitably, «putting» semantic characteristics in the model at the first stage of its creation, in the future, in the process of verification, including, perhaps, the analysis of statistics, we will have to somehow transform the qualitativity of semantic characteristics into formalized syntax characters for their processing. This raises another problem seen as the subjective interpretation of the data by the researcher. After receiving the formal results, it will be necessary to "start" the reverse process - «from syntax to semantics». How it will be possible to correctly implement the mechanism of such transformation in both directions - this question is still open and requires further research.



16.
PRACTICE OF APPLICATION OF TRAINING TRAINERS IN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF BIMODAL HIGH SCHOOL ON THE BASIS OF THE CENTER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETENCES

I.V. Sergienko1,2, M.A. Krymova1,2
1Bashkortostan State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Ufa, Russian Federation
2Institute of Professional Education and Information Technologies, Ufa, Russian Federation
Keywords: центр развития компетенций, образовательная среда, электронное образование, компетенции, обучающие тренажеры, бимодальный университет, Competence Development Center, educational environment, e-education, competence, training simulators, bimodal university

Abstract >>
The article deals with the creation of a modern educational institution - a bimodal university. The issue of creating an innovative structure in the system of the bimodal university, the center for the development of ICT competencies, is disclosed. Much attention is paid to the experience of creating training simulators that contribute to the formation of ICT competencies in students. A sample of the training simulator «Projector» is presented. The results of the experiment on the introduction and application of training simulators on the formation of ICT competencies in the educational process of the university are presented.



17.
TEACHING ON MASTER-COURSE IN EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

N.L. Mikidenko, S.P. Storozheva
Siberian State University of Communications, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: профессиональное образование, многоуровневая образовательная система, образовательные стратегии студентов, бакалавриат, магистратура, управление образованием, образовательный мониторинг, мотивация поступления в магистратуру, professional education, multilevel educational system, students’ educational strategies, Undergraduate, MSc-students, educational management, educational monitoring, motivation on taking Master-course

Abstract >>
The article explores students’ educational strategies in the conditions of formation the request by high-tech labor market in multiprofile highly qualified specialist who is able to respond flexibly to changes. The authors address to the research request for lifelong learning of the future applicant on the labour market which is seen as an Undergraduate. The authors show that lifelong learning becomes the part of a professional career and professional fulfillment of a person. Master's degree as a stage of higher education remains completely new social practice in the system of professional education. The paper highlights that there many discussions on the criteria for selecting candidates for Master-programs, entrance exams, requirements for a master's degree and advantages of Master-students on the labor market. The article considers the BSc-students’ awareness about the possible options for further education after completing the BSc-course, admission requirements for taking Master-courses, professional profile, continuing education in the previously selected areas or taking a Master-course on another major, the readiness of the master's degree on a commercial basis, expectations from the master's degree as a stage of professional education. Training on Master-courses is evaluated as one of possible variants of building student’s personal educational strategy. The authors suggest to use the obtained results in the development strategy of higher institutions, education quality control, career guidance and management of educational strategies for undergraduate students.



18.
REPRESENTATIONS OF THE TEACHER ON THE PREFERRED FORMS OF DIDACTIC COMMUNICATION WITH THE TRAINING

P.V. Menshikov
Kaluga State University named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Kaluga, Russian Federation
Keywords: дидактическая коммуникация, субъективные представления обучаемого, цели дидактической коммуникации, предпочитаемые организационные формы дидактической коммуникации, didactic communication, subjective representations of the trainee, goals of didactic communication, preferred organizational forms of didactic communication

Abstract >>
The article is dedicated to the problem of the educational communication in the light of trainee’s reflection. The author proceedes from the supposition that trainee’s notions play the great part in the accomplishment of the effective educational communication with the teacher. As the subject of our research the trainee’s notions about the goals of educational communication with the teacher, the notions about educatory effect and forms of educational communication, the trainee’s implicit criteria concerning the educational communication are considered. The research was carried out on the base of the peer-groups of the first year students of Tsiolkovski State University (in total number 62 persons). The author’s questionnairy was used. According the data our probationers consider the development of own psychological competence as the main goal of the educational communication with the teacher. The trainees have shown preference to the communicative forms of the educational interaction. The students implicitly have rated the educational communication by the criteria of the personal importance of the didactic item and the psychological competence of the educatory effect.



19.
SUCCESSES AND PROBLEMS OF INCLUSION AS A CULTURE OF HUMAN RELATIONS

M.R. Arpentieva1,2, E.A. Bogomolova1,2, M.A. Spizhenkova1,2
1Tsiolkovskiy Kaluga State University, Kaluga, Russian Federation
2Yugra State University, Kaluga, Russian Federation
Keywords: инклюзия, педагоги, студенты, психологи, понятие инвалидности, инклюзия, inclusion, teachers, students, the concept of disability, the category of disabled people, psychological inclusion

Abstract >>
There is a significant number of psychologically important and difficult moments in the training of people with HIA, which must be taken into account while working with them. Inclusion of students who are age-appropriate in the general education class, along with disabled persons and without it, is beneficial for all parties. There are many ways of teaching, as different students learn differently. Students with disabilities get more pleasure from an inclusive atmosphere because they can get help from their peers with different abilities and compete on the same level due to equal opportunities. The society is not ready to accept disabled people "on an equal footing". Many people with disabilities who are accustomed to the consumer and limiting the style of relationships are often not ready to join the community in conditions other than caring for their rights. The discussion about the responsibilities and the role of disabled people in the community has not even begun: the only implied claims to them are probably the demands of gratifying satisfaction and «non-interference» in the life of non-disabled people. However, the doctrine of inclusion was created in order to expand these ideas, including, to form ideas about the culture of inclusion as a culture of mutual aid as mutual duties and rights, mutual service.



20.
AGGRESSION AMONG STUDENTS

N.N. Savina, O.I. Petrov
Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: Агрессия, индекс агрессивности, индекс враждебности, негативизм, чувство вины, раздражительность, обида, Aggression, the index of aggression, the index of hostility, negativism, guilt, irritability, resentment

Abstract >>
In the last decade there has been an increase in aggressive trends in the youth environment. In these conditions, the analysis of the aggressive behavior of student youth is especially actualized. The article examines the methodology and methodology for investigating the aggressiveness of university students. Comparison of the severity of different forms of aggression among students in different areas of training: lawyers, economists, psychologists. It is shown that the index of aggressiveness and the index of hostility among young lawyers is higher than that of students of other specialties, especially indicators of physical aggression. And a gender analysis of students' aggressiveness was conducted. Girls of female students of all specialties have significantly lower levels of aggression than boys. The aggressiveness of girls is within the limits of the permissible norm. Male law students demonstrated a slightly higher level of physical and verbal aggression against the background of irritability and resentment. Indirect aggression did not have high values due to the fact that it is not relevant for these students, since it does not have an open, object-oriented character.



21.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL THINKING OF THE MILITARY-ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

M. V. Kobyakova
Tyumen higher military engineering command school named after Marshal of engineer troops A. I. Proshlyakov, Tyumen, Russian Federation
Keywords: технологическое мышление, структура, уровни, средства развития, система задач, technological thinking, structure, levels, means of development tasks

Abstract >>
The article presents an example of a study on the development of technological thinking of learners with the aim of improving the quality of vocational training of the Russian personnel of military engineering. Technological thinking is seen as the ability to carry out research, monitoring and modeling the steps to finding more different options of alternative solutions on the basis of the previously created image of the desired outcome with the subsequent choice of a rational, optimal decisions. Students are involved in progressively more complex technological transformative activities aimed at changing the surrounding reality with the aim of creating an information product (object or process). The training introduces complex challenges, focused on the development of technological thinking, based on the use of new information technologies. As a means of development for different levels of technological thinking, the proposed complex of diverse tasks of increasing complexity to be solved using computer-aided design.



22.
ORIENTATION DYNAMIC OF STUDENTS` EDUCATIONAL MOTIVATION OF DIFFERENT COURSES DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR

T. A. Dvoretskaya, L. R. Akhmadieva
Moscow state linguistic university, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: внешняя мотивация, внутренняя мотивация, амотивация, intrinsic motivations, extrinsic motivations, amotivation

Abstract >>
The article is devoted to the actual psychological and pedagogical problem - the change of educational motivation of university students in the learning process. Under the kinds of orientation the authors understand the external and internal motivation in relation to the learning process. The authors use the questionnaire "Profile of students' academic motivation", which distinguishes three intrinsic motivations (cognitive, achievements, self-development) and 3 extrinsic motivations (self-esteem, introjected and external), and a separate amotivation scale. Under the amotivation, the authors understand the lack of academic motivation. The study was conducted among undergraduate students from the first to the fourth year of study. Participants completed the questionnaire 2 times: at the beginning and end of the academic year. The article presents the results of a comparison of these two sections. As a result of the analysis of the results of the study, significant differences in the internal and external motivational orientation of the first and third year students were revealed. The first-year students increased their motivation for achievement, and the level of motivation for self-esteem and introjection motivation decreased. Thus, it can be concluded that the students of first-year students increase their internal motivation and reduce the external one. They find it more interesting to set themselves challenging tasks and solve them, rather than just going to university because of the prestige of getting higher education in an institution with a great name. For the third year students, we detected a reverse trend. During the third year internal motivation is reduced and the level of amotivation is increased. This confirms the assumption that the third course is a crisis period in the formation of a specialist.



23.
PSYCHOLOGICALLY COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT AS A MEANS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF THE TRAINING PROCESS

I. E. Shemyakina, Yu.S. Ryabova
Tyumen higher military engineering command school named Marshal of engineering troops A.i. Proshljakova, Tyumen, Russian Federation
Keywords: военный инженерный институт, учебный процесс, качество, управление, психологически комфортная среда, military engineering institute, educational process, quality, management, psychologically comfortable environment

Abstract >>
Hierarchy of valuable orientations, the relations in family, the relations of cadets of military engineering higher education institution to study and to teachers, unity in groups are revealed and generalized (as indicators of the characteristic of the educational environment), the conclusion about psychological comfort for cadets is drawn .The methodology and methodology of investigating the level of interpersonal relations are considered. The forms and methods of work of teachers with groups are presented as one of the variants of solving the problem of creating a psychologically comfortable environment, which is one of the main means of managing the educational process in a military engineering university.



24.
THE PROBLEM OF THE OPERATOR’S INDIVIDUAL STAINABILITY TU INFORMATION STRESS IN A RISK SITUATION

V.V. Sobolnikov, V.M. Irgit
Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: информационно-рисковая переменная, стресс-устойчивость, адаптация, оператор, психические состояния, психологическая компетентность, information-risk variable, stress-resistance, adaptation, operator, mental states, psychological competence

Abstract >>
The article deals with the problem of individual psychic stability of representatives of one of the professions (operator) of high-tech content to information-risk variables in psychologically difficult situations. The scientific interest lies in a more in-depth study of the most significant properties in the system of personal qualities of the operator that provide an adaptation to the stressors in the labor process. The methodological basis of the study was the provisions of the system-complex approach, the system-regulative concept, the cognitive approach to the study of stress and cognitive-affective personality theory. The results of the analysis of theoretical approaches to the stressiveness of the employees of high-tech occupations were the basis for carrying out an experimental study. Along with general scientific methods, a set of techniques was used, including an individual typological questionnaire, L. N. Sobchik; a questionnaire of the dominant mental state of LVKulikov; a questionnaire of strong-willed self-control, developed by AG Zverkov and BV Eidman, which made it possible to assess the stress-resistance of the surveyed contingent. 62 operators were surveyed in the work, carrying out professional activities at various strategic sites deployed in the Siberian subregion. The results of the study of the mental state of operators under conditions of information impact are presented. A group of respondents is singled out probabilistically exposed to information-risk variables. The results of the study showed that 6% of respondents were experiencing general anxiety, 12% - aggression, 15% - depression and 9% are in a state of intrapsychological conflict. At the same time, from 3% to 6% of respondents showed a low level of activity and performance. In general, a low level of satisfaction with life showed about 21% of respondents. The assumption of the specificity of the influence of information stress under the conditions of risk has been confirmed. A group of respondents is identified probabilistically exposed to the impact of information stress. It is concluded that it is necessary not only to systematically monitor the state of stress resistance of operators, but also to increase the individual stability of the operator with the help of psychological techniques and training. Further study of the psychological nature of stress resistance, the mechanisms of its manifestation, the dependence on the specifics of the activity and the impact on the labor process will make it possible to substantiate the prospective directions of research.