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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2010 year, number 6

1.
About the Use of Geochemical Barriers to Prevent the Migration of Mercury Vapor

A. E. Boguslavsky, A. P. Krivenko
Keywords: gas migration of mercury, mercury sulfide, metacyanobarite, geochemical barriers, mercury-containing waste
Pages: 843-850

Abstract >>
Problems concerning the migration of mercury vapor through different types of organomineral filters are considered, the absorbing capacities of the formed geochemical barriers are determined. The most promising types of geochemical barriers for the subsurface burial in the forest-steppe landscape zone are revealed. An approach to a decrease in mercury vapor evaporation by transforming into a more conservative phase of metacyanobarite modification of mercury sulfide (HgS) is proposed.



2.
Dust Emission of Chromium from the Storage Areas of Slag from Ferrochromium Production for the Territory Near Krasnogorsky Village of the Chelyabinsk Region as an Example

E. V. Sokol, E. N. Nigmatulina, D. Y. Nokhrin
Keywords: Krasnogorsk village, Baturinsky open pit, chromium, slag from ferrochromium production, XFA SR technique
Pages: 851-863

Abstract >>
Chromium content of ground, dust and plants from the region near the open pit used to store self-decaying ferrochromium slag of the Chelyabinsk Electrometallugrical Plant was studied by means of X-ray fluorescence anàlysis involving the synchrotron radiation beams (RFA SR).



3.
Effect of Temperature on Sulfatereducing Bacteria under Experimental and Field Conditions During Winter

E. A. Sokolova
Keywords: sulfatereducing bacteria, rate of sulfate reduction, temperature effect
Pages: 865-869

Abstract >>
The effect of temperature on the number and activity of sulfatereducing bacteria was studied under the experimental and field conditions during the winter of 1988 at the Rybinsk water reservoir.



4.
Seasonal Dynamics of Zooplankton in the Region of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Plant (South Baikal, the Eastern Coast) in 2005-2007

E. V. Pislegina
Keywords: zooplankton, seasonàl dynàmics, eastern coast of the South Baikal, anthropogenic load
Pages: 871-876

Abstract >>
Zooplankton of the pelagian and shelf zones of the eastern coast of the South Baikal in the region of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Plant (BPPP) in summer and autumn periods of the years 2005-2007 was studied. It was established that the development of zooplankton during summer and winter 2005-2007 in the layer 0-50 m proceeded according to the scheme typical for Lake Baikal, in spite of the enhanced anthropogenic load in the region under investigation.



5.
Effect of the Buffer Capacity of Humic Psammozem, Accumulative Carbonate Agrozem and Agrobrown Soil on Cadmium Translocation into Watercress

V. L. Ubugunov, M. D. Dashieva
Keywords: soil buffer capacity, cadmium, watercress
Pages: 877-884

Abstract >>
Buffer capacity of humic psammozem, accumulative carbonàte agrozem and agrobrown soil with respect to cadmium was determined. The effect of soil buffer capacity on the dynàmics of the height, biological productivity and the level of cadmium accumulation in the biomass of watercress (Lepidium sativum L.) under increasing metal doses was investigated. The ability of watercress to accumulate large amounts of cadmium exceeding the admissible sanitary-gygienic standards even at low concentrations of the element in the soil was established.



6.
Kyzyl Ash Dump as a Source of Unfavorable Action on the Environment

T. E. Shoeva, Y. D. Kaminsky
Keywords: ash-and-slag waste, Kyzyl hat and power plant, Kaa-Khem coal
Pages: 885-892

Abstract >>
Investigation of the physical and technological characteristics of ash-and-slag wastes from the Kyzyl heat and power plant was carried out. Chemical, elemental and mineral composition of the products of fractional separation was studied. On the basis of the studies of the concentrations of hazardous substances in the fine fractions of ash and in ground water, it was concluded that the dusting fraction of ash-and-slag wastes produces the major effect on the environment as a result of air transport.



7.
Postfire Transformation of Microbial Coenoses and the Complexes of Invertebrates in the Soil of Pine Forests of Central Siberia

A. V. Bogorodskaya, E. A. Krasnoshchekova, I. N. Bezkorovaynaya, G. A. Ivanova
Keywords: microbial coenoses, forest fires of different intensities, soil faunà, microarthropoda
Pages: 893-901

Abstract >>
Post-fire changes of the functional characteristics of soil microbial coenoses and the complexes of soil invertebrates in the middle-taiga pine forests of Central Siberia were studied. It was revealed that the fire events, independently of their intensity, during the first year cause a decrease in the number of diversity of soil invertebrates, and also have a negative effect on the structure and the functional activity of microbial complexes of sandy podzol. The post-fire recovery of the number and structure of the complexes of soil invertebrates and the functionàl activity of microbial coenoses of sandy podzol is determined both by the action of the pyrogenic factor and by the features of the dynàmics of hydrothermal and trophic conditions of soil in pine forests.



8.
Salt-Soluble form of Iodine in Chernozem

G. A. Konarbaeva
Keywords: the nearest reserve, salt-soluble iodine form, chernozem, potassium chloride solution
Pages: 903-907

Abstract >>
Results of the determinàtion of salt-soluble form of iodine in the chernozem are discussed. This form is considered as the nearest reserve of iodine available for plants. With respect to this form of iodine, the chernozem is similar to hydromorphic soil.



9.
Multiple-Entry Polyclave Computer Key for Identification of the Siberian Species of Astragalus (Fabaceae)

I. A. Artemov
Keywords: plant determination, multiple-entry polyclave electronic key, Astragalus, Siberia
Pages: 909-918

Abstract >>
Description of the interactive multiple-entry polyclave electronic key for identification of 102 species and subspecies of Siberian Astragalus is presented. At every step of identification, the program reduces the species list, reduces the state lists for qualitative characters, recalculates diagnostic values of characters and ranks the characters by their diagnostic value. In the process of identification, a user can return to previous steps of identification, to get text descriptions and drawings of a species and the photos of herbarium specimens, to use an interactive monoentry dichotomous key, to change and input new data into the data table. The program is workstation-based and implemented in Microsoft Access 2002.



10.
Comparative Analysis of Local Florae of the Northwest Part of Putorana Plateau

M. Y. Telyatnikov
Keywords: Putoranà plateau, local flora, golets and sub-golets belts, vegetation, tundra
Pages: 919-928

Abstract >>
A variety of vascular plants of two altitudinàl belts in the areas of upper rivers Kygam, Morgel and Lontoko is revealed. The geographical and ecological anàlysis of flora, as well as the anàlysis of life forms of each belt is carried out.
Comparison of three local florae in species composition showed isolation of the florae of golets and under-golets altitudinàl zone belts in the area of the river Lontoko from similar florae in the areas of the rivers Kygam and Morgel. Comparison between the florae in the ratio of latitudinàl elements revealed an intermediate position of the area of the river Kygam between the areas of the rivers Lontoko and Morgel. Comparison with respect to the ratio of ecological groups of species and life forms showed the similarity between the golets altitudinal zone and sub-golets altitudinal zone belts of the areas of the Lontoko and the Kygam, and their difference from the area of the river Morgel.
In the past (in the end of the small glacial age of Holocene), the Longtokojsky Stone ridge differed in flora from the florae of the basic area of the western part of Putoransky mountains stronger than it does today. This is connected with the less significant role of the Atlantic transfer in this region in the past and the more significant role of the Siberian anticyclone.



11.
Biometric Studies of Some Representatives of the Subsection Nivales (Prantl) Luferov of Ranunculus L. Genus (Ranunculaceae)

A. S. Erst
Keywords: Ranunculus, variability, unidimensional, multivariate, discriminànt and variance analyses
Pages: 929-937

Abstract >>
Results of the studies of variability of the morphological attributes and numbers of chromosomes in the populations of R. altaicus s.l., R. sulphureus subsp. exaltatus and R. schmakovii are presented. The methods of unidimensionàl and multivariate analysis were applied: princiðal-component method, discriminànt and variance anàlysis. As a result, two buttercup subspecies were distinguished at the territory of the Altay mountain territory (R. altaicus subsp. altaicus, R. altaicus subsp. frigidus), as well as new taxons R. sulphureus subsp. exaltatus è R. schmakovii.



12.
Interrelations Between the Populations of Forest-Forming Species in the Dark Abies Forests of the Western Salair

I. D. Makhatkov
Keywords: coenopopulation, spatial arrangement, dynamics
Pages: 939-946

Abstract >>
Analysis of the spatial arrangement of abies undergrowth with respect to abies, aspen and birch trees was carried out in the climax community of the dark forest by means of radial functions. The results of analysis showed that the abies undergrowth is concentrated mainly in the vicinity of old abies trees but its occurrence near abies stumps is much below the expected level. Such an arrangement of the undergrowth should inevitably lead to a decrease in the area occupied by the population of abies, and its number. The abies undergrowth is mostly concentrated in the vicinity of parvifoliate species where dense abies curtains are formed. Thus, the populations of parvifoliate species are the stabilizing factor with respect to the population of dominant species of the dark abies forests.



13.
Flowering and Ecology of Pollination of Gentiana scabra Bunge (Gentianaceae Dumort.) in the South of the Primorsky Territory of Russia

Sun' yan', N. A. Nesterova, N. A. Tsarenko
Keywords: Gentiana scabra, flowering, ecology of pollination, strategy in the area of reproductive biology, Primorsky Territory
Pages: 947-953

Abstract >>
The objective of the research was to study phenology and the process of flowering of Gentianà scabra Bunge. Flowers in raceme blossom out from top downward. The flowering period of one flower is 10 days, and that of the whole plant is 30 days. 13 species of possible agents for pollen transference are found. It is shown that bumble-bees are the primary pollinating insects. Stigma receptivity to pollen decreases significantly 8 days after unfolding of stigma. G. scabra flowers are capable of self-pollinàtion. The main type of pollinàtion of G. scabra flowers is xenogamy which is consistent with geitonogamy.



14.
Features of Adaptation of Pteridium àquilinum in Siberia

E. A. Ershova
Keywords: Pteridium aquilinum, adaptation capacity, habitat, Siberia
Pages: 955-961

Abstract >>
Ecological and biological features of Pteridium aquilinum allowing the species not only to get adapted to the conditions of the moderate zone but also to dominate in the grass of the communities and get adjusted to new territories within the habitat are revealed. It is established that the conditions of the oceanic climate most completely correspond to the ecological optimum of Pteridium aquilinum, while in Siberia the species is at the Northern limit of its habitat.



15.
Àbout the Ecology of the Species of Hylotelephium H. Ohba Genus Promising for the Urban Phytodesign in the Southern Urals

M. V. Lebedeva, L. M. Abramova
Keywords: succulents of Hylotelephium genus, the Southern Urals, success of introduction, urban phytodesig
Pages: 963-968

Abstract >>
Statistically significant effect of the factors of habitat conditions and the weather conditions of the year under investigation on the majority of morphometric parameters of the vegetative and generative spheres of four natural coenopopulations of Hylotelephium stepposum (Boriss.) Tzvel. and three coenopopulations of H. triphyllum (Haw.) Holub. was revealed with the help of two-factor variance analysis.



16.
Problems of Forest Genetic Resources Conservation in Siberia considering global climate change and increasing antropogenic effects.

V.V. Tarakanov, K.V. Krutovsky, J. Turok
Keywords: conservation of forest genetic resources, forest genetics and breeding, seed growing, forest genetic reserves, seed orchards, clone archives, progeny tests and provenance trials
Pages: 969-974

Abstract >>
The review of the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources in Siberia that taken place in August 3-9, 2009 in Novosibirsk, Russia is presented.