Home – Home – Jornals – Scientific journal “Vestnik NSUEM” 2017 number 1

This article considers prices and fair value of assets on the financial market according to distinctions in investors’ knowledge. In research were determined the essential parameters characterizing information which is used in investment decision making. On the basis of parameters value determination the typological groups of information space of the financial market were constructed. Participants of the financial market were classified into groups, which are correlated with typological groups of information space. Comparison of provisions of efficient market and adaptive market hypotheses in the context of the constructed typological groups has allowed to develop a evolutionary efficient market hypothesis.

Differences between the Russian regions by the level of development of innovation activity make urgent the task of their typization. Special attention should be paid to dynamics of innovation activity, because only this permits to judge about sustainability of innovation processes in regional economy and their tendencies. In the present work, the statistical data are used for the purposes of the typization of the Russian regions by dynamics of innovation activity in 2010-2014. Five types of the regions by their long-term success and four types by appearance of tendencies of innovation development are established. In Russia, there are many regions demonstrating long-term success, although those characterized by permanent increase in innovation activity are few. Geographically close location of the regions with different dynamics of innovation activity is considered as a significant premise for solution of the problems detected by the attempted analysis. Practical importance of the results is determined by the fact the typization of regions by dynamics of innovation activity is urgent for state governance of innovation activity and, particularly, development of programs aimed at building of innovation-oriented regional economy. Additionally, the typization allows evaluation of premises for realization of ambitious projects such as foundation of regional financial centers and clusters.

The article studies the issues of availability of labor resources in Russian economy in the context of threats to national security. The analysis of the demo-graphical situation in the country showed that despite the implementation of var-ious socially important projects the personnel deficit is expected to sharpen be-cause of the change in the age and sex structure of the population. Besides, low quality of labor resources, expressed in indicators of education, health and level of life, raises concerns. While employees value the professional qualification of employers at a rather low rate, there is heavy mortality among adult population, as well as wide range of the employed that can’t satisfy their minimum physio-logical needs due to their wage. The author draws a conclusion about the need of increase of efficiency of use of the labor resources of the country.

Collection and recycling of waste is one of the most important economic prob-lems in any country. There is a large amount of accumulated waste in Russia, the development of the recycling can be a source of increase of the gross national product, as well as reduction of its energy intensity. Population plays an im-portant role in formation of the recycling sector. The article lists the reasons of the currently weak involvement of the population in collection of waste. The EU waste management experience is analyzed on the basis of the data of European statistics. The conclusions on the possibility of application of foreign experience in Russia are drawn.

The authors focus on the issue of advantage of expenditure on education for the Russian budget. Expenditure on education has a positive effect on the development of science and technology and growth in personal income, which has been discussed by many contemporary economists. Regression analysis shows a positive relationship between education level and tax revenues of Russian regions’ consolidated budgets.

The article presents the basic provisions of the methodology of strategic management of constituent entity of the Russian Federation and municipal formation, the goal, implementation principles, object of management, key processes, evaluation subsystem and other elements of strategic management at meso-level are specified. The fragment of substantiation of the growth points of Mezhdurechensk urban district is presented on the basis of application of SWOT analysis following generalization of the best practice (Russian and foreign experience), as well as typical errors in development of the strategy of social and economic development of the territory.

The aim of the research was the analysis of the present investment in fixed capital for individual entrepreneurs, related to three dimensional categories, specialized on different economic activities and located in different regions of Russia. As initial data were used in the preliminary results continuous observation of the activities of small and medium businesses in 2015 year. The study was based on analysis of specific investments per one entrepreneur and investment per worker. The identified regions with a low level of investments in fixed capital by individual entrepreneurs.

The problems of the deficit of investment potential of Russian economy are analyzed, although the assets of the bank sector of Russian economy alone amount to more than 80 trillion roubles. It is quite sufficient for service of the 2016 Russian real gross domestic product in the amount of 42 trillion roubles. However, the actually produced gross domestic product is serviced by М₂ money supply, which amounted to 7,723 trillion roubles and is clearly insufficient. Considering that economy is in critical need for investment, the stated stock of money is extremely low. Emission of currency is the only solution. However, Central Bank raises absolute objections because of the accelerating inflation danger. Central Bank pursues the policy of dear money, by setting the highest key rate in the world at 17 % in 2014 and reducing it to 10,5 % in 2016. And all of that happened under conditions of the economic crisis. Such a key rate is manifested in the cred-it rate of 25-30 % for entrepreneurs, which slows down the growth. At the same time, the monetization factor of the Russian gross domestic product is 0,47. Meanwhile, the monetization factor in all OECD countries and other developed countries is above 1,0. It is also well known from the world business practices that no country in the world has ever made economic spurt with monetization factor of gross domestic product below 1,0. The author is trying to find all possible relations between the stated problems and define optimal level of monetization of the gross domestic product for Russia.

This article represents a typology of different mechanisms of investment-decision making process on financial market. The typology was constructed through selection of periods with the signs of one-quality development. Creation of development chains was based on two classification parameters: quantity of available information on financial market and the decision-making algorithm. As the result, the main stages in use of various investment-decisions methods was determined. Moreover, we propose a classification, which allowed to determine the main periods in development of investment decisions in the context of investor behavior: quasi-rational, rational and boundedly rational.

Scientific publications analysis indicated that DuPont model is used to analyze the factors affecting the value of the return on equity at a particular time, without regard to their variability. This article considered the application of the three-factor model of DuPont in terms of assessing the impact of the growth rates of the individual factors on the growth rate of return on equity. Depending on the stakeholders’ interests, the authors proposed a decomposition DuPont model, which allows us to construct a typology of companies, based on the degree of importance of the separate factors.

The article formulates recommendations on improvement of budgetary system in Russia concerning delimitation and increase of incomes. The author proposes self-government structure, that allows distribution of budget recourses and management functions among different levels of territorial system. The article also describes measures of delimitation of budget revenues in favor of local powers, according to which property and income taxes is proposed to consolidate in local budgets, to transfer some federal and regional taxes in the category of local, as well as to change the enrollment’s ratios of tax revenues to the budgets of different levels. The results can be used in the development and implementation budget policy at the federal and sub-federal levels in order to strengthen fiscal capacity of local self-governments.

It is shown that the economic equilibrium is achievable, provided the balance of the economy, manifested in the ability economic system elements to implement joint reproduction of their own financial resources on the basis of and for the updates of the production function and product, to achieve financial and economic stability, ensured financial strength, existence of its stock and (or) attraction for participants in the financial markets. Maintaining economic and financial stability of today’s outsiders in modern conditions is possible on the basis of intensification of the processes of their absorption by the leaders of the economy that contribute to financial savings. On this basis, provided by the economic and financial stability of national socio-economic system as it is balanced (in equilibrium) with the financial markets for opportunities-financial system micro to use their potential without generating conflict of interest.

Regional clusters are considered from the perspective of the evolutionary approach, the nature of the key parameters of the cluster at various life cycle phases is defined. The analysis of the main methods, used in identification of the clusters (interindustry balance, coefficient of localization, «cluster groups», Ripley method, expert evaluation), is carried out; it is found which parameters of the cluster are estimated by these methods, their advantages and disadvantages are revealed.

The article shows the necessity of control as the necessary tool for increase of the efficiency of use of budgetary funds in solution of social and economic problems of citizens and economic entities by specific example. The main emphasis is on illustration of efficiency of control of performance discipline in calculation of the performance indicators with consideration for planned indicators and their current adjustments in the course of execution of the state target program of informatization of Novosibirsk region.

The article presents a detailed analysis of the state of the Russian market of bank insurance in the time interval 2008-2015. The structure of this market in different classification sections was investigated. Author’s assessment of the dynamics of the bank insurance market in general, as well as its individual segments (retail insurance, insurance of legal entities through banks, insurance of banks’ risks) was fulfilled. Tendencies of key components, such as life insurance of the borrower, auto insurance, mortgage insurance, etc. are determined. Conclusions and suggestions were made. State and departmental statistics and open press data were used as an information basis for the study.

The article analyzes the formation of the united European identity within European Union. The approaches to definition of the national and European identities are considered from the perspective of such theorists like Benedict Anderson, Jurgen Habermas etc. The authors made an attempt to describe the main functions of identity, as well as to mark out the main markers of identity, which con-tribute to substitution of the national identity for the European one for citizens of EU and contribute to its spread.

The article presents the results of original research of modern media as a system of institutions of generating and direction of information flow on their subordinate communication channels. One of their functions is the preparation and formation of public opinion, which one way or another is the basis for the spiritual and moral principles of each particular person and society as a whole. This allowed the author not only to identify the main problems of the influence of mass media on the formation of moral and spiritual young generation of values, but also to offer media reframing of their goals as one of the restructuring methods, which is aimed at changing the perception from funds youth media broadcast information and their settings. Reframing also suggests the formation of mechanisms, which can help overcome the spiritual degradation of the society and provide a set of values offset to the spiritual revival of the modern Russian society.

The article presents the results of a sociological study conducted in a military unit № «C» of the Central Military District in February-March in years 2011, 2013. The questionnaire survey was conducted among conscripts of the same company using the basic array method. The selection was 113 and 196 people in 2011 and 2013, respectively. The study is intended to establish manifestations of aggressively-oriented destructions which conscripts under the study were faced during the service.

The article has a methodological focus. The author analyzes problems and prospects of the organization and conduct of a new phase of monitoring the level and quality of life of older residents. The opinions of specialists on the appropriateness of changing the sample, the frequency of the completion, the completion of the toolkit, the introduction of changes in the organizational structure of monitoring are analyzed, evaluated, summarized in the work. Estimates of specialists involved in the focus discussion, and the moderator (the author) based on their personal 5-year experience of participation in research. Participants in the discussion offered their own ideas and discussed the innovations. They also identified some of the risks that may arise when updating the toolkit, searching for respondents according to specified parameters, attracting new categories of interviewers. Types of methodological risks that can manifest themselves in the process of introducing innovations into the organizational structure of monitoring, social indicators of the level and quality of life of elderly Muscovites, are summarized and are commented in the article.

Independent evaluation of qualification is intended to be the tool of formation of the national qualification market. However, the «independent evaluation of qualification» term is still not widespread in domestic practice due to high theoretical and methodological and methodic uncertainty. The article reveals the signature features of the prevailing educational programs market and developing qualification market on the basis of the analysis and generalization of the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, the authors treatment and interpretation of architectonics of the system of independent evaluation is given.

In this paper, we present a computer appliance, which is intended for remote control and monitoring of multimedia projectors. The computer appliance is developed and embedded in Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management and provides easy and unified access for different multimedia projectors with an infrared receiver. The developed computer appliance allows potential extension in order to control other devices with an infrared receiver (e.g. air conditionings, plasma display panels, DVD-players etc.). The main part of the computer appliance is an Arduino microcontroller with an infrared transmitter, an infrared receiver and a RFID-reader for users’ authentication via demonstration an electronic pass. The microcontroller is connected with the personal computer, which, in its turn, is connected with the multimedia projector. Also, we developed special software for this computer, for the microcontroller, as well as for the server, which is intended for centralized control of all the available projectors.

The article considers the specifics of organization of production at socially oriented enterprises with application of straight flow methods on the basis of the results of the previous studies of the author. Special focus is on formation of the production structure on the basis of the continuous flow line with distributing conveyer. The conditions of applicability of such flow for the enterprises under examination are evaluated. The specifics of application of continuous flow lines with distributing conveyer in conditions of the production structures of the socially oriented enterprises are analyzed. In particular, the procedure for calculation of the main planning records with consideration for the specifics of production of the socially oriented enterprises is presented.

The article studies the basics of functioning of modern card payment systems. In particular, the basis notions connected with the payment cards market are revealed, the reasons of the dynamic development of the market are analyzed, the roles and functions of the participants of the card payment systems are considered, the analysis of the specifics of infrastructure and technological support of the systems under examination is carried out, the forecast of the development of the card payment systems is made.