Publishing House SB RAS:

Publishing House SB RAS:

Address of the Publishing House SB RAS:
Morskoy pr. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia



Advanced Search

Chemistry for Sustainable Development

2014 year, number 2

1.
Study of the Biodegradability of Anion-Active Surfactants on the Ground of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

V. M. ABBASOV1, L. I ALIEVA1, Z. G. ASADOV1, E. V. RAKHMANOV2 and I. G. NAZAROV3
1Mamedaliev Institute of Petrochemical Processes, Azerbaijan NAS, Pr. Khojali 30, Baku AZ1025 (Azerbaijan)
E-mail: leylufer-ipcp@rambler.ru
2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow 119991 (Russia)
3Lomonosov Moscow State University, Baku Branch, Ul. B. Vahabzade, 14, Baku AZ 1143 (Azerbaijan)
Keywords: biodegradability, surfactants, fatty acids, linolenic acid, salts of sulpho acids, petroleum collecting
Pages: 105–111

Abstract >>
Anion-active surfactants on the ground of sulpho derivatives of a mixture of fatty acids isolated from corn oil and individual linolenic acid were obtained. Physicochemical properties of surfactants and calcium salts synthesized on their ground have been defined. Research with thin (0.16–0.17 mm) films of petroleum on the surface of various waters (fresh, distilled, sea) has shown that these salts as 5 and 10 % solutions of ethanol possess good petroleum collecting and petroleum dispersing properties. It has been established that 0.025 and 0.05 % solutions of calcium salts are biodegradable.



2.
Experimental Study of Foam Gels for Regulating Filtration Flows of Fluids in Oil-Gas Condensate Reservoirs

L. K. ALTUNINA, V. A. KUVSHINOV  and I. V. KUVSHINOV
Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademicheskiy 4, Tomsk 634021 (Russia)
E-mail: canc@ipc.tsc.ru
Keywords: oil, gas, condensate, deposit, surfactants, foam gel, enhanced oil recovery, limitation of gas inflow
Pages: 113–118

Abstract >>
The systems based on surfactants and inorganic reagents capable of generating stable foam gels in situ were investigated. Optimal ranges of component concentrations in the foam-gel forming systems intended to enhance oil recovery and coverage of oil and gas condensate deposits by the active systems of the development using water flooding, gas or steam injections were investigated.



3.
Formation of Humic Acids under Cavitation Impact on Peat in Aqueous Alkaline Media

D. V. DUDKIN and  A. S. ZMANOVSKAYA
Yugra State University, Ul. Chekhova 16, Khanty-Mansiysk, KhMAO-Yugra  628012 (Russia)
E-mail: dvdudkin@rambler.ru
Keywords: humic acids, peat, chemical composition, mechanochemical impact
Pages: 119–121

Abstract >>
The chemical nature of substances formed in aqueous alkaline media in the course of cavitation impact on peat containing no humic acids is considered. Using chemical and physicochemical investigation methods there have been established the nature of humic substances formed. It is proved that the effect of mechanochemical aqueous alkaline medium exerted on humate–carbohydrate complex can result in the formation of humic acids from other components of peat.



4.
Prognosis of Geoecological Consequences of Development of Deposits of the Bom-Gorkhon Tungsten Deposit (Transbaikalia)

O. V. EREMIN1, E. S. EPOVA1, G. A. YURGENSON1 and O. K. SMIRNOVA2
1Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Butina 26, Chita 672014 (Russia)
E-mail: yeroleg@yandex.ru
2Institute of Geology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Sakhyanovoy 6a, Ulan Ude 670047 (Russia)
Keywords: experimental leaching, elements migration, thermodynamic modelling, modern minerogenesis, prognosis of geoecological consequences of mountain manufacture
Pages: 123–129

Abstract >>
The main movable elements Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Cd, Mn, Ca, Sr, W, were found as a result of the experiments on leaching by the sulphuric-acid solutions of the ores of the deposit Bom-Gorkhon (Transbaikalia). Associations of possible mineral phases, the essential part of which is located in products of the modern mineral formation in wastes of the mountain manufacture were determined. The legitimacy of the use of the physicochemical modelling for the prognosis of geoecological consequences of mining of ore deposits was confirmed.



5.
Preparation of Silumin through Arc-Plasmous Processing Mechanically Activated Minerals of the Sillimanite Group

G. G. LEPEZIN1, A. S. ANSHAKOV2, V. A. FALEEV2, E. G. AVVAKUMOV3, and O. V. VINOKUROVA3
1Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: lepezin@igm.nsc.ru
2Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 1, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: anshakov@itp.nsc.ru
3Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Kutateladze 18, Novosibirsk 630128 (Russia)
E-mail: avvakumov@solid.nsc.ru
Keywords: minerals of the group of sillimanite, plasma heating, reducing agents, mechanic activation, products of electrothermy, silumin, aluminium
Pages: 131–142

Abstract >>
Experiments on carbothermy of minerals of the sillimanite group (MSG, Al2SiO5, composition (mass %): Al2O3 62.9, SiO2 37.1) and quartzites containing them. The mixture melted after the mechanical activation under reducing conditions. Graphite, charcoal and sawdust were used as reducing agents. Graphite, charcoal and sawdust were used as reducing agents. The average statistical compositions of the products of melting were determined (mass %): aluminium-silicon – Al 93.62, Si 6.14, Fe 0.13, Ti 0.06; n = 429 (n is the number of determinations over which averaging was carried out), in 245 analyses the content of aluminium exceeds 98 mass %; silicon – Si 99.65, Al 0.22, Fe 0.12, Ti 0.02; n = 122. The results of the research show the fundamental possibility of the preparation of silumin, and along the way, silicon from MSG using plasma heating. Resources of the minerals of the group of sillimanite in Russia were evaluated. The program of specific activities on the transition of the production of silumin and aluminium to a new sort of raw materials and new technologies were proposed.



6.
Effect of Cellulose Supramolecular Structure on the Morphology of Aluminum Oxide Fibres Obtained via Sol–Gel Method

I. S. MARTAKOV1, P. V. KRIVOSHAPKIN1, M. A. TORLOPOV1, E. F. KRIVOSHAPKINA1, and V. A. DEMIN1,2
1Institute of Chemistry, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Pervomayskaya 48, Syktyvkar 167982 (Russia)
E-mail: gmartakov@gmail.com
2Syktyvkar Forestry Institute, Branch of the Kirov St. Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Ul. Lenina 39, Syktyvkar 167982 (Russia)
Keywords: aluminum oxide, fibre, cellulose, sol-gel method, template synthesis
Pages: 143–149

Abstract >>
Micro-sized in the cross section aluminum oxide fibres, have been obtained by the sol-gel method with cotton cellulose as a template. The effect of the supramolecular structure of cellulose on the properties of ceramic fibres has been studied. It has been demonstrated that the initial morphology and supramolecular structure of cellulose have a significant impact on the template synthesis process.



7.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of New N–aminoglycosides with Pyrazole Fragment

O. A. NURKENOV1, I. V. KULAKOV2 and R. A. ERMUKHANBETOVA3
1Institute of Organic Synthesis and Coal Chemistry of Kazakhstan, Ul. Alikhanova 1, Karaganda 100000 (Kazakhstan)
2Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Pr. Mira 55-a, Omsk 644077 (Russia)
E-mail: kulakov@chemomsu.ru
3Peoples’ Friendship University of Kazakhstan, Ul. Tole Bi 32, Shymkent 160000 (Kazakhstan)
Keywords: N-aminoglycosides, glycosylation, monosaccharides
Pages: 151–154

Abstract >>
New aminoglycosides obtained by the interaction of (1,3,5-trimethyl-1-H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanamine with D-glucose and D-galactose have been characterized. The structure of the class of monosaccharide derivatives studied and their probable stereochemical (anomeric) composition have been established using modern physicochemical research methods (1HNMR and IR spectroscopy). A high growth promoting activity of N-aminoglycoside synthesized has been shown on the example of root formation of common bean.



8.
Ñhemical Mercury Carbonization in Industrial Wastes

YU. V. OSTROVSKY1, G. M. ZABORTSEV1, I. M. BELOZEROV2, A. V. BABUSHKIN3, D. YU. OSTROVSKY3 and V. A. MININ4
1Research and Production Center Eidos Ltd., Ul. B. Khmelnitskogo 2, Novosibirsk 630075 (Russia)
E-mail: ost@vnipiet-nsk.ru
2State Specialized Design Institute JSC, Novosibirsk VNIPIET, Ul. B. Khmelnitskogo 2, Novosibirsk 630075 (Russia)
3Novosibirsk Chemical Concentrates Plant (NCCP) OJSC, Ul. B. Khmelnitskogo 94, Novosibirsk 630110 (Russia)
4Siberian Geotechnology Ltd., Vesenniy proezd 6, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
Keywords: mercury-containing wastes, carbon dioxide, basic carbonate of divalent mercury, hydrogen peroxide, carbonization, biotesting
Pages: 155–160

Abstract >>
The method of gas-chemical carbonization of mercury in industrial mercury containing wastes (construction waste and soils) of companies of SC Rosatom with the use of carbon dioxide has been examined. The thermodynamic analysis of the reaction of the formation of divalent mercury basic carbonate (HgCO3 ⋅ 2HgO) at the interaction of mercury oxide with carbon dioxide was performed. The influence of the pressure of carbon dioxide, temperature and treatment time on the effect of gas-chemical carbonization of mercury oxide was studied. The technological scheme of the two-stage gas chemical recycling of mercury-containing wastes has been proposed. Biotesting of samples of construction waste and soils subjected to gas-chemical carbonization of mercury has been held.



9.
Synthesis of Carbon Sorbents with Antibacterial Properties

L. G. PYANOVA,  O. N. BAKLANOVA,  V. A. LIKHOLOBOV,  V. A. DROZDOV and A. V. SEDANOVA
Institute of Hydrocarbons Processing, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Neftezàvodskàya 54, Omsk 644040 (Russia)
E-mail: medugli@ihcp.ru
Keywords: carbon sorbent, polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, thermogravi-metry, antibacterial properties
Pages: 161–171

Abstract >>
A method for the synthesis of the application material for medical purposes based on the carbon hemosorbent is described. The chemical modification of a carbon material was performed via impregnation by azobisisobutyric acid dinitrile (DINIZ) in monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) with the subsequent polymerization. Selecting the optimal parameters of the modification that allow applying up to 8–15 mass % of poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) onto the carbon sorbent is described in detail. As the general analysis we used a thermal method that provides monitoring the VP polymerization process on the carbon material. The proposed method for the synthesis of PVP on the surface of the carbon sorbent was compared with alternative methods of PVP preparation on the surface of different nature carriers. The analysis of the physicochemical properties of the studied sorbents is presented. The reported results of microbiological studies have demonstrated the possibility of using carbon sorbents for the vulnerosorption.



10.
Organosulphur Compounds in High-Sulphur Petroleum from the Nizhne-Pervomayskoye Deposit (Tomsk Region)

V. P. SERGUN1, I. S. KOROL2 and R. S. MIN1
1Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademicheskiy 4, Tomsk 634021 (Russia)
Å-mail: sergun@ipc.tsc.ru
2Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: ÊîrolIS@ipgg.sbras.ru
Keywords: high-sulphur petroleum, composition, distribution, organosulphur compounds
Pages: 173–178

Abstract >>
The structure and composition of organic sulphur compounds in high-sulphur petroleum from Nizhne-Pervomayskoye deposit (Tomsk Region) have been studied. Sulphur compounds have been shown to be represented by a mixture of isomers of dialkylthiacyclopentanes, alkyl- and methylalkylthiacyclohexanes, bicyclic sulphides, alkyl-homologues of benzothiophene, dibenzothiophenes and benzonaphthothiophenes and their alkyl-substituted.



11.
Determination of the Microelement Composition of Dog Rose (Rosa canina) from Various Growing Locations by the SRXRF Method

A. V. SIDORINA1, V. A. TRUNOVA1 and A. N. ALEKSEEVA1,2
1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 3, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: morion289@gmail.com
2Novosibirsk State University, Ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
Keywords: X-ray fluorescence analysis, synchrotron radiation, microelements, dog rose
Pages: 179–184

Abstract >>
Concentrations of K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Sr, Cu, Br, Rb, Pb in fruits of dog rose (Rosa canina) collected in areas with various technogenic load: Novosibirsk, Istaravshan City (Tajikistan), Gorny Altai have been determined by the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis using the synchrotron radiation (SRXRF). The highest concentrations of essential elements (K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) have been discovered for samples from Istaravshan City. It has been found that in pulp of plant fruits growing near the highway (Novosibirsk) concentrations of essential elements of K, Mn, Fe are several times lower, in comparison with data for the territory not experiencing the technogenic load (the forest area of Novosibirsk) and the concentration of Pb in them does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (MPC).



12.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials from Hydrocarbon Feedstock Using Ni/SBA-15 Catalyst

I. A. STRELTSOV1, I. V. MISHAKOV1,2, A. A. VEDYAGIN1,2 and M. S. MELGUNOV1,3
1Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 5, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: strel@catalysis.ru
2Novosibirsk State Technical University, Ul. K. Marksa 20, Novosibirsk 630092 (Russia)
3Novosibirsk State University, Ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
Keywords: mesoporous silicates, SBA-15, carbon nanofibers, catalytic decomposition, hydrocarbon feedstock, natural gas, propane, butane, carbide cycle
Pages: 185–192

Abstract >>
A synthesis of carbon nanomaterials was performed via decomposing hydrocarbon feedstock having various compositions (natural gas, propane–butane mixture) at 700 °Ñ using a 20 % Ni/SBA-15 nickel catalyst. As the carrier for nickel catalysts we used mesoporous silicate material SBA-15 with a fixed pore diameter. It has been demonstrated that the preliminary functionalization of the carrier with amino groups provides a high dispersity of nickel particles due to their stabilization within the channels of the mesoporous silicate matrix. The maximal yield of carbon nanomaterials (27 g/gNi) was achieved in case of using a mixture of C3–C4. The product is presented by hollow carbon nanofibers with a diameter of 10–50 nm. The HRTEM method demonstrated that the formation of carbon filaments occurred owing to active centers attached to the outer surface of the carrier. The metal particles located within the pores of the SBA-15 matrix do not participate in the process. An effect of carbon methanation exerted on the yield of a carbon nanomaterial and its morphological features has been studied.



13.
Methane Chlorination on Fibreglass Catalysts

N. V. TESTOVA, E. A. PAUKSHTIS, V. B. GONCHAROV and V. N. PARMON
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 5, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: testova@catalysis.ru
Keywords: fibreglass catalysts, methyl chloride, methane chlorination
Pages: 193–199

Abstract >>
Gas phase methane chlorination in the presence of fibreglass catalysts has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that increasing the acidity of the glass fibres leads to an increase in the selectivity of the formation of methyl chloride. Unlike zeolite catalysts, the fibreglass catalysts are stable and do not get deactivated during several dozens of hours.



14.
Prospects for the Use of the “Wet” Combustion of Organic Wastes in Hydrogen Peroxide for Closed Life Support Systems

S. V. TRIFONOV1,2, YU. A. KUDENKO1, A. A. TIKHOMIROV1,2 and V. V. KLEVETS3
1Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Build. 50, Krasnoyarsk 660036 (Russia)
E-mail: trifonov_sergey@inbox.ru
2Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University, Prospekt Imeni Gazety Krasnoyarskiy Rabochiy 31, Krasnoyarsk 660014 (Russia)
3Siberian State Technological University, Prospekt Mira 82, Krasnoyarsk 660049 (Russia)
Keywords: life support system, mineralization of organic wastes, hydrogen peroxide
Pages: 201–206

Abstract >>
The dynamics of processes of mineralization of basic types of organic wastes of biotechnical systems of bioengineering systems of the life support in the medium containing hydrogen peroxide, under the action of the alternating electric current was described. Time and electroenergy were evaluated, as well as the degree of mineralization of wastes at the regime of oxidation corresponding to the maximally effective transition of mineral elements into the form, available to plants. The reverse dependence between the intensity of the mineralization process and such parameters, as the degree of waste mineralization, effectiveness of H2O2 and energy use was established.