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Chemistry for Sustainable Development

2014 year, number 2

Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials from Hydrocarbon Feedstock Using Ni/SBA-15 Catalyst

I. A. STRELTSOV1, I. V. MISHAKOV1,2, A. A. VEDYAGIN1,2 and M. S. MELGUNOV1,3
1Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 5, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
E-mail: strel@catalysis.ru
2Novosibirsk State Technical University, Ul. K. Marksa 20, Novosibirsk 630092 (Russia)
3Novosibirsk State University, Ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
Keywords: mesoporous silicates, SBA-15, carbon nanofibers, catalytic decomposition, hydrocarbon feedstock, natural gas, propane, butane, carbide cycle
Pages: 185–192

Abstract

A synthesis of carbon nanomaterials was performed via decomposing hydrocarbon feedstock having various compositions (natural gas, propane–butane mixture) at 700 °С using a 20 % Ni/SBA-15 nickel catalyst. As the carrier for nickel catalysts we used mesoporous silicate material SBA-15 with a fixed pore diameter. It has been demonstrated that the preliminary functionalization of the carrier with amino groups provides a high dispersity of nickel particles due to their stabilization within the channels of the mesoporous silicate matrix. The maximal yield of carbon nanomaterials (27 g/gNi) was achieved in case of using a mixture of C3–C4. The product is presented by hollow carbon nanofibers with a diameter of 10–50 nm. The HRTEM method demonstrated that the formation of carbon filaments occurred owing to active centers attached to the outer surface of the carrier. The metal particles located within the pores of the SBA-15 matrix do not participate in the process. An effect of carbon methanation exerted on the yield of a carbon nanomaterial and its morphological features has been studied.