Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2019 number 4

The adaptation of Hedysarum alpinum to different growth conditions in Buryatia is traced by anatomical features of the leaf blade structure. Structural and quantitative changes in the anatomical structure of the leaf are analyzed, and their score is given according to the value of each trait as xeromorphic or mesomorphic.

Variability of pollen fertility and morphometric parameters in natural populations of Lonicera caerulea L. Gorny Altai was studied. Pollen of Lonicera caerulea was characterized by high fertility in various ecological and geographical conditions of the mountain system. Reducing the fertility of pollen grains and a signifi cant change in their morphometry in individual populations of L. caerulea subsp. altaica , located in areas with anomalous geophysical characteristics under the influence of a complex of undifferentiated geological and geophysical factors associated with seismotectonic activity has been established.

On the basis of 132 relevés the syntaxonomical diversity of xeric meadows from Barnaul pine forest strip was described. It is represented by 2 associations, 3 subassociations, 1 variant and 1 community from order Brachypo dietalia pinnati of the class Festuco-Brometea . Two sytaxa were firstly described. Spatial distribution of meadow communities in forest strip structure was shown.

The article presents the results of an original research on the specific of spontaneous vegetation on ash dumps in the forest-steppe zone in the south of West Siberia (Thermal Power Station 5, Novosibirsk, Russia) during the initial 9 years. The grass vegetation prevails: we detected 85 grass species, 8 tree species and 6 moss species. Th e dominating species according to the above-ground phytomass are grasses Phleum pratense , Dactylis glomerata and Agrostis gigantea ; amongst the legumes, Trifolium hybridum and T. pratense ; amongst the forbs, Artemisia dracun culus , A. vulgaris and Cirsium setosum. The vertical structure of the plant communities has the extended type. Th e air-dry phytomass was estimated as 2080 kg/ha for the bent grass-clover community, 3060 kg/ha for the forbsclover-grass community, and 5090 kg/ha for forbs-legumes-grass community with willow and sea buckthorn bushes. The above-ground phytomass exceeds the below-ground one in two communities; the values are equal for the forbs-clover-grass community.

The article deals with the characteristic of Acer species introduced in Novosibirsk and the recommendations on rational use of maples in urban environment. Study of 14 species of the genus Acer shows that A . ginnala and A. tataricum should be recommended for wider use in the city and A . spicatum , A. tegmentosum , A. mono , A. mandshuricum and A. barbinerve for limited use in gardens, parks, andresidential areas. At present A. campestre , A. pseudosieboldianum , A. semenovii show little promise due to low winter hardiness. It is essential to restrict application of the invasive species A . negundo , it should be only used near interregion motorways.

Trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) is one of the of immunity factors, that provide ensures the presence of general nonspecific systemic resistance in angiosperm plants. In the experiment with artificial defoliation, the variability of TIA in leaves of the Siberian endemic species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. ( Fabaceae ) has been studied. Th is is due to its use as a medicinal and fodder. It is shown that TIA in H. theinum leaves in defoliation can be one of the criteria for the adaptive capabilities of the species.

For the first time, the morphogenic potential of three types of Fritillaria meleagris floral explants - tepals, stamens, pistils - was studied to identify the most competent organs for in vitro culture initiation. It has been established, that plant growth regulators and their concentrations were the most significant factors inducing the regeneration process in the explant tissues. B₅ nutrient medium supplemented with BA 0.4 μM, NAA 3.2 μM and IAA 2.3 μM was the most efficient for morphogenesis induction. A tenfold increase of BA content in this media inhibited shoot formation. Using a stereomicroscopy, it was observed that the morphogenesis processes localizes in the proximal parts of the tepals and filaments. Whereas in pistil culture regeneration process occurred across the ovary surface. A comparative assessment of the morphogenic potential revealed that tepals possessed the highest regenerative capacity among the studied types of primary explants.

The cultivation of Astragalus pendulifl orus Lam. hairy roots in the gas-vortex bioreactor “VortexLab-10” in liquid Gamborg-Eveleg medium was tested for the first time. It was shown that under the conditions of the bioreactor, cultures retained the ability to synthesize biologically active compounds (BAC) specific for this species with maintaining the growth activity ( I = 13.2). In addition, the using of gas-vortex bioreactor allowed to increase the content of individual BAC in hairy roots in comparison with shaker culture. The content of tannins increased 2.9 times, carotenoids - 5.9 times.

The Digital Herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of SB RAS began to be created on the taxonomic basis in 2017. Completely digitized herbarium specimens of genera Allium , Geranium , Medicago , Rhododendron , family Primulaceae , rare plants of Siberian flora, as well as type specimens of vascular plants stored in NS and NSK collections at the CSBG SB RAS. The digitization results are published in the open access as 6 datasets on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) portal using the Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) installed on the CSBG server. Digitization is performed on two ObjectScan 1600 scanners (Microtek) using soft ware ScanWizard-Botany and MiVapp-Botany according to the international standards, at 600 dpi, with a barcode, 24-color scale and spatial scale bar. The Digital Herbarium is created as a network resource on biodiversity, the materials of which can be used in GBIF, for taxonomic treatments in the preparation of “Flora of Russia”, in various types of scientific research and educational purposes.