Home – Home – Jornals – Professional Education in the Modern World 2012 number 1

The article discusses the philosophical and psychological features of the subject (the student or the post-graduate student), who makes in his/her life an intelligent professional choice, and also the philosophical specificity of this choice. The author considers the positions of behaviorism and psychoanalysis in relation to human individuality, criticizes behaviorism for inadequate method of research and psychoanalysis for overestimation of unconscious inclinations in the activity of the subject. In the article, by means of the Cartesian doubt method and phenomenological observations, there is presented an understanding of the subject as existential being. The author shows two strategies in human existence: the strategy of a calling to activity and the strategy of inactivity, and also two strategies in professional training of students and post-graduate students. Turning to L. N. Tolstoy’s remarks on higher education allows the author to sharpen the problem of professional self-determination and induces the reader to deeper understanding of the activity of scientist and teacher.