Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2022 number 1

Results of a paleobotanical (paleocarpological) layer-by-layer study of three peat sections located near the Pogorel’skii Bor experimental station operated by the Institute of Forest SB RAS (the interfluve of the Buzim and Sukhoi Buzim rivers) are presented. The study area is located in the transitional zone between subtaiga grassy small-leaved and coniferous forests and the Krasnoyarsk non-zonal forest-steppe. The climate of the region is extreme continental, moderately warm and insufficiently humid. The objects of paleocarpological analysis were macrofossils (macro-residues of fossil plants (generative and vegetative parts of plants)). Data from each section were used to construct carpograms (histograms showing the quantitative distribution of macro-residues in the identified fossil complexes, in accordance with the section stratigraphy). As a result of a comparative analysis of the species composition of paleocarpological complexes, taking into account the data on radiocarbon ¹⁴C dating (nine dates), the evolution of the vegetation cover of the territory of Pogorel’skii Bor was reconstructed by using hypsometric levels and seven time intervals, starting in the second half of the Atlantic period of the Blytt-Cernander chronological scheme of the Holocene. On this basis, digital maps of paleophytocenoses were compiled. An analysis of the formation of vegetation over the last 6000 years has shown that in the first half of the period under consideration the birch-larch forest-steppe with an alternation of shallow lakes prevailed on the territory. The onset of cooling and humidification (5000-3500 BP) contributed to the development of a subaiga forest-vegetation complex with the involvement of dark coniferous species. The subsequent warming (3500-3000 and 1300-800 BP) contributed to the return of forest-steppe and the development of steppe complexes. The leading tree species in the first half of the period under consideration were Siberian larch and birch, and, later, Scotch pine. A decrease in the role of larch, and an enhancement of the position of pine and steppe elements in forest phytocenoses during a later period (300 BP) were caused by climate change as well as by the increased influence of the anthropogenic factor. The regional features of the paleoclimatic regime of Pogorel’skii Bor forest in the latest Holocene are highlighted.