Home – Home – Jornals – Chemistry for Sustainable Development 2019 number 5

The possibility of obtaining a polydisperse porous material from the birch bark bast with subsequent separation into an enterosorbent and a porous substrate is demonstrated. A technological scheme is developed for processing birch bark bast, which allows one to obtain polydisperse porous material with the yield of 43.5 %. It is proposed to use the fraction of the size less than 0.25 mm as an enterosorbent, and the fraction of 0.25-1.0 mm as a porous substrate to obtain biocomposite fertilizers. It was established that the enterosorbent from birch bast is not inferior in its properties to the industrial enterosorbent "Polyphepan" from hydrolytic lignin. It is shown that, on the basis of the porous substrate, it is possible to obtain a complex biocomposite fertilizer with a growth-promoting effect and increased resistance to the washing out of active components by water. Slow leaching of macro- and microelements from the fertilizer determines the effect of its prolonged action. Thus obtained fertilizer is superior in its resistance to leaching of phosphates and potassium to the industrial granular fertilizer brand "Kemira Universal-2". Taking into account the particle size, lignin content and swelling ability, the porous substrate can also be used as a structuring additive in the soil. To obtain porous materials from the birch bark bast for various purposes, the enlarged plant is proposed, which allows processing up to 12 kg of the raw material in one technological cycle.