MODEL OF TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES: FACTORS OF CHOICE
E. V. Kudryashova, S. E. Sorokin
Northern Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Keywords: университет, образование, В«третья миссияВ», предпринимательский университет, инновационный университет, исследовательский университет, корпоративный университет, сетевой университет, University, education, В«third missionВ», entrepreneurial University, innovation University, research University, corporate University, network University
Abstract
Introduction. The research is devoted to the actual problem of development of the Russian system of higher education, its compliance with global trends and challenges, the search for new forms and ways of life of universities in modern Russian conditions. Methodology and methods of the research. The authors analyze the theoretical models of educational institutions of higher education: entrepreneurial, innovative, research, corporate network University, identify their key features. The results of the research. The article considers the experience of these models in foreign countries, as well as the problems of its adaptation in Russian conditions. For example, the key problems of adaptation of the entrepreneurial University model in the Russian environment are the lack of experience of such activities among the teams and University management during the previous periods of work; mutual unwillingness to cooperate on the part of universities and the business sector, enterprises, corporations, a small number of successful practices in this direction; the framework of the existing system of management and financing of universities. The directions of the state policy in the sphere of education aimed at encouraging universities to choose new ways of their development, such as, for example, the implementation of the project on the creation of national research universities or the project «Universities as centers of the space for creating innovations» are highlighted. Conclusion. In conclusion, there are two groups of scenarios that result in the selection of universities models of its transformation under the influence of external factors (the decisions of the management education, the establishment of the University «from scratch» for a specific state or corporate needs, the needs of the region location of University or large corporations) and under the influence of internal factors (conscious choice of the staff and management of the University in favor of a particular model, the traditional specifics of the University, changes in the financing structure, creation of the University «from scratch» for private companies as a business project). The conclusion is made about the need for universities to choose the strategic goals of their develo pment and the specific transformation model by which it will take place.
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