Modification of Structural, Chemical and Process Properties of Rare Metal Minerals under Treatment by High-Voltage Nanosecond Pulses
V. A. CHANTURIA, I. ZH. BUNIN, M. V. RYAZANTSEVA, E. L. CHANTURIA, I. A. KHABAROVA, E. V. KOPORULINA, N. E. ANASHKINA
Academician Melnikov Institute of Integrated Mineral Development, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kryukovskii tupik 4, Moscow, 111020 Russia
Keywords: колумбит, танталит, циркон, полевой шпат, РФЭ-спектроскопия, микроскопия, физико-химические, электрические и флотационные свойства, микротвердость, мощные электромагнитные импульсы, columbite, tantalite, zircon, feldspar, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical properties, electric properties, flotation properties, microhardness, high-power electromagnetic pulses
Abstract
The authors have studied the mechanism of the controlled modification of composition, structure, chemistry, physicochemical and process properties of columbite, tantalite, zircon and feldspar at the meso-, micro- and nanoscales after nonthermal treatment by high-voltage nanosecond electromagnetic pulses. The studies used the methods of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, potentiometric titration, electromigration chromatography, Kelvin probe force microscopy, microhardness metering and assessment of hydrophobic behavior and flotation activity of the minerals. It is found that the change in the chemical state of atoms on the surface of the minerals is mainly connected with the sequential transformation of stages in the process of formation and modification of the functional cover of a mineral surface, with the variation in the ratio of different type hydroxyl groups on the surface of columbite, zircon and feldspar, which conditions contrast physicochemical properties of rare metal minerals and improves selectivity of their separation by flotation.
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