THE TYPES OF TECHNO-SCIENCE» IN THE SECOND PART OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Arkadiy Isaakovich Lipkin, Vladimir Semenovich Fedorov
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
Keywords: технонаука, управление, атомный проект, государство, techno-science, management, nuclear project, state
Abstract
The paper considers how there appears a new and specially managed tight lacing of technics (technology), science and industry, which is called “techno-science”. In this phenomenon, we firstly mark out and analyze the structure of the scientific and technical core of techno-science (TSC) including its own management scheme. To analyze the TSC core, we consider the American nuclear project. Secondly, we show an additional management scheme related to practical realization which greatly differs in the nuclear project case where the state plays the key role and in the case of projects realized by companies like Intel in Silicon Valley in the 1970s where a businessman and his or her relations with an ambient “ecosystem” are the most important elements. These two types we call “techno-science 1” and “techno-science 2” respectively. We study some realizations of techno-science 1 in the USSR and modern Russia and its relations with “big science”.
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