Extreme wildfires in Russia during summertimes of 2010 and 2012: atmospheric transport of black carbon to the Arctic
A.A. Vinogradova1, N.S. Smirnov2, V.N. Korotkov2
1A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per., 3, 119017, Moscow, Russia
2Institute of Global Climate and Ecology of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and Russian Academy of Sciences, Glebovskaya street, 20b, 107258, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: черный углерод, сажа, природные пожары, эмиссии с территории России, дальний атмосферный перенос, Арктика, black carbon, soot, nature forest fires, Russian BC emissions, long-range atmospheric transport, the Arctic
Abstract
Model estimates of black carbon (BC) air concentrations were made for some Arctic points under extreme wildfires in Russia during summertimes of 2010 and 2012. The initial information on monthly burned areas by fires on the territories of Russian administrative units through 2000-2013 were taken from the official site of Federal Forestry Agency of RF (Rosleshoz). These data were converted in BC atmospheric emissions taking into account differences in flora and fire types. Atmospheric BC concentrations in the Arctic were calculated with the help of back-trajectory statistics for five arctic points situated on Kola Peninsula, in the south-east of Arkhangelsk area, and at Nenetsky, Gydansky, Ust’-Lensky Nature Reserves. Specific circulation conditions in the atmosphere accompanying extreme fires can decrease transport efficiency from fire territories to the Arctic points. BC air concentrations are minimal in the north-western areas of European Russia and near Ust’-Lensky Nature Reserve. The region near Nenetsky Nature Reserve (in the north-eastern part of Europe) is polluted by BC from fires maximally. At the same time, the north-western areas of Siberia are mainly polluted by BC from anthropogenic emissions. Intense wildfires in Siberia and Yakutiya can increase BC air concentrations in summertime in the North of the Asian part of Russia. The results of the work may be used as qualitative estimates in comparative climatic or ecological analysis for different arctic regions.
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