CONDITION OF FOREST CROPS AND SOIL COVER AT RECLAIMED DUMP OF COAL MINE
V. A. Androkhanov1,2, O. G. Berlyakova1
1Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Prospekt Akademika Lavrent’eva, 8/2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
2Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Molodeznaya Str., 1, Barnaul, 656038 Russian Federation
Keywords: растительность, почвы, эмбриоземы, нарушенные земли, рекультивация, мониторинг, почвенно-экологическое состояние, Кузбасс, vegetation, soils, embryozems, disturbed lands, reclamation, monitoring, soil-ecological condition, Kuznetsk Basin
Abstract
The investigation of processes of recovery of disturbed land at the urban areas is a new, urgent problem for industrialized centers. Currently disturbed areas where recovery operations are conducted by various reclamation technologies are within the city of Novokuznetsk area in Kuznetsk Basin. Monitoring investigations to determine their environmental condition and the level of natural ingredients recovery have not been conducted at these areas until recently. The lack of such information does not allow efficient analysis of the conducted reclamation activities and determination of the prospects for recovery and further use of such land. The paper presents the results of an investigation of forest plantations and areas with natural revegetation of disturbed areas, and the complex of soil studies to determine the basic physical and agrochemical characteristics of young soils formed on the disturbed surface is conducted. Based on these studies the vegetation and soil cover were characterized and the soil-ecological condition of the reclaimed areas from the 1970’ stailings pile of «Baidaevskij» coal mine was assessed. As a result of reclamation activities, the sites with different plant communities are formed at the tailings pile surface. Botanic composition at the reclaimed areas represented species able to operate successfully in a technogenic landscapes. Because the grand dump territory is reclaimed by the forest approach the statement of forest is characterized by the special aspects, such as high density of planting with little crown density, high opacity and low level of stable forest recovery. The tailings pile sites reclaimed by different methods are characterized by specific soil-ecological condition, which can be used to assess the efficiency of reclamation. Soil-ecological assessment of the conducted reclamation efficiency is carried out on the basis of assessment of the soil, formed on the surface of the disturbed area. The more developed phytocoenosis formed in more developed soil areas, and therefore the better soil-ecological condition takes place after reclamation activity. The main tailings pile area is characterized by the satisfactory and good soil-ecological condition. This demonstrates that the currently formed natural-technogenic complex successfully functions that allows this area to carry out protection functions within the territory of city.
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