Home – Home – Jornals – Professional Education in the Modern World 2012 number 2

Among the basic modern tendencies of the world development that condition the essential changes in the education system, there are: acceleration of the society development and, as a consequence, the necessity of preparing people for the life in quickly changing conditions; transition to postindustrial, information society, significant expansion of the scales of intercultural interactions, in connection with which a special importance is acquired by the factors of communicative skills and tolerance. The attention of the author is to the issues of emergence and aggravation of global problems which can be solved only as a result of cooperation within the international community, and also to the questions of widening the opportunities of political and social choice; to the problems of dynamical development of economy, the deep structural changes in the industrial sphere, which result in the constant need of increasing the professional qualification and retraining of workers, their professional mobility growth.

To bring up the citizens, thinking in a new fashion, it is necessary for the state to set the correct strategic goals and find the optimal means of their achievement. Formation of innovative society and formation of education system mutually condition each other, and they are two sides of a single social process. In the article, there are considered two strategies of development of higher professional education.

It is expedient to distinguish among the social bases the world tendencies of development caused by globalization and transition to a postindustrial, information society, and the internal Russian conditions and factors of education functioning, which are the result of transition to a new social order, profound changes of the entire sociocultural space (social-economic, political, national relations, the situation in science, the entire spiritual sphere of public life). These modern social tendencies and factors of the society development cardinally change the purposes, contents and technologies of education.

In the article there is revealed the economic image of the future world. The assumption is made that the economic development is on its own a self-regulating system. The global financial activity has turned out to be outside of any state both public control, and the world acquires new features and new forms. In the opinion of the author, globalization will come to an end, and there be other post-global time, in which the main actor of history will be the post-person with his/her values, traditions, habits and the world picture.

The article is devoted to discussing the following issue: what kind of educational space should be there in the institution of higher polytechnical education? In this connection, there is studied the role of the philosophy of education in overcoming the systemic crisis of modern civilization; there are considered the practical measures, which the philosophy of education can offer. There is underlined the necessity of optimization of the adaptation capabilities of the engineer in the process of practical problems solving and realization of his/her creative potential.

In the article, there are considered the phenomenological ideas of the dialogue between philosophy and pedagogy of today. There are shown the statuses, modes and types of linking between phenomenology and the practice of education and upbringing, sociocultural and axiological problems of moderneducation. Its philosophical and anthropological essence, cognition and gnoseological aspects of the process of education and up-bringing are shown. The fundamental concepts of phenomenology such as “experience”, “intentionality”, “horizons of mentality”, “emotion”, “phenomenological reduction”, “intersubjectivity”, “the world of vitality” and others are interpreted from the pedagogical point of view. There is formulated a categories-and-conceptions system including “methodology of education”, “paideutics”, ”aesthesis”, “ideatics”, “locus of reflection” as well as the principles of the phenomenology of education: “unity of all living”, “individual genesis of life”, “self-individualization” and “cognition creativity”. There are presented innovative methods of teaching the socio-humanitarian and artaesthetical disciplines.

There are studied in the article various approaches to the educational space modeling. On the basis of qualitative and quantitative analysis, there is presented an original approach to modeling the polycultural educational space for the children of preschool and school age. It has become a reference point in working out and realization of the essence of education integrated with polycultural and universal human values.

In the article, there are analyzed the questions of fundamentalization of modern domestic education. It is noted that the reality of modern education is manifoldness of programs which set different prospects to both the education and pedagogical thought. There is emphasized the necessity of significant reorganization of the entire philosophical methodological foundation of modern education. In author’s opinion, to solve these problems, there is needed active interaction between the academic science and the science of the higher education system.

In the article there is raised a question about the compatibility of the present reforms to our basic cultural stereotypes and pedagogical foundations. The European education system is aimed at preparation of the competitive participant of the manufacturing process. The educational tradition of the Russia and East has for its purpose the formation of the socialized human person, capable of establishing harmony with his/her own conscience and surrounding Nature. A comparison of two educational systems reveals their fundamental divergences; therefore, the Westernization will not make the Russian education more efficient.

This article presents a social-philosophical analysis of the tendency of development of Russia. The division of the society into types has a centuries-old history. Any concept of management of the society assumes a certain specificity of the corresponding society’s sociality, in view of which the managerial process is presented as appropriate to the life of the society. Historically, Russia has found its realization in the collectivist forms of life of the Russian people, which provides the system’s integrity and stability of the Russian society. On the contrary, the Western societies live according to the individual sociality, and its basic standards are equality and freedom. The transition from one type of a society to another type is a fatal step in the development of this society; it is a reassessment of values, change of the lifestyle and mentality.

In the present article two methodological problems are analyzed: 1) variability of definition of the subject of political science in Russia; 2) variability of hypothetical model of the specialist in the field of political science in Russia.

In the article, there is conducted an analysis of the domestic history of development of educational policy. The state has always acted as the basic subject of management in the political system of the Russian society. The state has provided social and cultural, organizational and mental foundations of the educational process. There are especially emphasized the fallaciousness of the modern educational policy directed on entering the world educational space through blind copying of the Western models and standards without taking into account the national particularities, the lack of deep studying of the Russian experience and achievements in education, the destruction of the national specificity and educational traditions.

The article deals with the development of Humanities in European education in the period of Renaissance, where the key role belonged to humanism and anthropocentrism, which gave a boost to the progress of humanitarian knowledge. The article’s purpose is to consider the social-cultural aspects and some changes in intellectual life that influenced the formation of Humanities (history, ancient languages, rhetoric, poetics, moral philosophy and so on). The author analyzes this process both from the standpointof university tradition (the department of free arts) and from the standpoint of humanists’activity, influenced the character of European education.

The article discusses the philosophical and psychological features of the subject (the student or the post-graduate student), who makes in his/her life an intelligent professional choice, and also the philosophical specificity of this choice. The author considers the positions of behaviorism and psychoanalysis in relation to human individuality, criticizes behaviorism for inadequate method of research and psychoanalysis for overestimation of unconscious inclinations in the activity of the subject. In the article, by means of the Cartesian doubt method and phenomenological observations, there is presented an understanding of the subject as existential being. The author shows two strategies in human existence: the strategy of a calling to activity and the strategy of inactivity, and also two strategies in professional training of students and post-graduate students. Turning to L. N. Tolstoy’s remarks on higher education allows the author to sharpen the problem of professional self-determination and induces the reader to deeper understanding of the activity of scientist and teacher.

Two models of education are studied in the article: the traditional and the modern, where the latter is supposed to gain a foothold as a result of reforms. Revealing the principal differences between them, the authors establish that at the foundation of the traditional educational model there is the teacher, whereas the modern model is more oriented towards the independence of students. The authors try to figure out whether the creation of the new model is necessary, and whether its implementation will lead to attaining the goals declared by the authors of the reform, which is the creation of a generation of creative persons, able to think critically.

The article deals with the problem of the first-year students’ adaptation to the environment of the higher education institution. The results of the investigation presented by the authors yield a model of the optimal first-year students’ adaptation. Several concrete practical recommendations connected with the phenomenon have been worked out for the university stuff professional training. More precise definition of the key notion is offered.

In the paper, there studied the problem of professional training in the modern conditions of reforming the system of higher education. The attention is focused on the fact that today the necessity of active innovative development of the science system forms new innovative approaches to the organization of system of higher education; there is a pressing question of either choosing new or preserving traditional forms and methods of the expert training. It is emphasized that there are needed such forms and methods that will allow solving with the greatest economic efficiency the most complicated socialproblems arising in new social conditions.

The article reveals some philosophical aspects of the health-improving engagement in physical training. For the first time, there is presented in the article a dialectic approach to the health-improving training. The health correction trend is represented through the law of unity and struggle of the opposites, the law of transition from quantity to quality, and the law of negation. The author notes that the development of the moving abilities is built from the simple to the complicated not only in physical training but also in the health-improving physical training. Solving pedagogical problems, the author reveals the main conceptions of the health-improvement philosophical categories.

The article deals with some aspects of innovative education content modeling on the basis of the “Russian traditional culture” educational course, which is connected with the all-round development of the integral personality. Approaching education through the theory of invariant pragmatic arrangement for educational content will serve as a basis of creating integrated education process in the schools of the Russian traditional culture.

Globalization of education is a qualitatively new phenomenon, which essence is the concentration of economic, financial, political power in the hands of multinational corporations, subjugation of education to their interests. There gains momentum the tendency of suppression and submission of the educational systems that are developing outside of the influence zone of the leading corporations. There takes place the process of purposeful globalization pressure on the opponent education systems for the purpose of their deformation, which is supposed to ensure that the leading countries preserve their leadership.

The article reveals the specificities of correlation between life and professional self-determination of the representatives of various social groups. The author analyzes the images of the desired future and the future to be avoided in its correlation with the hierarchy and structure of the needs determined by the professional and life purposes. The integrity of the life and professional self-determination processes finds its confirmation in the empirical research of the author. This considerably corrects the theoretical understanding of modern psychology. The study of this problem enables us to look differently at the formation of orientation of the personality development in the domestic training and upbringing.

In the article, there are considered the choice options of the most acceptable communication channels for the system of professional support of the personnel specialists.

A social institute of the society plays a major role in the civilization development. In these conditions, education as a social institute is directed to spiritual integration of the community and is an answer to the challenges of time. To carry out modernization in the country, it is necessary to raise the level of education.

In the article, there is presented substantiation of the need to realize a system of continuous support of the personnel experts at the agricultural enterprises of Russia. There are shown the results of questioning of the personnel managers, who participated in the qualification improvement courses at the Altay Institute of Improvement of Professional Qualification of the Agriculture Leaders and Experts.

The authors have developed and numerically implemented 3D model of evolution of geomechanical and hydrodynamic fields during deep borehole drilling. The modeling exercises showed low-permeable zone of irreversible deformations that appear under definitely interrelated rock strength properties, drilling mud pressure and in situ horizontal stresses in borehole environment. These low-permeable irreversible-deformation zones give rise to angular anisotropy of distribution of water content and drilling mud resistivity in the flushed zone, which greatly affects readings of geophysical logging and must be considered in the logging data inversion.

The article reports the integrated assessment of natural stresses in rock mass in the Nurkazgan Mine. The visual observation of underground excavations and instrumental measurements of effective stresses denote the hydrostatic stress state within the studied minefield. The article shows the deformation-wave behavior of geomechanical processes induced by coal production face advance. The enclosing rock mass response is interpreted as the formation of hierarchy of geomedium elements in the continuum subject to excess elastic energy behind the front of the vertical stress decrease. Parameters of the physical model of the process are given in terms of mine-technical situations.

Based on the constructed geomechanical model of the pneumatic borer and soil body interaction and using the finite element method, the authors solve the problem on the stress state in the soil body inclosing moving pneumatic percussion machine, considering variation of physico-mechanical properties of soil. The experimentally measured and calculated relative accelerations of acoustic field depending on the machine orientation in soil are compared.

The article discusses development of two successive axially symmetric hydraulic fractures in line with well. Shapes of the surfaces of the second hydrofracture that propagates in the stress field initiated by the first hydrofracture are modeled, and the pressure for the second fracture to grow is calculated. The authors assess impact area of the first hydrofracture, analyze options of the second hydrofracture curving and derive formula of the second hydrofracture curving.

The review of laser application in mining is followed by discussion of experimental treatment of carbonate rocks by the continuous fiber-optic yutterbium laser radiation at output capability of 600 W. Local disintegration of carbonate rocks is estimated with a view to show the possibility and practicability of laser-aided means and technologies in mineral mining and processing.

Design parameters of a balanced air sealing device are substantiated. Different design synchronizers are tested with an eye to ensure joint operation of air sealing devices. The article describes laboratory studies of operation modes of an air sealing device and different design synchronizers.

The authors have studied theoretically and experimentally dynamics of mine hydro-pneumatic accumulators and give grounds for a hydro-pneumatic accumulator design for stable and elevated pressure maintenance in a mine compressed air network as compared to a compressed-air plant.

The authors anlyze conditions and factors that influence coal pitwall stability and substantiate applicability of electrical tomography for their exploration. Experimental studies of physico-mechanical properties of the Bikinsky brown-coal pitwall rocks are reported. The article proposes a procedure for electrical tomography exploration of weak layers and lentils within geological column.

The authors illustrate efficient adaptability of aerodynamic characteristics of main mine fans to changes in mine vent modes in the course of mine’s operating life by using fan impellers with replaceable sheet blades of different aerodynamic configurations.

It is proposed to apply nanosized Au and Pt particles to ground mineral particles for the analysis of flotation and adsorptive properties of new reagents. The authors have obtained specimens of pyrite, arsenopyrite and quartz artificially enriched by nanosized gold particles. Reductive adsorption from Na₂[PtCl₆] and Na[AuCl₄] produced pyrrhotine uniformly applied by microsize platinum particles. The article discusses the application range of the proposed techniques and methods of examination of specimens and interaction between reagents and micro- and nanosized gold and platinum particles depending on the conditions of sulfide treatment by the noble metals and properties of host mineral. Advanced integrated analysis of interaction between the nitrogen-bearing reagent MTKh and gold confirmed chemically induced selectivity of MTKh toward gold.

The authors experimentally compared collecting properties of diisobutyl dithiophosphinate (DDP), butyl and isobutyl xanthate, and diisobutyl and dibutyl dithiophosphate relative to pyrite, chalcopyrite and other sulfides. It was found that pyrite adsorption grew in nonfrothing flotation with all the listed collecting agents. The nonfrothing pyrite flotation by DDP showed higher rates of adsorption and flotation as against butyl xanthate. The ratio of DDP and butyl xanthate flotation rate constants was 1.19, which agreed with the ratio of the adsorption rate constants of 1.18 in nonfrothing flotation. The low selectivity of dithiophosphinates toward sulfide ores is explained.

Complexing processes between modified diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and copper, iron and gold ions in solution, as well as adsorption of modified solution at auriferous pyrite and arsenopyrite are analyzed using the ultraviolet spectroscopy, scanning electron and laser microscopy. The research shows that modified DDC forms partial water soluble compounds with gold and is selective toward auriferous pyrite and arsenopyrite as compared to xanthate.

The article reports research findings on flotation of apatite from brazilite–apatite–magnetite ore by domestic and foreign manufacture reagents. The agents Phospholan PE65 and Arcomon SO exhibit higher selectivity as compared to saponified tall oil fatty acids.

The authors carried out molecular modeling of clusters of simple structure and ring structure pyrite. It is suggested to analyze bonding of a collecting agent and cluster atom using the collector capacity forecasting index. It is shown that butyl dixanthate more vigorously connects to cluster atoms than thionocarbamates, e.g., Z 200 and IETNC. Analysis of the charge transfer in interaction of pyrite and the listed collecting agents shows that in monodentate bonding the charge is transferred from the mineral to the collector sulfur atoms and in bidentate bonding the classical transfer of the charge from the collector donor to the mineral acceptor is observed. It is supposed that ferrum xanthate decompounding in an acid medium results in inception of dixanthates that govern pyrite flotation. Pyrite oxidation and elemental sulfur formation also favor pyrite flotation and complicate pyrite depression in an alkaline medium.

The articles considers experimental research findings on phase composition of ferrous and nonferrous metal industry slag, morphological structure and physico-mechanical properties of individual phases of slag with the aim to evaluate selectivity of their disclosure along intergrowth boundaries in impact crushing machines. The authors validate disintegration selectivity criterion for slag treatment in centrifugal impact crushers in the form of the ratio of microhardnesses of the slag phases.

In the article, the outcomes of quantitative estimation of adsorption centers of composite backfill components and their alteration by grinding are presented. The derived correlating equation for ferruginous quartzite wet magnetic separation residue confirms the mineral dispersiveness and surface activity association.