Home – Home – Jornals – Professional Education in the Modern World 2015 number 2

Contemporary Russian socio-humanistic cognition is experiencing an active process of foundation the integrative science of education, which complies with general laws of integration and differentiation of scientific knowledge. The phenomenon of education includes issues transformed in different historic contexts, while conforming to their specific space and time. The problem of interaction between education and culture in a wider context both prevails over and determines the strategic trends of developing the integrative science of education. The most general principle of interaction between education and culture can be defined as follows: the system of education and culture have to conform to each other. The information revolution has fueled a new type of sociocultural organization - a culture of information society. The research is aimed at explicating the main aspects of interaction between education and culture that determine the strategic trends of developing the integrative science of education. The article reviews the role of philosophy of education in the integrative science of education and provides the detailed analysis of the following trends in the integrative science of education: - the problem of shaping and rendering the cultural and spiritual values; - changes in sociocultural environment and the problem of preserving a personality; - the problem of daily awareness development; - the problem of philosophy of education foundation; - development of compensatory mechanism in carrying out variative and level-based education; - development of pedagogical experiment theory. The paper makes conclusion that these strategic trends surround the primary attractor which is the problem of forming new human being mentality, who is able to communicate volitionally in the information society and be preserved as a personality either. In this context, the problem of keeping and rendering the value core of Russian education that preserves a personality and ensures further progressive development of modern Russia is the major challenge of integrative science of education.

The author declares, modern education is intended to be an assertion and action; and concepts of moderntimes are characterized by interest in the unrendering of religious experience, language, dictionary, mentality, which has greatly to do with education. The article provides an analysis of the interaction between uncertainty phenomenon and the ideas of cosmism in educational discourse. Uncertainty is considered as an event and reflection. This gives the opportunity to understand not only the ontological, epistemic and ethico-aesthetic aspects of uncertainty, but also to outline the prospects in the field of education, which is associated primarily with the construction of a systemic and holistic picture of education in dialogue with the ideas of cosmism. Cosmism as the thought event focuses on approving educational action. In cosmism correlated religious values and the projective thoughts, images and ideas of philosophy, natural science views, prose and poetry. The article presents semantic and categorical analysis of images and concepts that arise in topological unity of uncertainty and cosmism. Because the concept of uncertainty is invariant significant for group and personal self-actualization of social actors, a concept explored in the context of cosmism, with the utmost fulness of ideas about the Genesis of society and the individual. Ultimately, the topic of uncertainty facing the problem of overcoming of postmodern relativism and the constructive comprehension of the meanings of the generic unity of philosophy and new educational programs.

The advanced education system should be capable not only to train students, but also to shape the necessity in lifelong self-studying self-education skills and knowledge and personal creative approach to the knowledge. There is much tension about the issue of educational quality improvement and specialists training corresponding to the modern society requirements in the social life. The Government of the Kyrgyz Republic endorsed many important documents in order to solve these problems. They endorsed “The National strategy of sustainable development in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2013-2017” of January 14, 2013, which contained “Any even the most advanced content of education will be absolutely not necessary if new technologies in education aren't applied. It is necessary for secondary education, vocational training and higher education to focus on training of specialists of new generation in the sphere of information and communication technologies that can become one of the key factors defining the subsequent accelerated development of economy, science and culture in the future” [1, P. 42]. The tasks mentioned above require the vast reforming of higher professional education. Thus, reforming of education and its compliance with the requirements of Bologna Process defines purposes of its integration in the international educational standard.

The paper pays attention to complicated problems occurred due to the modern reforms in education and declares they have much in common. This similarity is systematic and takes place due to changes in society. Education movement is one of the components of the similarity mentioned above. It reveals as a social common good to the individual one. This tendency was described by the authors in the article published in the previous volume of journal “Professional education in the modern world”. The authors attempt to consider one of the main ways of this “movement” which is transformation of education from an individual good to a service. The authors consider education as educational service and it stipulates the statement that reproductive education is based on economic factor and not the cultural one. Educational space is considered as educational service market and educational subjects (state, civil society, family and individual) are reviewed as subjects of economic relations. The publication adheres to the opinion that this process is like modernization of “factory” education interaction and not its exact new model. That is why the process leads to destructions in sense and values of educational space belonging to individual and family and to the state educational policy inappropriate for requirements of VI technological mode.

The paper stipulates, that theory of national security is based on the classical canons of philosophical culture, its main achievements that are always theoretical, methodological and praxeological basis in all the spheres of human activity. The nature of existence and development of society assumes implementation of the fundamental forces, revealing social basic needs, interests and productive forces. Applying of the forces mentioned above leads to selective attitude to the world revealed in differences and conditions of its existence and sustainable development. It should be mentioned, that focusing on national security issues should be followed by the fact that the prevailing trend in building a legal state must assume changing the vector from the state security towards the public safety. This attitude focuses on the real conditions. The society defines the goals of its activity, which perform as ideals when implementing the productive forces and needs. Achievement of the goals is followed by searching the efficient means, which are found among the real conditions. The real social situation only can lead to safety and security. The origin implies realization of the phenomenon of national security. Nowadays, national security assumes qualified human resources as the technological security and safety is impossible without human resources and scientific developments and social security is impossible without education and science reviewed as fundamentals; environmental safety can be achieved by means of mental development and new culture of survival. Neither social systems nor a country can develop efficiently without a system of values, as the nation with no values becomes the crowd. Education takes the first places in people’s values. No doubts, the person should be considered as the most important one in the problems of security as the human security defines the extent the national security and social security are close to the efficient standards. Thus, the prominence of any country is determined by people education.

This article deals with a problem of integration of Russian higher professional education into the Western European educational space. The European countries signing an agreement in Bologna represent one of four or five world centers on economy, politics and social spheres. Therefore, the processes that take place towards the auspices of the Bologna process have an influence on the global education system to great extent. Russia joined this process officially; however, currently the secondary and higher institutions are experiencing difficulties associated due to this transformation. The article is a bibliographic review of documents and scientific articles regulating the activities in the field of higher education reform and reflecting the development of the Bologna Process. The article examines the factors affecting the integration of the Russian system of higher professional education in the Western European educational space. The essence of the problem implies that, Russia reforms the own system of higher professional and secondary education focusing on Western Europe, adopting the Western European model of higher education and does not take into consideration the mentality of the Russian people, doesn’t keep all the best it is and was in the national education system. Moreover, it is necessary to take into account that in contrast to Western European countries, where they held a preparatory stage before signing the Bologna Declaration, Russia entered the Bologna process without discussing it in public. The scientific novelty of this article assumes analyzing of the Bologna process from the point of social and philosophic theory, in which the essence of the Bologna process reveals as a modern form of integration of the Western European higher education, and it identifies the specific characteristics of aforesaid process in the early 10s XXI century. The author concludes that it is important to carry out the reform of the higher professional education taking into account the features of the mentality of the Russian people, keeping the national traits of Russian classical education. It is necessary to discuss decision-making global changes with the academic community and the public, giving the trends that affect negatively the successful integration into the Western European educational space.

The article deals with dynamics of scientific knowledge criteria and their significance for modern education. The author sets the task to determine the division of knowledge from the point of view of its inclusion in the curriculum of higher institution and correspondence to the requirements of scientific position and identify the danger of penetration of quasiscientific learning in education. The research methods include the principles of historicism and objectivity, methodical, systematic and objectiveness of knowledge. The author applies the method of comparative analysis and considers scientific development from the beginning of XI century. Thus, he reviews two criteria levels distinctions in scientific and pre-scientific knowledge; they are scientific level and methodological one that are common for science and methodology. The paper reveals the weak points by means of which quasiscientific learning could influence the educational process. The author explains the necessity to develop the defence mechanisms for modern education from quasiscientific influences. The article makes conclusion that the formation of scientific knowledge criteria is a nonlinear process. Therefore, these criteria are constantly being clarified and supplemented under the influence of science and philosophical concepts. Various philosophical and scientific schools offered and offer their own scientific criteria. This resulted in the criteria recognized by the scientific community and which form the scientific “defence mechanism”. The mechanism is aimed at keeping scientific holism and scientific professional education.

The paper defines the means of informatization in education and didactic support. The author describes its structure and content and defines the semantics of the word “development”. He underlines the scientific approaches applied in development of didactic support, stages of development of didactic support and results of experimental training by means of didactic support.

The article reveals the peculiarities of prospective teachers subjectivization, which is revealed in necessity in self-development, self-actualization and which “triggers” the process of ontological personality becoming that depends on student’s potential considered as an intention to be oneself. Personal self-becoming is considered as a process of learning to learn (valuable-semantic relations) which assumes learning the standards of pedagogics. It explains the search for new ways and innovations in order to satisfy the students’ needs in their progressive self-modification and self-actualization revealed as a tangible embodiment of personality modification and activity by means of professional potential updating. The author considers the professional potential to be an inner and creative human power, which is revealed as an ability to self-organization of personal modification and professional modification in order to be skillful. The author suggests, subjectivization implies the potential of making oneself and surrounding environment; the extent the personal abilities are revealed influences the career of prospective teacher and teaching skills which are the factors of professional self-actualization. The research results demonstrate the leading factors of prospective teachers’ subjectivization; they are reflexing as a realization of professional activity, self-esteem as a transformation of professional significance to the values and self-comprehension as an ability to volitional professional activity and behavior. They are developed by means of educational space containing creative work as a development method of students’ creativity. The programme of creative work implemented in Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University included the lessons “I am in the world of teachers”, “Heuristic fundamentals of pedagogical activity”, “Creative acmeology declares about the stages of creativity process in pedagogical activity”, “Outlooks of prospective creative pedagogical activity”, “Dynamics of values in pedagogical activity”, “Personal identity in pedagogical creativity”. The programme reveals the stages of students’ subjectivization and can be applied as an educational space for creativity of a prospective future.

The article considers the existing contradiction between the needs of the state in increasing the number of citizens engaged in entrepreneurial activities, and teachers work on development of basic entrepreneurial skills among students of secondary schools by the means of the subject “Technology”. Taking into account the expert experience in the area of entrepreneurship, the paper defines three main skills which are necessary for the pupil in order to run business. They include a skill to define the prices for goods, a skill to provide services or perform activities; a skill in the development of network technology of performing work or services; a skill in selecting the best instruments. The article suggests changing the methods applied at the lessons on “Technology” in order to build the skills mentioned above and developing pupils. The author supposes, studying any technological process should start with defining the price for prospective “commodity” as a goal of all the technological process. When pupils clarify the final goal they understand the necessity of applying industrial technologies as the fastest mean to achieve the goal and necessity of applying operating tools for technological process automatization. The author suggests the visual academic method as an auction with a price increase, and the peculiarities of its organization. The publication describes the developed “Guidelines on conducting classes on “Technology for pupils of 5-8 grades” which contains network diagrams and describes the technology of goods production and services that are studied by students in the framework of the subject “Technology”. The subject implies specific cost each operation in the overall cost of the final product, goods or services. The author explains the methods of organizing and conducting educational auctions.

The article is devoted to the issue of implementation of concentrated training a foreign language in a non-linguistic higher institution. The author considers organizational foundations, pedagogical peculiarities and didactic conditions of concentrated training in order to increase the effectiveness of building the students’ foreign language communicative competence. Concentrated training has variability in the use that can be adapted to conditions of non-linguistic higher institution. The paper reflects two variants of concentrated training applied in the research; they are specifically concentrated teaching as potentially the most effective option and a combination of concentrated training and traditional teaching which is more accessible for practical implementation in a non-linguistic higher institution. The publication describes the experience of implementing the concentrated training the foreign language in the non-linguistic institution of higher education. The author declares development and application of didactic-methodical support of concentrated training as a means of building the foreign language communicative competence of students trained in non-linguistic higher institutions. The contents of the subject “Foreign Language” is designed as a series of meaningful units. List of topics is transformed into a list of modules and module content is implemented as a set of learning units with each of them representing the contents of a long training session lasting six to eight semester hours. The methodology of the long training session was developed in accordance with the daily mental performance of students, variety of forms and learning activities applied allowed to avoid fatigue. The concentrated training session resulted in significant timesavings as opposed to traditional training and thus it methodologically contributed to academic activity. The paper reveals the experimental work and results it has demonstrated, exactly increase of the students’ foreign language communicative competence which proved the overall efficiency of concentrated training.

The paper declares that modern higher professional education is aimed at building the vast professional expertise of graduates. That is why higher institutions are interested in training competitive specialists for the modern labor market. The article reveals the fact that graduates are to develop the new professional skills while being trained; job training is one of the most prominent components in training students in higher institutions. Job training provides combination of theoretical training and its practical applying. It allows students gaining professional knowledge and skills as well as the experience of applied training. Job training is aimed at upgrading students’ training taking into account the employers’ recommendations. The employers determine the peculiarities of students’ training in frames of job training and real industry. Nowadays, there is a serious gap between theoretical training of young lawyers and employers' requirements to the level of their readiness to solve the real professional problems. Therefore, higher education should be targeted at interaction with prospective employers for efficient implementation of students’ job training in order to build the professional competence of prospective lawyers. The main goal of job training is to apply the knowledge gained when studying theoretical subjects. The tasks and goals mentioned above are achieved by means of training in the regular courts and the Court of Arbitration in Novosibirsk region. As a result of practical training, students acquire practical skills, abilities and professional competence.

Mastering the art of accumulated knowledge by mankind could not take place spontaneously, outside of any organized system. The function of creating an education system assumes the state policy in the field of education and defines the structure and relationship of the elements of this system and directions (outlooks) of its development. The modernization of military education in Russia is an objective social need, as a response to challenges of the twenty-first century. Russia's civilized development like others involved in the process of globalization is to build the foundations of the information society. In such circumstances there is an objective need for the modernization of social institutions including the Institute of military education and science. Knowledge and skills are the key expertise of the modern system of education, training and retraining. In this context, training of highly qualified military specialists, and modernization of military education and sciencean the requirements of the time. Science has always paved the way towards humanity. Military science as its integral part is ahead of development of military affairs, determines the direction and future features of the armed forces, the realities. Dynamics of development of military affairs in the world, the introduction of achievements of military science into day-to-day operations and combat use of troops, the improvement of military technology, as well as the scope of the military preparations of the leading countries in the world and exacerbation of the military-political situation in a number of regions make clear that it is impossible to train the modern officer using the old baggage, largely inherited from the Soviet army and intended for very different realities. This applies to both military and doctrinal views and technical base of training.

The article is devoted to the development of marketing activities in the institutions of further training. The paper points out the role of marketing activities in terms of reforming the education system. The issues of development of further training moves to implementation of the marketing instruments in institution management. The authors suppose the choice of marketing activities as a development strategy allows responding efficiently the changes occurred at the labour market, and therefore the market of educational services. The publication describes specific procedure of marketing service to transfer to the new strategy. The departments responsible for marketing in institutions of further training are to develop the programmes of institution promotion and promotion of its services at the market. The departments are to focus on communication, informing the prospective consumers and making the image of additional professional education institutions. The publication points out the tasks on ensuring the marketing philosophy in each process, activity and a client in further training institution. They are keeping clients, customers satisfaction and their loyalty, developing the clients motivation to system applying of educational services.

The author analyzes the content and meaning of further training in terms of agribusiness integration and cooperation in the Altai Territory. The paper studies the specific features of further training and scientific and educational space of Russia, in terms of integration and cooperation of agriculture, which is currently the most urgent. The formation of integration corporate structures in agribusiness is an important feature of global transformation at agricultural market as it is carried out in order to solve efficiently the problem of innovative sustainability of agricultural enterprises, to carry out further training and research in this field. Under these circumstances, methodology of guidance development on integration structures aimed at solving problems of professional, educational, research and innovative activity is of great demand. Over the entire period of market reforms, peasant farms, private farms that make the individual family agricultural sector, small agricultural enterprises and their integrated associations have become an integral part of a diversified rural economy and the national economy as a whole. The fundamental objective of cooperative enterprises or organizations is not only to maximize profits, but also improve the profitability of farms, as well as providing human resource capacity of these subjects. Thus, this paper declares the role of further training in terms of agribusiness integration and cooperation in the Altai Territory.

The article reveals the issues of innovation technology introduction into educational process of higher institution that emphasizes motivation needs of students and teachers, and focuses on the special educational conditions, taking into account the individual characteristics of the individual. The paper analyzes scientific psychological and pedagogical literature and reveals the problems of innovation technology introduction into educational process of higher institution. This article reveals the contradictions between the theory-targeted education and graduates’ implementation of the acquired knowledge in professional area. Modern processes in the field of education, socio-economic conditions of society define sustainable development of the entire education system, which is not conceivable without innovation, but associated with certain difficulties; they are drastic changes in academic subjects; teachers awareness of necessity in transformations and changes; psychological readiness of all the subjects of educational process for innovations in education; possession and active applying by teachers self-cognition approaches, self-esteem and self-development; communicative competence of teachers; socio-psychological and emotional climate in institutions, etc. The author declares two main areas of introduction of innovative technologies into educational process of the university which allows to carry out this activity more efficiently; they are preparation for students’ acquisition of knowledge by means of modern technologies; readiness of teachers to knowledge transfer by means of approaches and ways of thinking which allow to see relations between the studied objects. The article considers the framework of developmental teaching and emphasizes the relevance of introducing principles and didactic foundations of concepts in the educational process. The author pays great attention to issues of continuity of higher education and requirements of an employer to graduates who expressed a demand for it in the level of communication, the level of formation of professional competencies, mental flexibility and level of intelligence.

The article deals with the technological aspect of the Infolingustic system of the cadets’ intellectual and creative abilities development in higher education. The paper reveals the role of all person life activity spheres informatization and foreign language skills improving in solving the problem. The information aspect manifests in the fact that the world information field as a set of the knowledge about the surrounding world becomes available through ICTs usage. The development of the technologies has reached such a level that allows making the transfer from quantitative parameters (acceleration of information obtaining, its processing, analyzing and exchanging) to the quality result which assumes innovative ideas generated by the Thinker with developed intellectual and creative abilities. The linguistic aspect occurs at two levels; the 1^st level implies using the language as an object of study in the process of which a definite thinking style as a basis of intellectual and creative abilities development is formed; the 2^nd level assumes that language is revealed as a mean of gaining access to world foreign information resources and international communication in the process of intellectual and creative activity by means of applying ICTs. The publication represents pedagogical technology, methods and forms of future officers’ intellectual and creative potential by means of informative and linguistic (foreign) resources. The research makes conclusion that the technological aspect of the Infolingustic system forms a thinking style aimed not at gaining the knowledge but their self-generation, ability to observe, set and solve problems in a certain sphere.

The paper is aimed at creating alternative methods of intensive teaching foreign language communication. Professional education demands new approaches in modern conditions of globalization, political and economical changes. Processes of the reformation in society influenced the new status of foreign language as a subject. The importance of the problem in the article is explained by the grown demand of the specialist of the new formation with a high level of communicative competence. Regardless vast experience of Russia and international experience the author stipulates there are statements supporting the necessity of further theoretical and practical development of teaching the foreign language communication. The author adheres to the opinion optimization of productive speaking abilities development is the prior task; shaping of speaking abilities occurs in case of reducing time and funds spent on teaching. The publication declares, productive speech abilities that imply individual programs, creative communicative steps, variety of positional role relations of conversation partners develop and promote foreign language speaking abilities which express interaction between subjective experience and actual act of intellect. The author attempts to apply innovative approaches, psychological technique and efficient pedagogical forms. The author analyzes means, learning content, selection criteria of linguistic and communicative materials, natural communication situations providing the original communication of student in educational process.

The paper reveals the main goals and tasks Russian universities facing in order to provide an access to students and audience to the electronic library system (ELS). The article analyzes the modern situation on the aspect of access of agricultural institutions to ELS and aggregators according to qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The authors suggest the prominent solution of this problem and describe Interacademic ELS AgriLib. The publication considers outlooks agricultural institutions facing concerning the access to ELS in accordance with the educational standards of the new generation. The research carried out by Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University results in creating Interacademic e-library system AgriLib on the portal of University electronic library; the sources represented in AgriLib are accumulated and collected by means of academic agricultural sources combination. There were academic sources of 22 agricultural institutions and 28 vocational schools in EBS AgriLib in September 2014. AgriLib applying allows excluding the purchase of textbooks through intermediaries (commercial ELS) that results in saving million RUB from the budget.. There were more than 1220 textbooks, manuals and scientific journals in ELS AgriLib in the end of 2013. The Search Engines demonstrate that ELS AgriLib takes the leading places in searching provided by the central part of Russia. Nowadays, ELS AgriLib contains learning and teaching resources published by agrarian institutions. Eventually, the institutions joined for foundation of the single learning content will be able to make combined plan for publishing academic literature and exclude redundancy.

The article reveals the author's opinion that applying of competence-based approach in the system of higher education assumes development of programs. Programme approach implies that students are free to choose their field of activity and communication, make groups where they have all the necessary conditions for training and developing expertise. The Program “Training of students’ research сompetence” is an efficient mechanism for involvement of talented students in the research. The authors believe applying of the competency building approach in higher education assumes the development of programs. Programme approach implies that students are free to choose their field of activity and communication, make groups where they have all the necessary conditions for training and developing competence. Training students’ scientific and research competence is fundamental for intellectual development and educational quality. The Program “Training of students’ research сompetence” is an efficient mechanism for involvement of talented students in the research. It assumes scientific and methodological support for students and teachers, which contains strategic guidance, recommendations, guidance and instruments of the research competencies training. The authors believe students involvement in research to be the fundamental mechanism of programme implementation. The expected results include increase in number and quality of research projects and grants developed by the program participants, as well as improving the quality of public presentations of students’ research results (including the current and final assessment of students). Each program assumes assessment of its efficiency, which has the following peculiarity, exactly the lack of developed standards or analytically calculated standards. The programme approach corresponds to the students’ interests and takes into account the changes in the economic, social, political and moral aspects of life.