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Avtometriya

2014 year, number 2

1.
SUPPRESSION OF A QUASI-STATIONARY BACKGROUND IN A SEQUENCE OF IMAGES BY MEANS OF INTERFRAME PROCESSING

V. S. Kirichuk1,2, V. P. Kosykh1,2, S. A. Popov1, V. V. Sinel’shchikov3
1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
3Korporatsiya Kometa (Comet Corporation) Joint-Stock Company, ul. Velozavodskaya 5, Moscow, 115280 Russia
Keywords: small-size objects, fractional shift, background compensation

Abstract >>
Various methods of background compensation in a sequence of images are analyzed under conditions where the main change in the background is its spatial shift. Methods of estimating the background in a current frame by means of interpolation of data contained in the previous frames are considered. Analytical estimates of the compensation error are given as functions of the spectral properties of images and interpolation methods. Results of numerical experiments are reported, which confirm these analytical estimates and show that the use of local interpolating filters allows extremely low errors of compensation.



2.
USING THE MODEL OF A MIXTURE OF A UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION AND A VON MISES DISTRIBUTION FOR SEGMENTATION OF ANISOTROPIC IMAGES

I. S. Gruzman
Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk, 630073 Russia
Keywords: segmentation, local orientation estimate, estimation of the parameters of a mixture of distributions, angular random variables

Abstract >>
An algorithm is proposed for segmenting anisotropic image based on estimates of the local orientation of textures obtained using a gradient structural tensor. A mixture of a uniform distribution and a von Mises distribution is used as the estimate model. An estimation algorithm for the unknown parameters of the mixture based on trigonometric moments is obtained. Examples are given demonstrating the effectiveness of the segmentation algorithm in identifying textures with one dominant direction.



3.
INTERCHANNEL GRADIENT RECONSTRUCTION OF COLOR IMAGES CORRUPTED BY IMPULSE NOISE

E. A. Samoilin, V. V. Shipko
Zhukovskii and Gagarin Air Force Academy, ul. Starykh Bolshevikov 54a, Voronezh, 394064 Russia
Keywords: digital color images, impulses, interchannel gradient reconstruction, median filtering

Abstract >>
This paper presents an algorithm for the reconstruction of digital color image component signals corrupted by impulse noise by exploiting interchannel redundancy. Results of numerical studies have shown that intercomponent gradient reconstruction is superior to median filtering in the accuracy of reconstruction of lost or corrupted color image elements. Processing of a three-component digital color image has shown the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.



4.
METHOD FOR EFFECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF A SLIDING PARAMETRIC FOURIER SPECTRUM

V. A. Ponomarev1, O. V. Ponomareva1, A. V. Ponomarev2
1Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, ul. Studencheskaya 7, Izhevsk, 426000 Russia
2Central Election Commission of the Udmurt Republic, pl. 50 let Oktyabrya 15, Izhevsk, 426000 Russia
Keywords: parametric discrete Fourier transform, sliding parametric discrete Fourier transform, harmonic component, Goertzel algorithm, comb filter

Abstract >>
The basic methods of detecting individual tonal components and algorithms for their implementation are considered; their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. A generalization of the one-bin sliding parametric discrete Fourier transform is proposed. The algorithm implementing this transformation significantly reduces the number of operations required for the algorithm to enter the sliding measurement mode.



5.
INCREMENTAL APPROACH TO DETERMINATION OF IMAGE FRAGMENT DISPLACEMENTS DURING VECTOR FIELD CONSTRUCTION

S. V. Panin1,2, V. V. Titkov1, P. S. Lyubutin1
1Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademicheskii 2/4, Tomsk, 634021 Russia
2Tomsk Polytechnical University, pr. Lenina 30, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
Keywords: incremental approach, vector field, displacement, optical flow

Abstract >>
An algorithm of constructing displacement vector fields, based on the incremental approach to estimating displacements of image fragments, is proposed. Application of this algorithm for processing model and experimental optical images is analyzed. Noise immunity of the incremental algorithm for determining displacements is compared with that of the combined algorithm developed by the authors. It is shown that the proposed incremental algorithm ensures a more noise-immune estimate of displacements in processing images of a deformation relief essentially varying in time.



6.
REGRESSION ESTIMATE OF THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL PROBABILITY DENSITY AND ITS PROPERTIES

A. V. Lapko1,2, V. A. Lapko1,2
1Institute of Computational Modeling, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, building 44, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia
2Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University, pr. im. Gazety “Krasnoyarskii rabochii” 31, Krasnoyarsk, 660014 Russia
Keywords: probability density, regression estimate, large samples, asymptotic properties, a priori information

Abstract >>
A method of synthesis and analysis of regression estimate of the multidimensional probability density under conditions of a large volume of initial statistical data is proposed. Its asymptotic properties are investigated. On this basis, the relationship between the efficiency factor of the proposed estimate and the parameters of the procedure of expansion of initial data is established.



7.
STATISTICAL METHOD OF SUPPRESSION OF ARTIFACTS OF TOMOGRAPHIC RECONSTRUCTION

A. V. Likhachov
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: artifacts of tomographic reconstruction, mathematical expectation of the residue

Abstract >>
A new method is proposed for suppressing artifacts of tomographic reconstruction. The method is based on selective estimation of the mathematical expectation of the residue between phantoms simulating a random distribution and their tomograms. The method is justified theoretically and is supported by a computational experiment.



8.
ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS OF A MULTISTAGE QUEUING SYSTEM WITH A HIGH-RATE RENEWAL ARRIVAL PROCESS

A. N. Moiseev, A. A. Nazarov
Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia
Keywords: multistage queuing systems, high-rate renewal arrival, asymptotic analysis

Abstract >>
This paper presents a study of an infinite-server multistage queuing system with a highrate renewal arrival process and arbitrary service time. It is shown that under the condition of infinitely increasing rate of arrival, the multidimensional distribution of the probabilities of the number of servers employed to service stages of the system can be approximated by a multidimensional normal distribution. The expectation vector and the covariance matrix of this distribution were obtained.



9.
PHOTONIC CRYSTAL LATTICE STRAIN ANISOTROPY AS A BASIS OF HIGHLY SENSITIVE SELECTIVE OPTICAL CHEMOSENSORS

A. S. Kuchyanov1, A. I. Plekhanov1, H. Spisser2, P. A. Chubakov1
1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
2Institut d’Optique Graduate School, 2 Avenue Augustin Fresnel, 91127 Palaiseau Cedex, France
Keywords: photonic crystal, sensor, capillary condensation

Abstract >>
An experimental study of the effect of asymmetric strain of a photonic crystal in the form of changes in the slope of crystal planes during its filling with a gas analyte is performed. This effect is used as a basis for creating a model of a relatively inexpensive selective highly sensitive fast-response sensor of ammonia sensor.



10.
SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HOLOGRAPHIC PHOTONIC CRYSTAL MODELS

E. F. Pen, I. G. Shatalov
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: photonic crystals, modeling, holographic lithography, reflection spectrum

Abstract >>
A technique of calculating the spectral characteristics of model holographic photonic crystals (PhCs), including those with spatial structure defects, is presented. This technique is based on the model of a multilayer system of thin dielectric films and the calculated refractive index profile of the PhC structure along selected crystallographic directions. The calculation results of the studied characteristics for various examples of PhC structures are given.



11.
VISION CORRECTION BY INTRAOCULAR LENSES

G. A. Lenkova
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: correction of eye refraction, intraocular lens, contact lens, phakic lens

Abstract >>
The advantages of correcting the refractive errors of the eye (nearsightedness and farsightedness) by introocular phakic (i.e., without removing the crystalline lens) lenses over the other types of correction are considered. A relation between the optical power of spectacle glasses and contact and phakic lenses is obtained and analyzed. New, more accurate approximate formulas for calculating the optical power of intraocular artificial lenses and phakic lenses are derived. It is shown that the deviation of calculations by the proposed formulas from the calculations by the formulas based on geometrical optics are much less than the deviation of calculations by the regressive formulas used in ophthalmic practice.



12.
TUNABLE HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETER WITH A BEAM-SPLITTING UNIT AND FIXED MIRRORS

S. L. Mikerin, V. D. Ugozhaev
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: holographic interferometer, beam-splitting unit, holographic diffraction grating, tuning of convergence angle

Abstract >>
This paper presents a holographic interferometer configuration with inclined fixed mirrors based on a beam-splitting unit in which the convergence angle of the partial beams is tuned only by rotating the interferometer relative to the radiation source. The continuous range of tuning is close to the maximum possible (0-180º). The path lengths of the interfering beams are automatically aligned due to the mirror symmetry of the system. The position of the axis of rotation providing minimal aperture limitations in almost the entire range of tuning is determined. A comparison is made with an alternative configuration based on a beam-splitter cube.



13.
HIGH-LIMIT DETECTION AND ACCURATE ANALYSIS OF ACETYLENE IN TRANSFORMER OIL GASES WITH A TUNABLE LASER-BASED PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROMETER

Z. Wu1,2, L. Zhai1, X. He2, Q. Yu1
1School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116023 China
2Information Engineering Department, Environmental Management College of China, Qinhuangdao, 066004 China
Keywords: photoacoustic spectroscopy, acetylene, second harmonic, transformer oil discharge, tunable laser

Abstract >>
Acetylene in transformer oil is an important feature gas, which can reflect early discharge faults. A tunable fiber laser photoacoustic (PA) spectrometer based on second harmonic modulation, with its fast response and good noise immunity, can be well applied to detect trace gases. In this work, the second harmonic PA measurement of the acetylene gas at the 1530.3709 nm transition line is demonstrated. An accurate analysis of acetylene in transformer oil gases is ensured by using an overcomplete-independent-component-analysis(ICA)-basis BSS model and a five-point-sampling method to improve the detection limit from 1.12 to 0.71 ppb. The experiment for detecting and analyzing acetylene in transformer oil gases shows that the discharge acetylene productivity can reach 303.72 ppb/s with a dynamic response time of less than 10 s, relative error of about 1.40%, and relevance coefficient up to 0.99946. At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, this can meet the demands of acetylene detection and analysis in early or ultra-early predictions of transformer discharge faults.