A.N. Glukhov, E.E. Kolova, A.V. Sobolev
N.A. Shilo Northeastern Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia
Keywords: Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization, rhyolite, Ag-tetrahedrite, fluid inclusions, epithermal, gradient
The Myauchan ore field located in the Omsukchan zone of the Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt is described. The Korennoe and Malyutka Ag-Pb-Zn ore occurrences forming this field are localized at the center of anticlinal fold of NW strike made up of Upper Triassic carbonate-terrigenous deposits intruded by stock-like bodies and dikes of Upper Cretaceous andesite, monzodiorite, granite-porphyry, and rhyolite-porphyry. Sulfide-carbonate-fluorite-quartz veins and vein-veinlet zones with arsenopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and Ag-tetrahedrite are localized both in intrusions and in terrigenous strata. The field bears As-Sb-Ag-Pb-Au-Bi-Cu-Zn-W mineralization. Study of fluid inclusions and REE and ore element patterns show that the field ores formed from chloride solutions with the participation of surface waters in hydrothermal-magmatic system under epithermal conditions. The ores were deposited from solutions with TDS = 0.5-9.0 wt.% NaCl equiv. in the temperature range 106-287 ºC. The ores containing ca. 70 ppm Ag and up to 1.2% Pb formed through boiling-off of solutions enriched in iron salts. The ores with Ag < 7 ppm and Pb ≤ 25 ppm were generated from diluted hydrothermal solutions with predominant sodium salts and potassium admixture. Mineralization of the Myauchan ore field marks the upper level of the Ag-Pb-Zn ore system similar to the Gol’tsovoe deposit.
P.I. Fedorov1, V.N. Smirnov2, E.S. Bogomolov3, M.N. Kondratyev2 1Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia 3Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Keywords: Volcanism, geochemistry, rifting, continental margins, Paleocene, Northern Okhotsk Region
We studied geochemical compositions of the early Paleocene basaltic and andesite dikes associated to linear zones of the Lankovo-Omolon shearing system (Northern Okhotsk region) and basalts of the Evdyreveem volcanic field associated to the Okhotsk-Penzhinsk fault system, and compared them to other synchronous manifestations of basic volcanism: andesibasalts and andesites of the studied earlier Garmanda field, as well as with the Late Cretaceous basalts of the Mygdykit Formation of the Northern Okhotsk region, roofing the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt. The isotopic composition of Sr and Nd in dikes, the distribution of major and trace elements with the ratios of noncoherent elements indicate the formation of volcanic bodies in the environment of continental margin rifting, which is confirmed by the combination of depleted, intraplate and above subduction geochemical features of their composition. Such behavior of the elements indicates multi-stage processes of the earlier Mesozoic supra-subduction fluid metasomatosis. Melting of an ancient buried Cretaceous slab may explain the appearance of such “above subduction” marks as the Nb-Ta negative anomalies in the studied basaltoids. Andesite dikes are characterized by higher isotope ratios of Nd and lower Sr, with lower absolute concentrations of trace elements and more pronounced anomalies on spider plots.
A.A. Eliseev1,2, D.V. Metelkin1,2, V.V. Abashev1,2, N.E. Mikhaltsov1,2, E.V. Vinogradov1,2, V.Yu. Bragin2 1Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Magnetostratigraphy, Abinskaya Group, Kuznetsk depression, Permian-Triassic boundary, trap magmatism, Siberian superplume
We report results of a systematic paleomagnetic study of the Abinskaya Group of the Kuznetsk depression, including a typical volcanic complex that reflects important features of the evolution of the Permian-Triassic Siberian large igneous province (LIP). Four zones of magnetic polarity have been established in the group’s deposits. We revise the correlation of the volcanic sheets of the Mal’tsevo Formation (Fm.) at the base of the group with the Ivakinsky Fm. of the Norilsk region, which is linked to the initiation of trap magmatism. The beginning of the eruption of the Saltymak complex volcanic rocks in the Kuznetsk area corresponds to the boundary between subchrons LT1n.1n and LT1n.1r (251.2 Ma) within the Kedrovka sub-formation of the Mal’tsevo Fm. This boundary was traced in the magnetostratigraphic sections of the Maimecha-Kotui, Koltogor-Urengoy, Western Taimyr, and Norilsk regions of the Siberian LIP and suggests a correlation of the Mal’tsevo Fm. volcanic rocks with the upper part of the undifferentiated interval of the Onkuchak - Tyvankit (?) Fms., the base of the Korotchaev Fm., the Verkhnetam Fm. and the top of the Samoed Fm. The duration of this main pulse of volcanism in the Kuznetsk depression did not exceed 0.1 Myr. The volcanic sheets of the second, significantly weaker pulse of the Yamin Fm. are compared with the Maimecha Fm. of the Maimecha-Kotui area and the top of the Korotchaev Fm. of the Koltogor-Urengoy area. Thus, the accumulation of the entire Abinskaya Group, including the sedimentary complex of the Sosnovka Fm., lasted no more than 1.5 Myr. Except for the initial stage, this coincided with the eruption of most of the Maimecha-Kotui and Koltogor-Urengoy trap sections. The early magmatism of the Ivakinsky time and its analogs in other areas of the Siberian province during the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Kuznetsk depression probably corresponds to the break between the Tailugan Fm. and the Abinskaya Group. The mean paleomagnetic pole (PLat = 59.0°, PLon = 160.3°, A95 = 5.7°, N = 33) calculated for the entire studied section reflects the paleogeography of the Kuznetsk depression and can be considered a reference pole for the Permian-Triassic boundary.
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of sequence stratigraphic modeling of subcontinental reservoirs of the Tanopcha Formation upper part (Lower Cretaceous) of the Minkhov field, located in the northern part of the Messov oil and gas region of the Gydan oil and gas region. The study is vital due to the need for additional exploration and commissioning of hydrocarbon reserves in the lower part of the Pokur suprahorizon in the north of Western Siberia. The modeling is based on sedimentological columns for four wells, in which the object of study was characterized by a core with sufficient completeness. The structure of seven sequences has been studied. Sequences PK 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, and PK 3-1, in accordance with the classical concept, are divided into three systems tracts: lowstand (LST), transgressive (TST), highstand (HST). The boundaries of the sequences are outlined along the erosive surfaces in the bottom of the alluvial complexes. LST tops - on contacts of alluvial facies with tidal, marsh, lake sediments, indicating flooding of the coastal plain at the beginning of transgressions. TST tops - on contacts of facies of the tidal plain with alluvial deposits, indicating the beginning of normal regressions. The main reservoirs of the object are large belts and covers of alluvium of amalgamating channels as part of the LST. Additional reservoirs are thin bodies of tidal genesis in the composition of TST, and alluvial genesis in the composition of HST. The bottom of the PK 3-2 sequence was outlined on the contacts of coastal-marine TST sandstones with tidal and marsh facies, indicating the event transgression of the coastline. One of the main reservoirs of the field, the TP1 formation, is connected to the TST of the PK 3-2 sequence. The boundaries of the selected sequences can be traced on seismic sections of acoustic impedance. Depending on the temporary thickness in the impedance field, the sequences are displayed as two-, three- and four-layer sequences of layers, which opens up the possibility of their further study by the method of wave field inversion
I.A. Gubin1, A.E. Kontorovich1, L.M. Burshtein1,2, L.N. Konstatinova1, E.N. Kuznetsova1, S.A. Moiseev1,2, P.I. Safonov1,2 1Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk State University
Keywords: Riphean, Vendian, Cambrian, hydrocarbon resources, Lena-Tunguska petroleum province, Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum province
This study presents the results of recent regional seismic exploration and deep drilling efforts in the Sayan-Yenisei syneclise and adjacent areas of the Lena-Tunguska petroleum province. These results were used to build a series of structure maps for Riphean, Vendian and Lower Cambrian reflectors; thickness maps of the Riphean and Vendian terrigenous geoseismic sequences within the syneclise, and a tectonic map of the Vendian-Paleozoic structural stage of the Sayan-Yenisei syneclise. The proposed oil and gas geological zoning of the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area enabled us to identify eight potential petroleum regions and perform a quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential. The original in-place resources of the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area are estimated to be 3 billion 231 million tons of hydrocarbon equivalent, including 3 trillion 39 billion m3 of gas and 192.7 million tons of condensate. It is shown that over next 15-20 years, up to 1 trillion m3 gas reserves can be explored in the Sayan-Yenisei potential petroleum area. It is proposed to consider the Boguchany village as a large gas conversion and helium production center.
A.I. Gresov, A.V. Yatsuk
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:121:"V.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"text";}
Keywords: Bottom sediments, natural gases, isotope-gas-geochemical parameters, genesis, concentrations, anomalies, geological factors, New Siberian sedimentary basin, East Siberian Sea
In bottom sediments of the New Siberian sedimentary basin and adjacent geostructures of the East Siberian Sea, we identified СН4, as well as its limit and unsaturated homologues (up to and including C5H12), CO2, CO, H2, He, H2S, O2, N2, and Ar. Isotope-gas-geochemical parameters δ13С СО2, СН4 and С2Н6, of the molecular mass of hydrocarbon fraction and genetic coefficients indicate the presence of both syngenetic and epigenetic gases of various gas sources in sediments, including recent sediments, peatlands, coal-bearing and gas-bearing formations, solid bitumen, igneous formations, accumulations of gas hydrates and prognostic condensate-gas, condensate, oil-and-gas and gas-and-oil reservoirs. Concentrations of CO2 and CO reach 29.25 and 0.06 cm3/kg, CH4 and the sum of its homologues - 5.93 and 0.031, Н2 and He - 0.78 and 0.318, H2S - 0.092 cm3/kg; this indicates that gas-geochemical anomalies, exceeding the anomaly criteria by 6-124 times, form in bottom sediments. The formation and distribution of abnormal concentrations of natural gases depend on the complex influence of gas-controlling factors - geological structure, fold and fault tectonics, magmatism, coal-oil-gas content, bituminous content, organic saturation, lithological composition, water-physical and reservoir properties of sediments, hydrogeological, geocryological and other conditions for accumulation of natural gases or their degassing.
Syed Bilawal Ali Shah
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Keywords: Middle Indus Basin, Sakesar Formation, source and reservoir rock, petrophysical analysis
Investigating Early Eocene and Paleocene deposits within the Punjab Platform, Pakistan, involved comprehensive analysis using advanced geochemical and petrophysical techniques. This study evaluates the source potential of three formations: Nammal and Sakesar of Early Eocene age and Dungan and Ranikot of Palaeocene age. The Sakesar Formation, a reservoir rock, was evaluated through interpretation of wireline logs to estimate key petrophysical properties-porosity, water saturation, and hydrocarbon saturation. Geochemical investigations focused on total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis of twenty-one cutting samples from a well. These samples displayed TOC values ranging from 0.21 to 2.04 wt.% and S2 values ranging from 0.09 to 2.14 mg HC/g rock. Analysis positioned all samples within the immature window zone with Type II/III and Type III kerogen, suggesting limited generative potential. Findings suggest limited hydrocarbon generation from these formations. Petrophysical analysis indicated average porosity of 11.2%, water saturation of 32.58%, and hydrocarbon saturation of 67.42% for the Sakesar Formation, categorizing it as average to good reservoir potential. This study highlights complex geochemical and petrophysical characteristics of these formations. While Sakesar shows promising reservoir qualities, significant hydrocarbon generation potential from Nammal, Dungan, and Ranikot formations is constrained. Informed decision-making is crucial when considering these formations as hydrocarbon sources.
J. Jin1, J. Liu1, Z. Lou2, J. Wang1, J. Li2, R. Zhu2, Y. Wang2 1Research Institute of Experiment and Detection, Petro China Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang, China 2Institute of Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
Keywords: Junggar basin, Lucaogou Formation, mud shale, geochemical characteristics, geological significance
The Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar sag is an important shale oil-producing layer in the Junggar basin. In this paper, core data, organic carbon, rock pyrolysis, biomarker compounds, and organic matter group component separation were used to study the sedimentary environment, parent material type, organic maturity and oil-bearing property of mud shale of the Second member of the Lucaogou Formation. The results showed that the sedimentary environment is a semi-oxidation and semi-reduction environment. The parent material is mainly aquatic with minor input of higher plants. The average TOC is 7.43%, the average value of hydrocarbon generation potential ( S 1+ S 2) is 50.54 mg/g, and the average value of Tmax is 446 °C, showing high maturity of the mud shale. The chloroform bitumen “A” features high saturated hydrocarbon content (34.10% on average), low aromatic hydrocarbon content (15.39% on average), and high saturated/aromatic ratio (2.54). The carbon number of saturated hydrocarbons is distributed between n-C13 and n-C33. Their peak are mainly n-C17 and n-C23, which are biased toward medium-low molecular weight alkanes. The average of the ΣC-21/ΣC+22 is 1.19, indicating that the alkane has advantage of short chain. The mud shale in the Second member of the Lucaogou Formation has a large sedimentary thickness, high organic matter content, and high oil generation potential. It is an important replacement target for shale oil in Jimsar sag and has important exploration significance in the future.
A.V. Starchenko1,2, I.V. Del1,2, S.L. Odintsov2 1National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia 2V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: numerical weather prediction, wind gust, mesoscale model of numerical weather prediction TSUNM3
For short-term forecasting of weather periods characterized by strong winds with gusts in Tomsk, it is proposed to use the results of calculations based on the local weather numerical prediction model TSUNM3 (Tomsk State University Mesoscale Meteorological Model) in combination with semi-empirical formulas for estimating the scale of wind gusts. The comparison of the calculations and observations of meteorological parameters obtained for the conditions under consideration at the meteorological stations of the Common Use Center "Atmosphere" of IAO SB RAS, the AMIS-RF airport, and the Tomsk meteorological stations showed the prospects of using the model for numerical forecasting of this dangerous weather phenomenon. The results of the work are to be used for the development of an information and predictive system for early warning of dangerous wind gusts.
I.N. Smalikho, V.A. Banakh, A.M. Sherstobitov
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: coherent Doppler lidar, signal-to-noise ratio non-stationary noise, radial velocity
The key factor determining the accuracy of pulsed coherent Doppler lidar (PCDL) wind speed measurements is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Therefore, SNR information is important for interpreting measurement results. However, the known approaches to determining SNR from raw data measured by PCDL are not applicable in the case of a PCDL lidar created at the Wave Propagation Laboratory of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, (WPL PCDL lidar) due to significant non-stationarity of the noise component of recorded signals. In this work, a new technique for determining the signal-to-noise ratio from raw data measured by a pulsed Doppler lidar (PCDL) accounting the non-stationarity of noise is developed. The technique was tested in an experiment with a Stream Line PCDL and the WPL PCDL lidar. By comparing SNR estimates from joint measurements by these lidars, the practical applicability of the suggested technique is confirmed.
I.N. Smalikho, V.A. Banakh, A.M. Sherstobitov
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: coherent Doppler lidar, wind turbulence, internal gravity wave, spectral density, exponent
Issues of turbulent wave interaction in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) have not yet been sufficiently studied. In particular, the question of the influence of an internal gravity wave (IGW) arising in a thermally stable ABL on the spectrum of turbulent wind speed fluctuations remained open. In this work, using pulsed coherent Doppler lidar measurements, the influence of IGW on the shape of the curve for the spectral density of the vertical component of the wind velocity is studied. It has been established that IGW causes a significant change in the shape of the wind speed spectrum curve at frequencies below the boundary of the inertial turbulence interval. In this case, in the interval between the IGW frequency and the lower limit of the inertial interval, the frequency dependence of the spectrum is close to a power law. By analyzing 700 lidar estimates of vertical wind speed spectra, it was found that for such a frequency interval the exponent is on average equal to -3. The results of the work can be used to improve algorithms for numerical simulation of thermally stable ABL.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"TEXT";s:4:"TEXT";s:44:"D.A. Marakasov, A.L. Afanas’ev, E.V. Gordeev";}
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: non-Kolmogorov turbulence, energy spectrum, structure constant, outer scale, sonic weather stations
The basis for estimating turbulence characteristics using the primary output data of sonic weather stations is currently the classical Kolmogorov-Obukhov model of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence with a power-law structure function with an exponent of 2/3. In practice, such conditions are not always implemented in the atmosphere. In this article, to describe the non-Kolmogorov turbulence, an approach based on the use of a generalized power model with an exponent, a structural characteristic, and an outer scale estimated directly from the measured time series of instantaneous values of recorded meteorological parameters is suggested. The criteria of applicability of the model for estimating characteristics of real atmospheric turbulence are derived.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:46:"V.V. Kal’chikhin, A.A. Kobzev, A.A. Tikhomirov";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"text";}
Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: precipitation, rainfall intensity, rainfall kinetic energy, rain gage, disdrometer, soil erosion
A brief overview of tasks that require information about the energy characteristics of rains, as well as methods for obtaining this information, is given. A technique is described for determining the kinetic energy transferred by hydrometeors based on the microstructural characteristics of precipitation obtained using the optical precipitation gauge OPTIOS. The methodology usage is illustrated with measurement data of the heavy rainfall that fell in Tomsk on July 22, 2023. The influence of various microstructural parameters on the amount of kinetic energy brought by raindrops to the underlying surface is analyzed. The comparison is made with the values obtained by simplified methods. It is concluded that the capabilities of the optical precipitation gauge allow it to be successfully used in solving tasks that require an accurate assessment of the energy characteristics of rainfall.
Vladimir S. Nikulin, Andrey I. Pestunov
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: reliability of computing systems, operational data, machine learning, Rosenblatt-Parzen method, smoothing parameter, failure distribution density
A new method for assessing the reliability of small computing systems that allows the generation of only small samples of operational data is proposed in the article. The result of applying the technique is the posterior failure distribution density, on the basis of which various reliability indicators can be calculated. The methodology consists of two stages: the first is the preparation of operational data, including detection of failures using machine learning methods, and the second is the construction of the failure distribution density using the adapted Rosenblatt-Parzen method. Increasing the efficiency of estimates using the proposed method is achieved by taking into account censored data, compensating for the shift of failure distribution densities and finding the optimal smoothing parameter.
Sergey B. Kuznetsov1,2, Oleg P. Gladkovsky2 1Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 2Siberian Institute of Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: poincare normal forms, system of differential equations, fixed assets of production, investment volume, Taylor formula, non-resonant terms, eigenvalues
As the main factors of production, the paper considers physical capital and labor resources. The study of the behavior of the main factors of production is based on the analysis of the volume of investment in them, the depreciation of physical capital and changes in the volume of labor resources. Most of the studies on this topic do not address issues related to distortions in financing and their possible consequences for the main factors of production. To assess these consequences, formulas were derived that include partial derivatives of investment volumes for each of the main factors. The use of these formulas helps to develop an investment algorithm that contributes to the sustainable growth of the main factors of production. The method of Poincare normal forms was chosen as the main research method, which allows us to simplify the initial problem and reduce it to an analysis in a linear form. A classification of possible variants of eigenvalues, the resulting linear form was carried out. The behavior of the main factors of production depending on the found eigenvalues is determined. This method allows you to get more understandable results and draw more accurate conclusions. The results obtained were tested in a number of federal districts of Russia and a number of EU countries. Testing showed a qualitative match with the real state of the main factors of production. This suggests that the developed investment algorithm can be applied in practical conditions and contribute to the achievement of stable growth in various regions of Russia. This study is important for understanding and optimizing production processes and economic development. It provides a basis for developing effective investment and decision-making strategies that promote both a balanced and directed development of the main factors of production.
Alexey N. Kislyakov, Anna N. Golubeva
The Russian Presidential Academy Of National Economy And Public Administration, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: digital transformation, end-to-end technologies, information systems, education, management, participants in educational relations
The paper is devoted to the urgent problem of increasing the effectiveness of digital transformation mechanisms in the sphere of general education, aimed at improving the efficiency of functioning of general educational organizations. The analysis of normative legal acts regulating state regulation in the field of information technology application in education, domestic and foreign literature devoted to digital transformation of the economy and society as a whole has been carried out. The main directions of digital transformation of education were analyzed. The lack of elaboration of the issues of digital transformation of general education along with a large number of publications related to higher education institutions is noted. The main technological transformations preceding the current stage of introducing end-to-end technologies in the sphere of general education in the Russian Federation are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of digital transformation of general education management. The problems of introducing end-to-end technologies in the sphere of general education management are considered against the background of the acute need to master new technologies and the transition of the economy to a new stage of development. The tasks of digital transformation of education have been studied and the analysis of the reasons hindering the introduction of modern digital technologies has been carried out, which allowed us to identify the need to update not only the methods of conducting the educational process with the use of digital educational content, but also to qualitatively change the management system of a modern educational organization. The study showed that the digital transformation of general education cannot take place without state regulation and research in the field of correlation between the classroom and digital component. Recommendations on the implementation of projects in the system of general education are given, which allow to eliminate the duplication of management functions, reduce the cost of software development and implementation at different levels of education management.
Anna V. Generalova1, Yuriy A. Malyukov1, Aleksey O. Nedosekin2, Zinaida I. Abdulaeva3 1The Kosygin State University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation 2Institute of Financial Technologies LLC, Pskov, Russian Federation 3North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: sectoral economic sustainability (resilience), mobilization measures in the economy, public-private mobilization partnership (PPMP), intersectoral syndicate, matrix aggregate calculator (MAC), 4 × 6 strategic matrix
The purpose of the article is to establish the principles of organizing the light industry and adjacent sectors of the Russian economy in the context of mobilization activities in the economy, in order to ensure the uninterrupted supply of products to meet the needs of the troops within the framework of the state order. Methods. The industry analysis is carried out under two main assumptions: a) the industry should be reformed, on the terms of public-private mobilization partnership (PPMP); b) relations between the light industry and related economic sectors should be built on the terms of an inter-industry syndicate (cluster, strategic alliance). The assessment of the stability of companies in the light industry sector is carried out on the basis of a matrix aggregate calculator (MAC). The return on equity of companies is analyzed using the DuPont formula. Results. Based on the simulation results, it is shown that the industry maintains economic stability provided that three basic conditions are met: a) it maintains an irreducible net profitability at the level of 5-7 %; b) forms an irreducible turnover of its assets at the level of 1.5 times a year; c) is credited by the state under the supplier’s factoring scheme, which gives a level of financial leverage of about 1.6. All this together should lead to a return on industry equity (ROE) of about 20 % per annum, which guarantees a rapid attraction of private capital to the industry, with the issuance of additional state guarantees for capital protection (a real option for business). Discussion. A more detailed modeling of sectoral economic stability requires the correct selection of modeling factors by groups: Threats, Opportunities, BSC, Risks, Chances, Decisions. A special modeling of the industry corporate culture is needed, using the approaches of related specialties. Conclusion. The GFMP principle guarantees the sustainable functioning of the Russian economy in the conditions of a period of maximum and medium levels of response and high readiness. The conventional wisdom that it is possible to ensure the sovereignty of the country by keeping the peacetime economy in the rear is untenable.
Nikita A. Nenastyev, Natalya N. Yashalova
Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russian Federation
Keywords: environmental function of business, corporate social responsibility, “green” business, greening, enterprise
The environmental aspect of business activities is considered in the vast majority of cases as an element of corporate social responsibility or as part of the social function of enterprises. Within the framework of this study, the goal was set to justify the feasibility of identifying the actual environmental function of business and to reveal its role and content. Such a step will allow, if necessary, to analyze it in isolation from the general social vector of development of private enterprises based on a separate concept. To achieve the goal, four tasks were consistently solved. Firstly, the essence and importance of the “green” transition within national economies is revealed. Secondly, evidence is provided of the priority of the process of greening business structures in comparison with other vectors of growth of the Russian “green” economy. Thirdly, the main provisions of the theory of environmentally oriented business are formulated on the basis of the concept of corporate social responsibility. Fourthly, the concept and components of the “green” function of business at the present stage are revealed.
Dmitry A. Karpov
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: congress and exhibition activity, innovations, virtual and hybrid exhibitions, immersive technologies, contactless solutions
The article presents the characterization of new approaches and technologies in congress and exhibition activities. As a result of the conducted research of a number of scientific sources, the author’s approach to the systematization of innovations in congress and exhibition activities is presented, which provides their division into four main groups: technological, communication, sustainable, organizational innovations. Characteristics and possibilities of the most relevant innovations from the point of view of increasing the efficiency of congress and exhibition activities are presented. The methodology for successful realization of new approaches and technologies in congress and exhibition activity in Russia is offered.
Vladimir Z. Balikoev
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: key rate, nature of inflation, targeting, level of monetization, expensive money policy, money supply, non-monetary base of inflation
The article analyzes the policy of the Central Bank of Russia in three aspects: setting the key rate, the low level of monetization of Russia’s GDP and determining the causes of inflation. The transition of the Bank of Russia from a liberal to an ultra-liberal policy is proved, expressed in the policy of targeting inflation, the floating exchange rate of the ruble and the liberalization of cross-border capital flows. The logical error of the Central Bank in determining the consequences of raising the key rate is shown. It rises to stop the inflation of demand, and thus causes the inflation of production costs. As a result, the opposite effect is achieved - an increase in inflation. The same process is facilitated by maintaining a low level of GDP monetization and incorrectly determining the causes of inflation in Russia, which is non-monetary in nature in the country. The author concludes that in its policy of expensive money, the Central Bank relies more on political factors than economic ones.
Anna I. Glazko
Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: accounting, balance sheet studies, balance sheet, theory, model, analysis
This article is devoted to the contribution to the analysis of the balance sheet of one of the famous scientists in the accounting - Nikolai Alexandrovich Blatov. Being a model of flows of three types values, «Blatov’s Square» illustrates the boundaries of balance sheet as an enterprise model. Half of the requirements, noted by Blatov for checking the correctness of the balance, are subjective and cast doubt on the possibility of drawing up the correct balance sheet. Blatov is one of the first authors who presented algorithms for balance analysis techniques and formalized analytical procedures, calling it «economic analysis». These methods remain relevant. The calculation of turnover and liquidity indicators proposed by the author may complement the methods of modern practice. An assumption was made about the relevance of using knowledge of the balance studies in modern conditions. Based on the study of Blatov’s works, it can be concluded that to a greater extent it is advisable to internal rather than external users to apply his ideas for the enterprise analysis.
Valeriy N. Minat
Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev, Ryazan, Russian Federation
Keywords: sectoral structure of the US economy, labor productivity, labor intensity, organization of labor (living labor), working conditions, labor regulation, working hours, regression analysis
Based on the results of existing research and the empirical data obtained by the author, a number of conclusions have been made about the nature and degree of influence of the labor organization factor (labor force, actually living labor) on productivity and labor intensity in industries/sectors of the US economy. This analysis covers the period from 2010 to 2022, when the American economy, subject to an extremely high degree of servization, entered the stage of “re-industrial turn”, formed on the basis of a new sixth technological structure, characterized, in addition to technological innovations, by a significant increase in the role of a person - a qualified worker with creative content of work. Based on the results of regression analysis, the grouping of industries/sectors of the US economy according to the elasticity of productivity and intensity depending on the indicators of labor organization in American companies, expressed through the corresponding regression coefficients, allowed us to draw conclusions about the ambiguity in the nature and significance of the influence of the sought factor on the explained variables. Currently, a number of American industries are forced to use extensive forms of labor organization, in particular to increase the actual hours worked, in order to maintain profitability and competitiveness, despite increasing social costs. The identification of four groups of sectors of the American economy according to this criterion indicates a change in the structural policy of the United States, characterized by a sectoral focus in the field of stabilization and increasing productivity growth rates due to the organizational factor.
Igor V. Niroda, Alexander Yu. Anisimov
Moscow University of Industry and Finance, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: business model, external environment of the organization, PEST analysis, SWOT analysis, environmental factors, catering establishments
The transformation of traditional business models of public catering enterprises into their innovative version occurs under the influence of a certain set of external factors. The assessment, both negative and positive, of the influence of external factors should be carried out according to adapted methods suitable for the situation and the chosen industry. At the moment, a set of external factors that have a significant impact on the formation of successful business models remains insufficiently studied. The need for research is also due to the lack of a system of factors that must be taken into account when forming an adaptive business model for public catering enterprises. The purpose of the study is to form a system of factors that have a significant impact on the public catering sector, and to assess the nature of the influence of each factor on the activities of public catering enterprises. The research methods are: comparative analysis, statistical analysis, benchmarking, classification and ranking, Churchman - Akoff method, PEST-analysis. The result of the study is a developed system of factors that have a significant impact on the catering industry, and an assessment of the nature of the influence of each factor, as well as identified industry risks and identified strategies for responding to them. The authors conclude that the most significant factors influencing the formation of a successful business model in the field of public catering are: the sanctions imposed against Russia by some countries; increased investment in catering projects; increasing the importance of higher education; technological improvements, the introduction of modern technologies in the catering infrastructure.
Nina M. Volovskaya, Lidia K. Plyusnina
Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: self-employment, self-employed citizen, entrepreneurship, individual entrepreneurs, form of precarious employment
The article examines theoretical approaches to defining the concept of “self-employment” as a special type of employment with its own forms of manifestation, as entrepreneurship, as a form of economic activity of an individual, as a special structure in a multi-structure economy, as a socio-economic phenomenon, as a phenomenon that can lead to the integration of the interests of society and people and others. It has been suggested that only a comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of self-employment, its genetic basis, qualities, properties and forms of manifestation will allow us to provide a substantiated author’s understanding of self-employment.
Natalya P. Sukhanova
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: education, logic, critical thinking, ambiguity, language, information
The intensification of the sphere of the study of critical thinking based on formal logical principles, found in the works of modern researchers, actualizes the appeal to the topic of logical analysis of language. The program settings of the course «Logic and critical Thinking» are focused on the thorough immersion of participants in the acute issues of the use of natural language. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the subjects of ambiguity in language and the operational tasks of pedagogical practice in critical thinking that arise in this regard. Understanding the experience of implementing an educational project is aimed at outlining the logical foundations of critical skills built through the prism of students’ reflexive vision. The framework of language and thinking problems is evaluated through ranking of course positions illustrating the possibilities of developing critical thinking through comprehension of language forms. The registered ambiguity is shown taking into account the requirements of the verbal or situational context in the application of the concept. The analysis of texts carried out in a practical lesson leads to the understanding of ambiguity as a linguistic norm that requires acceptance and appropriate cognitive support. The achievement of students becomes a competent vision of the content of the problem of ambiguity, characterizing critical judgment abilities in handling information. Attention is focused on the fact of terminological ambiguity, which implies the identification of clear meanings and deepening into the processes of cognition as such. The conclusion is made about the need for methodical development of the problem of ambiguity in language, since the focus on the subtleties of intellectual and speech mechanisms contributes to the formation of critical skills of project participants.
A.A. Suleymanov1, D.A. Aprosimov1, N.I. Basharin1,2, V.M. Lytkin1,3 1The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia 2Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Yakutsk, Russia 3Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science
Keywords: Yakutia, rural livelihoods, climate change, permafrost degradation, thermokarst
The issues of permafrost degradation and its impact on the life-support system are discussed in the example of the Ulakhan-An village (Khangalassky ulus, central Yakutia). The extent and forms of manifestation of thermokarst - the main negative cryogenic process in the area - and its consequences for the local population have been studied. To achieve the goal of the research, field observations of thermokarst have been conducted, an ortophotomap of the key area has been developed, and a survey of residents via questionnaires and narrative interviews has been performed. As a result, the extent and intensity of thermokarst development have been clarified. At present, thermokarst is mainly at its initial stage. The main consequences of permafrost degradation for the local population and key actors of agricultural activity have been determined. The Ulakhan-An residents’ perception of and adaptation to the natural challenges that have arisen are noted.
A.G. Zakharyuk1, V.E. Trubitsyn1, T.A. Vishnivetskaya2, E.M. Rivkina2, V.A. Shcherbakova1 1Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia 2Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
Keywords: tundra zone soils, Arctic, iron reduction, anaerobic communities, metagenome
Enrichment cultures of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant bacteria capable of reducing ferric iron at temperatures of 6 to 15 °C were obtained from samples of two tundra soils from the Bykovsky Peninsula (Northern Yakutia, eastern sector of Russian Arctic). The highest concentrations of Fe(II) ions were observed in enrichment cultures grown with the use of a soluble ferric salt in the form of Fe(III) citrate. Furthermore, anaerobic communities from two enrichment cultures derived from permafrost soil samples of the Mammoth Khayata tract and cultivated at 15 °C demonstrated a preference for insoluble Fe(III) oxide as an electron acceptor while utilizing acetate and formate as electron donors. Experimental data on the composition of microbial communities inhabiting permafrost soils were obtained through molecular biology and bioinformatics methods. Notably, this study presents a novel comparison between the composition of a naturally occurring microbial community that developed over an extended period under natural conditions at low temperatures, and a laboratory-cultivated microbial community. The results demonstrate that prokaryotic communities of the soils of Arctic ecosystems of Yakutia are phylogenetically diverse despite the cold and oligotrophic (nutrient-poor) conditions. While representatives of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla dominate in natural samples of tundra soil (~30-50 %), the cultivated microbial community obtained in vitro from natural samples was dominated by Firmicutes (38 %).
G.V. Anikin, K.A. Spasennikova
Tyumen Research Centre, Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
Keywords: permafrost, soil, seasonal cooling unit, condenser, pipeline, evaporator
A new constructive device for temperature stabilization of frozen soils is suggested. The advantage of the proposed system is the ability to install the evaporative part of the system under construction and operating facilities. The difference from analogs is the ability to repair and replace individual evaporator pipes without dismantling the entire device while maintaining its high freezing capacity. To assess the efficiency of the proposed system, an analytical mathematical model of its functioning has been developed. The modeling of the functioning of the seasonal cooling device for the climatic conditions of the Arctic cities Varandey, Salekhard, and Igarka has been carried out. It is shown that this device can always freeze the soil under emergency buildings and structures.
Deglaciation history of the Syltrankel high-mountain lake basin (Mt. Elbrus region, Northern Caucasus) from the end of the 19th to the end of the 20th centuries was reconstructed. In 2022, a comprehensive examination of the area was carried out, including sampling of the bottom sediments and following radioisotope dating, structural and textural analysis. Simultaneously, a set of published sources; topographic maps; ground, satellite, and aerial photographs; and field observations was analyzed to determine the positions of the edges of glaciers at different times. In the formation of bottom sediments, four stages were identified correlating with the state of mountain glaciation and changes in the configuration of the lake’s drainage area. Converging results obtained on the basis of independent sources indicate the high methodological value of studying bottom sediments of mountain lakes as one of the few environmental archives that record glaciation changes in the dynamic conditions of high mountains.
Svetlana V. Ovchinnikova1, Irina V. Sokolova2 1Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
Keywords: Boraginaceae, type specimens, lectotypification, Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE), Asian Russia
The research was carried out as part of the ongoing study of the taxonomy of Boraginaceae in Asian Russia and beyond, as well as in connection with the preparation of the next issue of the “Catalogue of type specimens of vascular plants of Siberia and the Russian Far East”. The article contains information on 138 type specimens of the names of 33 taxa from the Boraginaceae, mainly stored in the collection of the sector of Siberia and the Russian Far East of the Herbarium of the V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE, St. Petersburg, Russia), as well as in the collection of A.P. de Candolle in the Herbarium of the Conservatory and Botanical Garden of Geneva (Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la ville de Genève - G-DC, Geneva, Switzerland), Herbarium of C.L. Willdenow in the collection of the Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität Berlin - B, BW, Berlin, Germany), as well as in the Herbaria P, BM, K, M, MEL, HAL, H, TK, BR, C, S (scanned images of herbarium specimens are hosted on the Global Plants on JSTOR aggregator). For each type specimen, its category, original label quotation, protologue data, accepted correct name, and necessary notes are provided. A total of 27 lectotypes, 49 isolectotypes, 24 syntypes, 4 holotypes, 2 epitypes, 4 isoepitypes, 4 neotypes, and 24 original specimens are listed. The lectotypes of 21 names of species, the epitypes of 2 names of species, and the neotype of 1 name of species are designated. The categories of the types of 5 previously typified names are clarified. The surveyed type collections contain specimens of the species described by P.S. Pallas, J.G.C. Lehmann, K.F. Ledebour, A. Chamisso, N.S. Turczaninow, A.P. de Candolle (father) and Alph. de Candolle (son), K.I. Maximowicz, V.L. Komarov, M.G. Popov and other researchers of the Siberian and Far Eastern flora. The earliest collections belong to Pallas and I. Sievers.
Steppes and xeric meadows represent the most important element of zonal complexes in steppe and forest-steppe zones, as well as the corresponding altitudinal belts in mountains. These communities are floristically rich and extremely difficult to classify. The article revises the system of floristic classification of Siberian steppes and meadows representing the class Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. in Br.-Bl. 1947. A formalized cluster analysis of 70 associations from Siberia, Kazakhstan, the Cis-Urals, the Urals and Trans-Urals was carried out (Fig. 1). OrderBrachypodietalia pinnati Korneck 1974 (Syntax. syn. Stipetalia sibiricae Korolyuk et Makunina 2001) in Siberia and the adjacent regions of Kazakhstan unites communities of xeric meadows and meadow steppes. It includes 4 alliances and 27 associations.
Igor A. Artemov
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: vascular plants, synopsis of species, protected species, Western Tannu-Ola Range, Tyva Republic
Floras of mountain territories are of interest due to their species richness. The purpose of this work was to compile a checklist of the flora of the Western Tannu-Ola Range, to reveal protected species of the flora and species that were not previously indicated for the nature region of Tyva, to which the territory of the range belongs. To compile the checklist, data from the author’s expeditions in 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2014 and 2019 were used, as well as the herbarium by other botanists collected on the Western Tannu-Ola Range in 1946-1993 and stored in the Herbaria of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (NS, NSK). The herbarium was collected in 27 localities, rather evenly distributed over the territory of the range and its foothills. Electronic databases of field records and herbarium specimen labels, created by the author in MS Access, were used in checklist compiling for obtaining information on the distribution and ecological features of species on the Western Tannu-Ola Range. The flora of the Western Tannu-Ola Range comprises 981 species and subspecies of vascular plants which belong to 344 genera and 79 families. The 10 biggest families are Asteraceae (119 species and subspecies), Poaceae (106), Fabaceae (67), Rosaceae (64), Caryophyllaceae (53), Cyperaceae (50), Ranunculaceae (48), Brassicaceae (45), Lamiaceae (35) and Scrophulariaceae (30). All the ten largest families are the same as the ten largest families of the Boreal Region. The family Fabaceae is one of the three largest families of the flora, what was revealed for the flora of the adjacent Tsagan-Shibetu Range and what is peculiar for the Turan floras in the Middle Asia and the flora of Mongolia in the Central Asia. These facts apparently are due tо situation of the Western Tannu-Ola Range on the world watershed, as a result of what its flora has features of both North Asian and Central Asian floras. Twenty six species of the flora are under federal or regional protection and are included into the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation and/or the Red Data Book of the Tyva Republic as rare or reducing in number.
Alyona S. Tretyakova1, Alyona D. Vakhrusheva2, Nikolay Yu. Grudanov1, Elena V. Pismarkina1, Stepan A. Senator3, Dmitriy A. Philippov4 1Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia 2Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia 3Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the RAS, Moscow, Russia 4Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters RAS, Borok, Russia
Keywords: mires, flora of vascular plants, Red Data Book, specially protected natural areas, rare species, Sverdlovsk Region
The presented work contains the results of studying the floristic diversity of vascular plants in protected mires in the southern part of the Sverdlovsk Region (Russia). The studies were carried out on four peat lowland plain mires: Boloto u ozera Kukuyan, Belskoye, Savvateevskiy Ryam and Bakhmetskoe. The article provides a list of discovered species of vascular plants. In total, 135 species of vascular plants belonging to 88 genera, 46 families and 5 divisions were identified in the flora of the studied mires. The leading families in terms of the number of species are Cyperaceae, Rosaceae, Poaceae, Salicaceae, Asteraceae and Ericaceae, the leading genera are Carex and Salix. A relatively low level of species similarity between the mires floras under consideration was revealed - the average value of the Jaccard coefficient is 0.25. The highest values of similarity coefficients (0.37) were noted for the flora of geographically close bogs - Bakhmetsky and Belsky, located on the territory of the Pripyshminskiye Bory National Park. The flora is dominated by plurizonal and boreal species with a wide distribution (Holarctic, European-West Asian and Eurasian). Among the biomorphological groups, polycarpic herbs are of significant importance (83 species, 62 %) of which 37 % are rhizomatous plants. In the studied mires, cenopopulations of 2 rare species listed in the Red Data Book of the Sverdlovsk Region were recorded (Neottianthe cucullata, Platanthera bifolia). In addition to rare species, the studied peat bogs serve as a habitat for relict plants. For example, Calluna vulgaris grows in the Bakhmetskoe mire.
The article reports the results of the following studies: seasonal development, seed production and embryo conditions in the mature seeds of Delphinium grandiflorum L. The research was done over two years (2021-2022). The species successfully goes through all phenophases, one generative shoot forms 299-700 pcs. seeds. For the first time, significant differences were revealed in the number of flowers and fruits on the main axis of synflorescence and paracladia of various orders, as well as in the number of ovules in flowers and seeds in fruits located on different parts of synflorescence. The article presents the influence of vegetation period hydrothermal conditions on seed productivity and quality of seeds. The weather conditions of 2022 year were the most favorable for the growth and development of D. grandiflorum, which was expressed in the early beginnings of phenophases, high seed productivity, and the more developed embryos in mature seeds. This may be due to the fact that during the budding and flowering of D. grandiflorum there were absence of significant fluctuations in air temperature and humidity. D. grandiflorum plants are promising for cultivation in Western Siberia according to the following reproductive indicators: seasonal development, seed productivity and development of embryos in seeds.
Elena N. Podgaevskaya, Natalya V. Zolotareva
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Keywords: rare plant species, monitoring, regional flora, Red Book of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area, Western Siberia, Tyumen Region
The difficult natural conditions of the Purovsky District of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area determine the insufficient floristic knowledge of this territory. The high degree of anthropogenic transformation of the vegetation of the area makes it necessary to identify habitats of rare plant species in order to preserve and restore their numbers. The expedition studies carried out by the authors in 2019 allowed us to obtain new information about the distribution of 6 rare plant species. Three species (Corallorhiza trifida Chatel., Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmelin) Rupr., Neottia cordata (L.) Rich.) have small locations within the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area and were first found in the Purovsky district. For three species (Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br., Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó, Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub), new locations have been identified that are significantly removed from previously known ones. Three species are included in the main list of the Red Book of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area (Corallorhiza trifida, Dactylorhiza fuchsii, Lycopodiella inundata), two - in the Appendix to it (Botrychium multifidum, Goodyera repens). A rare species of the Orchidaceae family, Neottia cordata, was previously known from two localities in the mountainous part of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area; two new localities were identified in the Purovsky district. In one of them, a large population of Neottia cordata was noted, which is of particular importance for the conservation of the species, because Currently, the number of localities in the Russian part of Neottia cordata is decreasing. The species needs protection and should be included in the Red Book of the region. The presented data complements information on the distribution of rare plant species and is necessary for further monitoring.
Based on studies of the biota of agaricoid basidiomycetes in Southern Siberia, information is provided on the morphology, distribution and ecological association of 3 new agaricomycete species for the mycobiota of Siberia: Hemimycena tortuosa (P.D. Orton) Redhead, Entoloma formosum (Fr.) Noordel., E. sublaevisporum Vila, Noordel. et O.V. Morozova, found in steppe and forest communities of Western and Eastern Siberia. The species Hemimycena tortuosa is also new to Russia.The specimens of this species are kept in the Herbarium of M.G. Popov of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS (NSK).
Valentina Nesterovna Vasilyeva is one of the leading breeders and introducers of sunflower seeds in Siberia. All her scientific activities were connected with the Botanical garden in Novosibirsk. A number of varieties of apple, currant, gooseberry, in the breeding of which she took part, are zoned for Northern Kazakhstan, Western Siberia and other regions of Russia.
