Home – Home – Jornals – 2021 number 2

The article provides a historical digression into the population census as the only tool that makes it possible to assess the current socio-economic and socio-demographic situation in a particular territory. The possible factors causing distrust and fear among the population that arise in the process of organizing and conducting this labor-intensive process are listed. Among them: legal support; methodological foundation; consciousness and responsibility of scribes; psychological attitude of respondents.

In the last decade of the XXth century, Russian employers began to experience difficulties with the selection of qualified personnel. The current situation was due to a structural imbalance between the supply and demand of labor and a general decline in the level of skilled personnel employed in industry. Over the years of reforms associated with the transition to market relations, the Russian industry has lost a significant number of production personnel, including people with the highest qualifications. The acute shortage, and sometimes the staff shortage, which many enterprises of the country are experiencing today are mainly of a structural nature, since the country uses technologies of different technological modes, and resource constraints on economic development from the supply of labor and its quality generations are poorly counted. According to various estimates, from 40 to 60 % of graduates of educational institutions do not work in their specialty and do not stay in the first place of work for a long period. Most leave after six months or a year. But the economy is changing rapidly. It is becoming innovative, high-tech and digital. The noted processes lead to the growth of the importance of the human factor and increase the requirements for people who enter the economy and must move it forward. For this, among other conditions, it is necessary to advance training of young personnel in the framework of newly emerging professions and even to «run ahead» somewhat in this matter. Since one of the main problems of Russian professional education today is the quality of training of specialists and qualified personnel, mastering a set of skills, characteristic of newly emerging professions and industries. The main trends against which the formation of today’s 6-14-year-old generation will take place are the subject of this article. The fourth industrial revolution is closely related to the latest technological advances - digitalization, robotization, the creation of artificial intelligence, etc., which in the short term will lead to the following: - about half of all existing professions will die out in the next decade; a huge mass of people will be without work, as the world will enter an era of high technological unemployment; the rate of technological change will be so high that workers physically do not keep up with retraining for new specialties, continuously replenishing the army of the unemployed. As a result of these transformations, not only the level, but also the structure of labor demand is changing - some professions become obsolete, others are replenished. J. Schumpeter said that the process of industrial mutation continuously reconstructs the economic structure from the inside, destroying the old and creating a new one.

The article examines the theoretical and legal aspects of waste management, describes the state of the waste management sector in Russia and the problems associated with it. On the basis of cluster analysis, regional differentiation in the considered sphere is determined. The efficiency of waste management in terms of current costs and investments in fixed assets, aimed at preventing the harmful effects of waste, for the national economy and at the level of the regions of Russia is assessed. The directions of improving of waste management sphere in Russia are formulated.

In the context of the current heat of global hypercompetition for the future, technological and social transformations, the deployment of the digital economy, the scale of the penetration of artificial intelligence into all spheres of life, the formation of human-centered and other models of the economy, including the model of Society 5.0, One of the priority issues on the agenda is assessment of the state of readiness of the transition to a new technological order. In this context, the article defines the conceptual framework for monitoring the readiness of the transition to a new technological order. The main obstacles that impede the receipt of complete and comprehensive information about digital transformation in the economy and its effectiveness, the scale and consequences of the introduction of artificial intelligence and technologies of the sixth technological order in the economy and the social sphere are identified. The analysis of the current state of scientific and technological development for a number of indicators is presented.

The paper gives a characteristic of a complex project for the development of the territory of Aerotropolis Tolmachevo, provides forecast estimates of the necessary capital expenditures for its implementation. In the course of the study, the advantages of placing business facilities in the airport zone for the main economic entities were identified, an assessment of the most important economic indicators of the Aerotropolis zone is given. The most important conditions for the implementation of the project have been formulated. It is concluded that the implementation of the complex project Aerotropolis Tolmachevo will become an important step in the spatial development of Russia, cementing its economic space and increasing its competitive position in the world economy.

The relevance of the study is due to the active implementation of IT technologies in various aspects of companies, which gives special importance to the development of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of projects in a highly uncertain environment. The paper presents the methodology and assesses the effectiveness of IT projects using binomial «decision tree» model and iterative risk assessment metamodel «Lean Canvas». The comparative assessment of IT project efficiency using discounted cash flow method, binomial «decision tree» model and Black-Scholes model was carried out. The results have shown the advantage of option-based approach to the evaluation of IT project efficiency in comparison with the traditional DCF method, which allows to build flexibility in the planning and management of the project, assess its potential and consider the uncertainties as additional opportunities for profit.

The Russian segment of the web services market in the online environment, on the platform of the Upwork freelance exchange, is considered, its key characteristics, the composition of participants, development trends are highlighted, and the market structure is identified. It is found that despite the low barriers to entry, the web development market is very stable, since the composition of entrenched firms that have been operating for more than six years remains. The pricing policy of most Russian companies indicates that they work in the middle price segment and have low budgets, which is due to the specifics of the foreign market and high competition.

The paper shows the influence of activity of regional corporations at stock market on the development of regional economy in general. Various scientific approaches to the assessment of the influence of financial markets on overall economic situation were considered in the course of the research. The need for detailed study of functioning of regional securities markets, as well as detailed study of their peculiarities and courses of development was revealed. The methods of analysis of regional results of activities of legal entities at securities market were developed on the basis of tax reporting of issuers and assessment of investment attractiveness of regions. The following tasks were solved: study of the normative base regarding dealings of legal entities at stock market, analysis of investment attractiveness of regions, analysis of indicators of statistical tax reporting, development of the methods of assessment of business activity of organizations at stock market, carrying out the assessment of correlation dependence of the indicators of investment attractiveness of regions and statistical tax reporting with gross regional product of the Siberian Federal District entities. Following the assessment results a conclusion of the dependence of economic development of the region with its investment potential and dynamics of corporate investment activity in the respective territory was drawn. Tax incentive of investment activity of regional companies was marked as significant direction of state policy at securities market.

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern European model types of crowdfunding and the Russian practice of crowdfunding. The methodological component of the work was made up of general scientific and special methods, which include statistical and comparative analysis. The purpose of this study is to compare the modern European crowdfunding market with the Russian alternative finance market. At the first stage, the process of transformation of model types of crowdfunding in the European region and the UK from 2015 to the present has been studied. At the second stage, the situation on the Russian crowdfunding market is considered. As a result of the comparison of the European and Russian alternative finance markets, the latter has revealed a huge lag in terms of the variety of model types of crowdfunding offered, available and used on the market, as well as the volume of resources attracted through crowdfunding platforms.

The maintenance of civil peace and harmony in the Russian state from time immemorial has been defined as a priority that allows maintaining the integrity of both state and territorial. Global processes taking place in the world, epidemic waves of viruses, incessant local wars, diligent attempts to separate people and peoples bring to the fore the need to consolidate society in order to ensure the national security of the country. In this context, the importance of statistics increases, which significantly affects the perception of the dominant values by society, forms the attitude of people to the state policy being pursued. At the same time, the understanding of statistical information (figures, data) in a number of cases does not correspond to reality, making it difficult to adequately assess the existing situation, which is associated with an insufficient level of statistical literacy of the population, officials and specialists in various fields of activity.

The market of one of the most basic participants of the market of housing and communal services - credit organizations is considered. A statistical analysis of mortgage housing lending in Russia was carried out, the classification of the regions of the Russian Federation according to two groups of indicators was carried out: according to the indicators of the housing and communal services market and indicators of the level of socio-economic development of regions by cluster analysis methods and it was shown that not all regions (36 regions) correspond to their levels of groups according to two groups of indicators. The reasons for the development of regions according to the state of development of the housing and communal services market are revealed.

With the active development of the Russian stock market, new types of unfair practices and forms of illegal behavior of its participants appear. One of the latest problems that attracted the attention of the Central Bank of Russia was the influence of Telegram channels on the dynamics of shares in the Russian stock market. In order to comprehensively study the problem, based on the analysis of the publications of Telegram channels devoted to investment topics, the author identified 3 channels that most often publish investment ideas in order to influence the dynamics of the shares of a particular company. Next, 73 publications of trading ideas were selected and, using the Thomson Reuters Eikon database, the daily and weekly data on the dynamics of the stocks of the companies in the sample were downloaded. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, the mechanism and the degree of influence of the publications of Telegram channels on the dynamics of shares of individual companies of the Russian stock market, as well as the potential excessive profitability that could be obtained by administrators of Telegram channels, were determined.

Most of the authors single out megacities as a special form of settlement, and speak of exceeding the level and pace of socio-economic development. Megacities attract enterprises of various business areas, as it is believed that this will have a positive impact on their development. In this paper, we assess the industry structure of the largest cities, analyze its differences from smaller territories, and conduct a discriminant analysis in order to identify the subjects of the Russian Federation that are predisposed to the appearance of a metropolis in them.

The article presents the models used in the planning of production with unstable technology. This issue is becoming increasingly important for universities in connection with the transition of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education to the new principle of planning a state order for specialists, when the admission figures in the state assignment turn into release figures. For successful work in these conditions, universities are forced to change their system of planning for the training of specialists. The considered models are a proven tool for determining the size of the contingent and the necessary resources, which must be launched into the educational process in order to fulfill the state order by a given deadline.

The role and significance of the information infrastructure of the entrepreneurial structures of the agro-industrial complex, which is directly related to innovative development and security, due to the improvement of information support, are disclosed. This research presents an overview of approaches to ensuring the security of information infrastructure objects in an attempt to illustrate their effectiveness in its operation. The importance of information as a productive resource was emphasized of the authors. Thus, the article formulates the perspective of the transition to «smart» agriculture with the support of the updated information infrastructure.

Modern crop production in the conditions of total reduction of tilled area is one of the priorities in effective farming. The adaptive intensification of crop production, which provides sustainable growth of yield, resource conservation and ecological safety, requires increase of financing and involvement of plant protection measures in the mechanism of state support, the use of genetic selection potential of plants, the use of agrotechnical measures, technical and technological upgrade, for the purpose of adjustment of arable crops growth conditions, improvement of grain quality, as well as soil conservation and enrichment. Scientifically proven measures regarding plant protection against hazardous organisms play a special role in the mechanism of state support and stimulation of agricultural goods producers. This approach will make it possible to abandon abusive application of chemical agents and replace them with biological ones against the same variety of pathogens; it will facilitate increase in arable crops yield, improve of quality of goods produced, cost saving and growth of net profit, in comparison with traditional technologies, as well as mitigate risks related to the influence of chemical agents on the environment. It will increase the field competitiveness both at internal and external market. The offered measures were developed with provision for the WTO requirements which make it binding to implement the methods of state support without distorting influence of activities of companies, i.e. implement the support within the «green box». The «green box» includes the costs of plant protection measures and productive infrastructure formation.

Currently, several studies have been conducted about overspending of funds in large-scale projects, including transport. International studies show that overspending by 20-100 % is not an exception, but an established fact. The article presents the results of comparing the estimated cost with the actual costs for several large-scale transport projects that were implemented on the territory of Russia. The conclusion is made about the need for a systematic analysis when evaluating the effectiveness of projects of this class.

This article is devoted to the study of the consequences of social isolation of elderly Muscovites during the spread of coronavirus infection. The author draws attention to the fact that the informal isolation of the older generation has existed for a long time, but only in the new conditions associated with the pandemic, the «home mode» of life in old age was fixed by law. Social isolation is considered as a risk to the life and health of the older generation. It is shown how unprecedented restrictive measures of the Government affected the psycho-emotional and physical health of elderly people, and the tasks of the state to reduce the vulnerability, ensure the safety and resilience of the elderly were not solved.

The article presents the results of two sociological studies carried out for the purpose of research of motivation of obtaining a higher education and factors of selection of a higher educational institution by foreign students, revelation of problems and elaboration of recommendations for their solution. It was revealed that foreign students in general praise obtaining a higher education, and that motivational postulates of obtaining education include not only commercial goals but cultural as well. It was established that Russian education is praised by foreign students in terms of quality, and that foreign students seek Russian education purposefully. It was found that Russia is a financially attractive country for foreign students, including employment. The study demonstrated a great significance of the website and social media of a higher educational institute for making decision on obtaining education in this higher educational institute. The results of the study showed that the level of competence in higher educational institutes of the city conforms to the requirements of foreign students and satisfies their demands maximally. At the same time several problems were revealed relating to training of foreign students: language problems; problems in training; communicational problems; social and cultural problems and social and everyday problems. Several recommendations were made to solve those problems.

The article compares the changes in the demographic situation in the Republic of Khakassia with the regional demographic development of the neighboring republics of Altai and Tyva, as well as Krasnoyarsk Krai against the background of Siberian and all-Russian trends for the period 1990-2020. A comparative analysis of the main indicators of population reproduction of these territories was carried out using the method of multi-regional demographic analysis of dynamic series based on Rosstat data. The conclusion is made about the decrease in the level of demographic security in recent years in the Republic of Khakassia, as well as the country as a whole, due first to a decrease in fertility, and then an increase in mortality against the background of the population ageing.

The paper presents the experimental study on the influence of parameters of a multi-jet impingement spray on the cooling efficiency for a large flat surface. The study is based on common principes for engineering systems with high-rate heat and mass transfer using the impinging jets; this enables the draining of hogh heat loads with a low flow rate of the coolant. These results, along with using the Nusselt and Reynolds criteria, give the approach for estimating the aggregated efficiency of heat transfer coefficient while cooling with a multi-jet impingement spray.

In industry, there is a whole class of heat exchangers with low values of specific heat fluxes: evaporators of refrigerating machines, steam generators of binary freon stations, steam generators of heat pumps, etc. Such heat exchange modes are realized when boiling in the film is just beginning, and the intensity of heat exchange during evaporation is commensurate with the heat exchange during boiling. The article presents the results of an experimental study of heat transfer during boiling on copper finned pipes, the entire surface of which is subjected to special treatment in an air stream containing corundum particles with the size below 500 microns. The result of such treatment is a significant decrease in the temperature head, at which boiling and a noticeable intensification of heat transfer, compared to a finned pipe without treatment with corundum particles, begin.

The paper presents an experimental study of the processes of ignition and combustion for a stoichiometrical propane-oxygen mixture in a closed volume (a single cylinder of internal combustion engine). The object of study was the dynamics of gas ignition and combustion in a cylinder of diameter D = 72 mm and height h = 4 mm as a function of location of N spark points for ignition ( N = 1÷9) under the condition of simultaneous ignitions. The big number of ignition points reduces the interval for generating the force impact on the engine’s piston and increases the maximum amplitude of the force.

A Raman spectrometer with the full use of energy of the probing laser radiation, repeatedly passing through the object of study to increase the scattering, is described. In a flame of a propane and air mixture, the local values of temperature and composition of gases were measured simultaneously with broadband registration of Raman spectra. The results of their processing using the original software are presented.

The paper presents the study of oxidation of benzene, pyridine, and pyrrole in a dense steam at uniform heating of the reactor. The time dependencies for temperature and pressure of reaction mixtures suggest that the fuel oxidation is enhanced by catalytic action of the Pt-Rh/Pt thermocouple inserted into the center of the reaction volume. It was shown that the fuel ignition temperature T _in^* increases within the fuel molecular series C₆H₆ < C₅H₅N < C₄H₄NH. The higher fuel equivalence ratio and steam density create a lower T _in^*. The benzene oxidation is a dual-stage process and it is described by low carbon burning. For a lean fuel mixture, combustion of pyridine occurs with detonation due to shock waves generation in the vicinity of the Pt-Rh/Pt thermocouple. The higher density of steam prevents the complete burnout of fuel. These features of fuel combustion are explained by differences in molecular structure and reactants adsorption on the platinum surface.

Studies of nonstationary conductive heat transfer on a cylindrical surface are presented in the approximation when the thickness of the thermal boundary layer is less than the surface diameter. The temperature profiles at the cylindrical surface and the specific heat flux on this surface are obtained. Using the experimentally established law for the stationary mode of thermal conduction of a cylindrical surface (Nu = 0.5), the value of the Fourier number at which the stationary mode occurs (Fo = 1.27) is determined. For mantle plumes having conduit diameters d = (7.4 _¸ 85)×10³ m, the time of plume ascent to the surface t _a and the time of establishment of the stationary conductive heat transfer t _s are estimated depending on the dimensionless value Ka = N / N_H , where N is the thermal power at the base of the plume, and N_H is the thermal power transferred from the plume conduit to the surrounding mantle in stationary mode. For Ka = 0.97 _¸ 1.58 ( t _a / t _s = ¥ _¸ 1) and Ka = 1.58 _¸ 129 ( t _a / t _s = 1 _¸ 0.005), the effect of unsteady heat transfer to the sur-rounding mantle on the plume ascent to the surface is shown and it is established that for Ka > 4 ( t _a / t _s < 0.19, d > 15 km), the effect of unsteadiness during the plume rise may be neglected.

A mathematical model of dissolution of a titanium carbide particle in a titanium melt containing nano-sized refractory particles is developed. The model allows one to study the influence of the parameters of the medium with nanoparticles on the stability of dissolution of refractory compounds under the conditions of laser cladding of a nano-modified coating with a hardening phase (titanium carbide). The time needed for the carbon-containing chemical compound to dissolve is determined as a function of the concentration of the nano-modifying additive, inclusion size, and melt temperature. It is found that the presence of nanoparticles in the fluid reduces the mass transfer intensity, resulting in a longer time of solid inclusion dissolution.

The results of studies of solid tungsten rod-type cathodes in different gases are presented. The thermal states of the electrodes under the action of cathode plasma, radiation and joule heat release are determined. The thermal nature of the rate of destruction (erosion) of the thermocathode is shown depending on the main determining parameters of the arc discharge and the design features of the cathode node. The obtained experimental data indicate the possibility of a long service life of W-cathodes in technological plasma torches.

The paper presents the results of simulation and experimental study on the efficiency of selecting a pair of excitation lines of OH hydroxyl radical for the (1-0) transition for the A²Σ⁺-X²Π system for local temperature measurement in a hydrocarbon flame. The LASKIN software was used for the numerical simulation. The temperature field for a laminar methane-air premixed flame (with equivalence ratio equal 1.1) at the atmopsheric pressure was measured. Different combinations of literature-recommended pairs of excitation lines were considered. The results of numerical simulation agree with a theoretical dependency for the temperature range of 1200 - 2100 K for the coupled excitation lines Q₁(5):Q₁(14) and Q₁(5):Q₂(11). However, a moderate discrepancy is observed for the pairs R₂(2):R₂(13) and R₂(2):R₂(10). It is concluded that the coupled excitation of Q₁(5):Q₁(14) and R₂(2):R₂(13) lines provide a higher sensitivity to the temperature variation. The benefit of the latter pair is that these transitions correspond to close values of the excitation wavelengths in the vicinity of 282 nm. Therefore, this can be convenient for the arrangement of experiments.

Studies of hydrodynamics and heat exchange of an alcohol-water mixture during its circulation through a heated cylindrical channel are carried out. Non-azeotropic and azeotropic mixtures with a mass concentration of a volatile component of 22 and 95 %, respectively, are used as the working fluid. The experiments are realized at a pressure of 0.018-0.02 MPa. The working section is made of stainless-steel pipe with an outer diameter of 8 mm and a length of 4 m. For visual observation of the composition of the two-phase flow, an optical section installed behind the working section is used. Experiments show that the formation of a vapor phase during the circulation of a non-azeotropic mixture through a heated channel begins at a wall temperature below the equilibrium temperature of the mixture. The governing condition for vaporization is the excess of the wall temperature over the equilibrium temperature of the volatile component.

The study deals with unsteady heat transfer between a spherical encapsulated nanoparticle with a phase transition material as a core and the ambient medium. The calculations take into account the Kapitsa’s contact thermal resistance at the nanoparticle interface. It was demonstrated that this phenomenon can be critical for heat transfer in nanofluids.

The problem of sustainable economic development is acutely manifested in the Arctic regions, which is due to the vulnerability of the Arctic infrastructure to climate change and landscape transformations. The reasons for deformations of buildings and structures in the Russian Arctic are considered. The problems and prospects for the development of the permafrost monitoring network are identified as the basis for the development of technical solutions for adapting the Arctic infrastructure to climate change. The analysis of technological solutions for control and ensuring the reliability of the bearing capacity of foundations by methods of regulating the state of permafrost soils is presented, a preliminary analysis of the economic efficiency of protective measures is carried out, the cost of which is at least an order of magnitude less than the expected damage to infrastructure by the middle of the century.

The ability of snow cover to accumulate airborne substances allows to analyze spatiotemporal geochemical patterns and to detect polluted areas. Spatial features of geochemical regional distribution of dust deposited in the snow cover in areas remote from industrial centers were identified. The snow cover of Tomsk, Shegarka and Kozhevnikovo districts of the Tomsk region was chosen to be the object of the research. The observations were carried out in the period from 1995 to 2000. The measurements of melt snow filtrate included: pH, concentrations of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, while the solid residue was analyzed for heavy metal contents (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co, Mn, Cr, Ni) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The average snow cover depth is evenly distributed in the study area and varies from year to year. Contents of dust, ammonia (), phosphorus (P₂O₅), Mg in snow on the forest floor significantly differ (an upward bias) from areas of arable land. Ions , alkaline and alkaline-earth elements show an increasing trend (relative to the background values) near the industrial zone. The levels of siderophilic and lithophilic elements, copper and zinc increase near the industrial zone of Tomsk agglomeration. Lead shows a mosaic distribution throughout the territory. In disparate locations (Batkat village, Komarovo fens), dust and heavy metals contents in the snow cover were found to be higher relative to the background values.

The results of geocryological studies in the Ytymdzha depression of the Aldan Shield have been presented. From 1999 to 2001, several exploration wells were drilled in the central part of the depression, which made it possible for the first time to obtain the information on the geotemperature field, the thermophysical properties of rocks and the thickness of the permafrost stratum. The long-term series of monitoring of the temperature regime of the active layer obtained for the bogged floodplain terrace, the upland terrace, and the slope of the southern exposure have been adduced. The temperature of rocks at a depth of 1 m varies from 4.8 to -11.7 °С, with average annual temperature ranging from -1.0 to -4.9 °С. The work has resulted in the sublongitudinal permafrost-geothermal section along the central part of the Ytymdzha depression, within which the thickness of permafrost varies from 106 to 251 m.

Remote sensing methods of retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) - also called thermocirques (TC) - study include identification of them on vast territories. The satellite imagery mosaic of the Yandex.Maps service covering the Yamal and Gydan peninsulas was innovatively used for this purpose. All RTS (TC) occurred at the lake coasts were classified as active and stabilized, the orientation of each RTS (TC) was determined. We identified 86 active and 20 stabilized RTS in the Yamal peninsula and 224 active RTS versus 109 stabilized in Gydan. The distribution of RTS orientation was found to be not random. Multiple comparison of RTS orientation over four directions showed statistically significant predominance of Northern RTS orientation over the Eastern, as well as Western orientation over the Eastern. At the same time, none of the orientations showed statistically significant predominance over all the others. No statistically significant relationship between RTS orientation and RTS activity was found.

The paper presents an estimate of annual precipitation amount for the winter period (1967-2006) in the basins of the Charysh and Anuy mountain rivers. A kinematic model for air mass movement when crossing orographic barriers is used for calculations. The initial data are monthly precipitation totals (November-March) obtained from meteorological and gaging stations located within the basins and at the adjacent territory. Based on the single-factor dependencies and multiple correlation/regression analysis, we assess the dependences of melt runoff depth on total precipitation for winter and flood (April-June) time periods for gaging stations “Charyshsky state farm” on Charysh river and “Anuysky state farm” on Anuy.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the conditions of occurrence and formation of subpermafrost waters, which have been exposed by wells in the Paleozoic, Triassic terrigenous rocks and the Lower Cretaceous granitoids of the Chukotka Upland. In the Paleozoic strata, the confined subpermafrost waters were exposed at depths from 223 to 340 m. The specific yield of wells varies from 0.01 to 0.5 L/(s·m), the composition is predominantly chloride, mineralization ranges from 0.2 to 1.3 g/dm³. In the Triassic rocks at depths from 100 to 300 m, the piezometric surface of waters is higher than the wellhead levels by 3-4 m and up to 58.4 m. The specific yield of wells varies from 0.00001 to 0.25 L/(s·m). The waters are chloride, hydrocarbonate and sulphate, salinity ranges from 0.1 to 3.1 g/dm³. In granitoid massifs, the thickness of permafrost near the sea coast is about 100 m; on the watersheds, it is about 450 m. The specific yield of wells varies from 0.0001 to 0.013 L/(s·m). The obtained data, confirmed by the magnetotelluric sounding, indicate the development of hydrogeological massifs composed of igneous and metamorphosed rocks in the upland. Structures with quasi-stratum fracture reservoirs, associated with overthrusts and faults, were formed in the terrigenous Triassic strata. The impermeable fault planes divide the quasi-strata into sections, which are poorly interconnected hydraulically. For this reason, in the Triassic subpermafrost strata, the stagnant or extremely impeded water exchange predominates persisting for more than 400 thousand years; in the hydrogeological massifs, the water exchange is more active.

A modular multi-channel seismic acquisition system for exploration in mines is developed. A brief description of the seismic station is given. Circuit design solutions providing a special explosion-proof level of protection PO (Ma) are proposed.

The results of monitoring man-induced seismic activity using Ermak-5 seismic control station in the mining area of the Kalinovskaya-Vostochnaya mine are considered. Places, intensity, and causes of seismic events recorded at the depth of coal seam mining and affecting the nearby residential areas are determined.

A method is proposed to control misalignment of boreholes drilled in parallel to one another for the purpose of stress measurement in rock mass. The method includes the analysis of displacements of the measurement hole boundary along different orientations of a strain gauge during step-by-step loading of the disturbance hole boundary. This method allows determining the angle of possible horizontal or vertical offset of axis connecting the hole centers. The calculated offset angles are compared with the actual tacheometric survey data on the center coordinates of holes.