Trees and shrubs in the LANDSCAPING of the city of BOKHTAR (Tajikistan): assessment and recommendations
Saifiddin Kh. Davlatzoda1, Aziz H. Ibragimov1, Jamoliddin M. Bobokalonov2, Elena V. Baikova3, Konstantin S. Baikov3
1Nosir Khusrav Bokhtar State University, Bokhtar, Tajikistan
2Tajik National University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
3Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: woody plants, trees, shrubs, introduction, urban landscaping, landscape design, phenology, Republic of Tajikistan
Abstract
The paper presents the results of a survey of tree plantings in the city of Bokhtar (Khatlon region of the Republic of Tajikistan). About 180 species of trees and shrubs currently used in urban landscaping. Most of them are deciduous trees. However, the main share of Bokhtar trees, which retain decorative qualities for a long time, are evergreen coniferous plants from the genera Juniperus , Pinus , Cupressus , and Thuja . Most of deciduous trees have high decorative qualities, but they are less stable in local climate. These ones create a variety of urban landscapes, but they are more demanding on growing conditions and agricultural techniques, so the areas occupied by these species are much smaller. Exotic fruit trees such as Citrus and palm species need of additional care and protection and have limited use in landscaping of Bokhtar city. We carried out phenological observations, assessed the stability and decorativeness, and developed the assortment of woody plants recommended for landscaping of Bokhtar. It includes 39 promising species combined into 5 groups, in accordance with their biological characteristics and use in landscape design. Optimal propagation methods identified for the most valuable species. Seed propagation recommended for all species except Salix babylonica and Paulownia tomentosa . Vegetative propagation by cuttings of shoots recommended for 11 species of deciduous trees, for coniferous trees - only Thuja occidentalis . Recommendations on the use of trees and shrubs in Bokhtar landscaping take into account the features of the urban landscape, the architectural and planning solution of the landscaping site and its functional purpose. We recommend to plant groups of trees to create large-scale compositions in the architectural space, tall trees for central city streets landscaping, public gardens and parks. Conversely, in residential areas we recommend planting of low-growing trees as protective ones. Trees for boulevards landscaping and along highways must be resistant to exhaust fumes, temperature changes, low humidity and soil compaction.
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