CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS IN THE ARCTIC WITH THE APPLICATION OF GRANULATED FOAM-GLASS CERAMICS IN THEIR BASES
K.S. Ivanov1, A.A. Melnikova2
1Earth Cryosphere Institute, Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Malygina str. 86, Tyumen, 625026, Russia
2Tyumen Industrial University, Volodarskogo str. 38, Tyumen, 625000, Russia
Keywords: Arctic, permafrost, foundations, building construction, heat-insulating material
Abstract
The construction of heated buildings in the Arctic is considered. To increase the bearing capacity of the foundations via their preservation in the frozen state, an environmentally friendly heat-insulating material obtained from the Arctic raw materials (opal-cristobalite and zeolite rocks) has been proposed. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of insulation layer made of granular foam-glass ceramic on the basis of numerical modeling of the thermal interaction between the heated building and the frozen base. We have investigated the influence of protective screens, construction parameters of a dome-shaped building, and the thickness of insulation layer on the thermal regime of a frozen base over 30 years in comparison with the option without the use of special engineering measures. Calculations indicate that the safe exploitation of a heated building without traditional seasonal cooling devices and a ventilated underground is only possible with the use of protective screens. The building can have the shape of not only a dome but also an elongated ellipsoid of unlimited length. In this case, for building width of 6-8 m, the thickness of insulation layer should be 1.0-1.4 m. The proposed technology is promising to reduce the cost of low-rise Arctic construction, rational use of mineral resources, and preservation of the permafrost and Arctic landscapes.
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