B. SPINOZA IN THE HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONTEXT: PROCEEDING FROM TH. HOBBES
Vasiliy Pavlovich Goran
Institute of Philosophy and Law, Siberian Branch of the Russian Akademy of Sciences, 8, Nikolaev st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: Спиноза, Гоббс, рационализм, эмпирицизм, математика, механика, схоластический вербализм, бог, пространство, причина, свобода, необходимость, Spinoza, Hobbes, rationalism, empiricism, mathematics, mechanics, scholastic verbalism, God, space, cause, freedom, necessity
Abstract
The article compares positions of Spinoza and Hobbes regarding the issues which they solve in a partly similar or even coincident way, as well as differently, often to a great extent. Such a comparison made it possible to clarify important components of the doctrines of both philosophers. First of all, we reveal that Hobbes, who declared his adherence to empiricism, actually recognized the independent role of the human mind in the creation of mathematics and mechanics. We note that Spinoza and Hobbes were in a real solidarity with each other when rejecting churchmen’s scholastic verbalism and typical human ideas of God and biblical spirits. At the same time, we show that in his non-recognition of the divine nature of the human language, Spinoza is more consistent than Hobbes. Taking into account a mechanistic nature of the scientific picture of the world emerging in the 17th century, we reveal a specific character of both philosophers’ viewpoints concerning the issues of recognition of empty space, classification of causes and relationship of human freedom and necessity.
|
