Home – Home – Jornals – Philosophy of Sciences 2013 number 4

Main ontological battles in the modern scientific literature are fought in relation to the question under which circumstances and how one may tell about the existence of anything (and in any sense) exactly. While and since this question is not clarified, all other ontological talks resemble a clock with a pendulum taken off: it works, and works fast, but does not show time. The object of the paper is to clarify the mentioned question in respect to first-order languages and theories oriented to setting and solving some rather general problems.