SIBERIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Z.I. Kalugina
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 17, Ac. Lavrentiev av., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: человеческое развитие, социальные и региональные различия, бедность как препятствие человеческому развитию, human development, social and regional disparities, poverty as an obstacle to human development
Abstract
The article discusses the problems of human development in Siberian regions. It focuses on the regional aspects identified in the National Human Development Reports and defines necessary resources for human capital development. We recognize that, for a significant proportion of Siberians, poverty substantially restrains their development. It is concluded that there is an archaic social structure of the population with a high proportion of the poorest, a narrow swath of the middle class, and a measly share of the rich formed in Russia. Over the last decade, all the Siberian regions have shown a positive trend in human development. However, the human development indices fell far behind the national average. Having analyzed the indicators of human development in the regions of the Siberian Federal District, we conclude that the quality of life of the population exhibits spatial heterogeneity. The majority of the Siberian regions is attributed to the lower quality of life group. The conditions are most severe in the national republics: Tyva, Khakassia, and Buryatia, where mainly indigenous peoples reside. We notice high social inequality and regional barriers to the development of the human capital.
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