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Avtometriya

2016 year, number 4

1.
USING FUZZY SETS TO ESTIMATE THE GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF SURFACE DAMAGE

I. V. Konovalenko, O. A. Pastukh, P. O. Marushchak
Ivan Pulyui Ternopil National Technical University, ul. Russkaya 56, Ternopil, 46001 Ukraine
Keywords: распознавание изображений, распознавание повреждений, нечёткая квазиточка, нечёткая геометрия, нечёткое расстояние, image recognition, damage detection, quasi-point fuzzy, fuzzy geometry, fuzzy distance

Abstract >>
The problem of evaluating the influence of the variable parameters of the proposed surface defect detection algorithm on the result of its operation is considered. A method for estimating the effect of variable parameters on the recognized geometric characteristics of the surface damage network is proposed. This method is based on representing the basic zones of the skeleton of the surface damage network in the form of compact fuzzy sets in two-dimensional space (fuzzy quasi-points). The set of points of the recognized object obtained for various combinations of the test algorithm parameters is presented in the form of a fuzzy set with a certain membership function. A method of calculating the geometric parameters of the damage network (length and slope) by means of fuzzy geometry is considered, and its use in determining the geometric parameters of the damage network of the roller of a continuous casting machine is demonstrated.



2.
EFFECT OF THE BEAM PATTERN ON THE QUALITY OF OBJECT IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION IN CIRCULAR APERTURE SYNTHESIS

V. P. Yushchenko, S. A. Litvinenko
Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk 630073
Keywords: синтезированная апертура, траекторный доплеровский сигнал, реконструкция изображения, передаточная функция точки, опорные траекторные сигналы, корреляционная обработка, synthetic aperture, trajectory Doppler signal, image reconstruction, point transfer function, reference trajectory signals, correlation processing

Abstract >>
This paper studies the problem of the acoustic wave reception sector of a tomograph detector in an aqueous medium, whose solution anticipates the development of a tomograph with a circular aperture synthesis in monochromatic probing. In the theoretical consideration of the problem of object image reconstruction, the transducer beam pattern was assumed to be isotropic in the plane i.e., disk-shaped, with an unlimited circular reception sector, which allows investigation of the internal structure of the object in the plane of the beam pattern disk. The effect of the deviation from isotropy due to the restriction of the acoustic wave reception sector on the results of image reconstruction of a point object is determined by modeling the reconstruction of a point object image from the trajectory Doppler signal received by the detector moving on a circular path around the point object.



3.
SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONAL OBSERVERS USING LINEAR MATRIX INEQUALITIES

D. N. Dem'yanov, V. G. Volkov
Kazan Federal University, ul. Kremlevskya 18, Kazan 420008
Keywords: оценивание, функциональный наблюдатель, алгоритм синтеза, линейные матричные неравенства, канонизация матриц, estimation, functional observer, synthesis algorithm, linear matrix inequalities, canonization of matrices

Abstract >>
It is shown that the problem of observer synthesis to estimate a set of linear combinations of variable object states can be formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. An algorithm for constructing functional observers based on a non-degenerate transformation of the object model in the state space using the matrix canonization technique with subsequent solution of the system of linear matrix inequalities.



4.
BLIND WATERMARKING ALGORITHM FOR A SEQUENCE OF TV IMAGES

A. I. Goncharenko1, I. G. Tarantsev1,2, K. F. Lysakov1,2
1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, prosp. Akademika Koptyuga, 1
2Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, ul. Pirogova, 2
Keywords: телевидение, стеганография, слепой алгоритм извлечения, преобразование Хаара, сингулярное разложение, TV, steganography, blind retrieval algorithm, Haar transform, singular decomposition

Abstract >>
A problem of digital watermarking of a sequence of TV images is considered. An algorithm of embedding of such watermarks based on combining singular decomposition and Haar filtration procedures and a corresponding blind algorithm of watermark retrieval are developed. It is shown that the embedded watermark is stable to basic distortions arising in the TV path, e.g., enhancement of noise, loss of definition, truncation and compression of the multimedia material by MPEG2 or AVC algorithms. Owing to noise-immune encoding, the number of correctly retrieved bits of digital watermarks can reach 100 %.



5.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE SHEAR-TYPE DISPLACEMENT VECTOR FIELD AND EVALUATION OF ITS CHARACTERISTICS

V. V. Kibitkin, A. I. Solodushkin, V. S. Pleshanov
Institute of Strength Physics and Material Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634021, Tomsk, prosp. Akademicheskii, 2/4
Keywords: метод корреляции цифровых изображений, векторное поле, сдвиговый поток, функционал, идентификация, погрешность, деформация, digital image correlation method, vector field, shear flow, functional, identification, error, deformation

Abstract >>
A problem of identification of a shear-type solid flow is considered. Characteristics of the shear flow are determined on the basis of the initial displacement vector field. An algorithm of formation of a finite-size model displacement field of the shear type is given. A functional is proposed to search for the amplitude and direction of the shear flow for each local area of the vector field. The influence of the size of this area and of the degree of its overlapping with the shear flow on the error of shear angle measurement is shown. The choice of the local area size is discussed. Functional operation is demonstrated by an example of the displacement field obtained in the case of compressive loading of the Hatfield steel monocrystal.



6.
USING THE DIFFERENTIAL METHOD OF MEASUREMENT TO CONTROL THE ACCURACY OF PRECISION ANGLE MEASURING STRUCTURES

V. P. Kiryanov, A. V. Kiryanov, V. V. Chukanov
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, prosp. Akademika Koptyuga, 1
Keywords: углоизмерительные структуры, дифференциальный метод контроля, датчики углового положения, аэростатический подшипник, углоизмерительная машина, angle measuring structures, differential method of control, angle encoder, air bearing, angle measuring machine

Abstract >>
Specific features of monitoring metrological parameters of optical scales, limbs, or code disks are considered. A concept of building an intelligent mechatronic module on the air bearing basis for a high-performance angle measuring machine is proposed. The result is achieved by using the differential method of control in the mechatronic module design. This method allows one to determine the contribution of the measuring machine to the resulting error of structures.



7.
DETECTION OF A SEISMICALLY ACTIVITY OBJECT IN THE REGION OF LOCATION OF A PROTECTION SYSTEM USING THE CONSISTENT WALD CRITERION

M. A. Grigor'ev, M. A. Rajfeld
Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk 630073
Keywords: сейсмическая система охраны, проверка статистических гипотез, критерий отношения правдоподобия, последовательный обнаружитель, последовательный критерий Вальда, seismic protection system, statistical hypothesis testing, likelihood ratio test, consistent detector, sequential Wald test

Abstract >>
This paper considers the development of a sequential procedure for decision making on detection of a seismically active object in an area defined by the placement of a seismic protection system. It is shown that the use of a sequential Wald test to develop the decision rule provides specified detection characteristics and decision making with minimum delay, which is an important requirement for seismic protection systems. This procedure is used in seismic protection systems to select the detected objects based on their location.



8.
ANALYSIS OF REFLECTED SIGNALS IN FLAW INSPECTION OF CYLINDRICAL SPECIMENS USING MULTIPLE REFLECTION ECHO-SHADOW METHOD

O. V. Murav'eva, V. V. Murav'ev, M. A. Gabbasova, I. V. Buldakova, M. Yu. Sokov
Izhevsk State Technical University, ul. Studencheskaya 7, Izhevsk 426069
Keywords: корреляционный, спектральный, вероятностно-статистический анализ сигналов, многократный зеркально-теневой метод контроля, цилиндрический образец, correlation, spectral, probabilistic-statistical analysis signal, multiple reflection-shadow control method, cylindrical specimen

Abstract >>
In this paper, we present the results of correlation, spectral, and probabilistic-statistical analyses of signals in the multiple reflection echo-shadow method of flaw inspection of cylindrical specimens, and establish new informative parameters for integrated use to improve the reliability of non-destructive testing results.



9.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF STUDYING ANISOTROPIC MEDIA BY METHODS OF PULSED TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY

V. D. Antsygin1, V. F. Losev2, A. A. Mamrashev1,2, N. A. Nikolaev1,2, O. I. Potaturkin1,3
1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, prosp. Akademika Koptyuga, 1
2Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055, Tomsk, prosp. Akademicheskii, 2/3
3Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, ul. Pirogova, 2
Keywords: терагерцовая спектроскопия, терагерцовое излучение, поляризационно-оптическая регистрация, германат свинца, сегнетоэлектрик, дихроизм, двулучепреломление, terahertz spectroscopy, terahertz radiation, polarization-optical detection, lead germanate, ferroelectric, dichroism, birefringence

Abstract >>
Wide-band pulsed terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a popular method of studying optical properties of various materials. This method is considered as applied to polarization-sensitive measurements of properties of anisotropic materials and media possessing significant dichroism and birefringence. It is important to understand that the development of the elemental base for the terahertz range, in particular, for THz polarizers, falls behind the achievements of polarization optics for the visible range. In studying anisotropic materials, this may lead to simultaneous detection of orthogonal components of the THz field and to formation of artifacts in the spectral range in calculations of properties of examined samples. A unique specific feature of pulsed terahertz spectroscopy, namely, a possibility of capturing the time-dependent shape of the THz pulse, allows separation of the orthogonal components of the field in the time domain. Thus, it is possible to detect the signal from radiation with orthogonal polarization and eliminate it by means of appropriate adjustment of polarization elements of the spectroscopy system. This method is demonstrated by an example of studying the terahertz properties along the optical axis z of an anisotropic ferroelectric crystal of lead germanate in which significant birefringence and dichroism arise as the crystal is heated to the phase transition temperature.



10.
CELL OF THE SILICON INTEGRATED READING MICROCIRCUIT WITH BUILT-IT ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER

A. V. Zverev, Yu. S. Makarov, E. A. Mikhant'ev, S. A. Dvoretskii
Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva, 13
Keywords: интегральная микросхема считывания сигнала, ИК-фотоприёмники, NEDT, КРТ, цифровое интегрирование, integral signal reading microcircuit, IR photodetectors, CMT, digital integration

Abstract >>
This paper describes the project of an accumulative cell of a silicon integral signal reading microcircuit with a built-in analog-to-digital converter for matrix IR photodetectors based on the Hg1 - x Cd x Te solid solutions with sensitivity in the spectral range from 8 to 10 microns. The cell is designed according to the silicon technology HCMOS8D of JSC NIIME "Mikron" (Moscow) with a project norm of 0.18 microns. The presented project of the cell has the size of 20 ´ 20 microns, and the number of bits in the built-in analog-to-digital converter is 15. When the average photocurrent is 7 nA and the integration time is 7.5 ms, the estimated value of the temperature difference equivalent to the noise is 4.6 mK.



11.
LOCAL ELECTRIC FIELDS IN ENSEMBLES OF COMPOSITE NANOPARTICLES

A. A. Zabolotskii
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, prosp. Akademika Koptyuga, 1
Keywords: композитные наночастицы, локальные поля, лазерная терапия, composite nanoparticles, local fields, laser therapy

Abstract >>
Specific features of the formation of local fields in spherical composite nanoparticles containing metal cores surrounded by a silica shell with implanted dye molecules are studied. A system consisting of two closely located nanoparticles (dimers) is analyzed. It is shown that the field configuration in the dimer corresponds to a much more effective feedback than that in the case of individual spherical nanoparticles. The dynamics of the fluorescence field near a flat package of composite nanoparticles is studied numerically with due allowance for the enhancement of the dye fluorescence field, saturation of the energetic transition, and diffraction. It is found that close arrangement of nanoparticles leads under pumping conditions to the formation of high-intensity fields localized with time in the space of the nanoparticle package neighborhood.



12.
CONTACTLESS MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PARAMETERS OF NANOMATERIALS

B. V. Skvortsov, D. M. Zhivonosnovskaya
Samara National Research University, 443086, Samara, Moskovskoe Shosse, 34
Keywords: наноматериалы, проводимость, диэлектрическая проницаемость, магнитная проницаемость, оперативный контроль, электромагнитное зондирование, nanomaterials, conductivity, dielectric permeability, magnetic permeability, operational control, electromagnetic probing

Abstract >>
This paper describes the theoretical justification of operative contactless measurement of electromagnetic parameters of nanomaterials, based on probing of the test surface with an electromagnetic signal with subsequent processing of the reflected signal. The electromagnetic properties of these materials are determined by dielectric and magnetic permeability and specific electrical conductivity. The mathematical description of the measurement is given, and the technique of searching for the desired parameters based on the measurement of the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal with a further solution of the nonlinear system of algebraic equations is developed.



13.
MONOCHROMATIC AND DICHROMATIC HOLOGRAMS IN LAYERED PHOTOPOLYMER MATERIALS

V. V. Shelkovnikov1,2, E. V. Vasil'ev1, V. V. Russkikh1, L. V. Ektova1, V. N. Berezhnaya1, E. F. Pen3
1N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva, 9
2Tomsk State University, 634050, Tomsk, pr. Lenina, 36
3Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, pr. Academika Koptyuga, 1
Keywords: регистрирующие среды, фотополимерные материалы, цветная голография, recording media, photopolymer materials, color holography

Abstract >>
The layered systems of holographic photopolymer materials for recording color holograms are designed and developed. Monochromatic and dichromatic (green-red, red-blue, and green-blue) three-dimensional reflection holograms are obtained using He-Ne, Ar+, and DPSS lasers in red, green, and blue spectral ranges. The effects of cross-discoloration of the colorants used, and the holographic properties of monochromatic and dichromatic holograms in layered systems are considered. It is shown experimentally that the diffraction efficiency of these holograms is ~(70-80 %) and comparable with that of monochromatic holograms obtained in single-layer holographic photopolymer materials.



14.
ULTIMATE CHARACTERISTICS OF A ROTATIONALLY TUNABLE TWO-BEAM INTERFEROMETER WITH A FIXED PHOTOSENSITIVE ELEMENT

V. D. Ugozhaev
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, prosp. Akademika Koptyuga, 1
Keywords: двухлучевой интерферометр, светоделительный кубик, неподвижные зеркала, неподвижный фоточувствительный элемент, вращательная перестройка угла схождения, многомерная периодическая структура, two-beam interferometer, beam-splitter cube, fixed mirrors, fixed photosensitive element, rotational adjustment of the convergence angle, multidimensional periodic structure

Abstract >>
Results of calculations of the ultimate characteristics of a rotationally tunable two-beam interferometer on the basis of a beam-splitter cube with fixed mirrors and a fixed photosensitive element are presented. The convergence angle is changed solely by rotating the beam source with respect to the interferometer. It is shown that the convergence angle can be varied in the interval from 46 to 166° with sufficiently wide light beams.