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Professional Education in the Modern World

2016 year, number 1

EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION IN FORMATION OF MULTI-POLAR WORLD

T. A. Artashkina
Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ayax village, campus of FEFU, Building S, level 4, the Russian Island, 690922 Vladivostok
Keywords: институт российского образования, советская система образования, многополярный мир, диверсификация образования, Болонский процесс, единое образовательное пространство, конвертируемость дипломов, institution of Russian education, Soviet system of education, multi-polar world, diversification of education, the Bologna process, single educational space, convertibility of diplomas

Abstract

The system of Russian education has obviously proven its resiliency and viability in the challenging conditions of the 1990s social and cultural revolution; it managed not to surrender to the American standards of education modernization. The author puts forward a hypothesis that the social and cultural institution of Russian education possesses a hidden long-standing potential, which can ensure further development of the Russian education regardless the current educational system modernization. Subject of the research involved searching for social and cultural features of this institution, which ensured its viability in the epoch of changes and revolutionary shakedowns while providing for its further development. Theoretical foundation of the research includes the theoretical and methodological approach suggested by M. Castells, an American sociologist of Spanish decent, for analysis of the modern economy. The research has extensively relied on a social and cultural approach, as well as on monitoring of information on the topic and a descriptive method as a method of collecting information, its primary analysis and description of the data and its features. The author emphasizes the fact that before the collapse of the Soviet Union, only two world powers were educating professionals independently, without cooperating with other countries: the Soviet Union and the USA. In the Soviet Union, the system of education was developing independently from the monopolist hegemon, which greatly contributed to its success in the world. Russia’s current international activities are focused on promoting the idea of a multi-polar world. Development of the Soviet / Russia system of education has shown that it is impossible without a single educational space that would correspond to the related center of economic development. The fundamental principles of this educational space are as follows: accelerated internationalization and integration of national educational systems within a common center of economic development; diversification of education ensuring the training of professionals for economy and various industrial facilities; conversion of diplomas via recognizing them; a system of academic (patronizing) connections between universities of the «center-province» type; a system of multi-level education ensuring a general education of higher level; availability of economic tools of managing the academic and professional mobility. According to the author, the European experience of forming a single educational space should not be taken as a role model since it does not exist as of the year 2015. In the context of a monopolar world, a hegemon-monopolist pursues its targets by imposing its standards in national economies, politics and education. These standards stop working in a multi-polar world.