Home – Home – Jornals – Professional Education in the Modern World 2014 number 4

The paper reveals the necessity to take into account modern social existence and its peculiarities when analyzing specifics of socio-philosophic consideration of education axiological aspects as a factor of society adaptation to sustainable development. One of the peculiarities mentioned above is the fact that the world educational system solves the new global problem related to adaptation of people to life and activity in the new information world. Almost all the researchers admit the fact that society in future is society possessing such main development criteria as information and knowledge. Each new stage of society development enforces educational priorities and makes them complicated; it takes less time for their implementation as well. It leads to admitting the fact that crisis of world education assumes its not being in time with the tasks and imperative of people survival. However with each new stage of social development formation of educational priorities becomes complicated and time for their realization is reduced therefore crisis of world education consists that it “doesn't keep up” with problems of an imperative of survival of mankind. Axiologization of world educational space requires transfer from “backward” education, which corresponds the model of not sustainable development of the civilization, to advance education which meets the goals of sustainable development and includes the principles of sustainable development. The research is carried out in division of two theoretical systems (metaphysical and dialectic ones) as crises are caused by fundamental following metaphysical system (the western one). Knowledge and values of industrial and consumer society contribute to global anthropological and environmental disaster. New models and mechanisms of mankind development are required in order to prevent anthropological disaster. The author considers axiologization of world educational space as the most important mean of adaptation and human survival in the world which can make our development safe and sustainable. It is socio-cultural and educational mechanisms of survival which should force out the wide-spread technocratic mechanism.

The author investigates the main factors of Russian education modernization which is caused by necessity to develop education appropriate to up-today challenges in concern of scientific progress and national security. The author defines that concept of modernization means development, improvement and changes which meet the modern requirements. Modernization of Russian society considered as the most important factor of its revival is caused by deep historic and philosophic traditions. On Russia’s joining the European processes the problems related to the country development and taking its own place in the world have been aggravated. The author supposes that development of the Russian educational system strategy which would provide not only a survival, but also sustainable development and turning educational system into the defining factor of the country revival is one of the most urgent method tasks. The paper shows that carrying out of the goal should become the main task of educational strategy as humanistic and democratic values for individual development and free self-determination are built up by means of social platform only. In the author’s opinion, education represents a multidimensional phenomenon. First, it is a kind of activity; second, it is the most important social institute; third, it is a process of acquirement and transfer of knowledge, abilities, skills and development of needs and personal abilities on their basis; fourth, it is a level of abilities, skills and knowledge and certain abilities based on them; fifth, it is an interdisciplinary science which is formed at the intersection of Philosophy, Pedagogics, Sociology, Psychology, Economy and Medicine; sixth, it is a social value. Finally, education demonstrates closer and deeper integration with industry and science, acting as the most important economic branch. Assessment of contemporary educational system should be followed by development of educational strategy. This problem rises opposite views and judgments. However, strategic planning fails if there is no appropriate assessment of contemporary situation

The article reveals genesis of fetishism and approaches to its overcoming in theory and practice of education as non-productive item, but the necessary one. In contexts of crisis, fetishes and fetishism in education are new concepts in Philosophy and Pedagogics as education has always been considered to be ahead of any social reformations since Yan Amos Komenskiy and class-and-lesson-system. However, globalization and its progressive tendencies demonstrated economy to be ahead of education; consciousness as an element of the whole educational process is conservative and it is developed rather slowly than environment modified by consciousness people does. So the paper considers fetishism as a genetic and society component which shows declinations or crises in human development and not as a subjective social mechanism of changes antagonism. Globalization is analyzed as an objective process of society development accompanied by crisis consciousness which is revealed a subjective process of transition periods in the history of the society. In the age of transformation with no efficient mechanism of adaptation, society chooses the model which unites and balances rudimentary and innovative elements of life. The author demonstrates successful analysis in crisis consciousness research taking into account that crisis processes take much time and often occur. Professional education in globalization requires new approaches where education and upbringing are considered to be complementary and interdependent processes overcoming excluding one fetishes and including other ones.

The author insists on the opinion that it is not reasonable and appropriate to blame the Ministry of Education and Science for development and modernization of education in Russia resulted in negative way. The paper says that the Ministry of Education and Science make decisions on education development according to public opinion polls, expert opinions and outcomes of experiments. However, two major factors are not taken into consideration when making decisions and carrying out an expertise; they are inhomogeneous social and cultural environments, here we mean external and internal inhomogenity in relation to education; and lack of a comprehensive theory of pedagogical experiment. The paper focuses on the problem of pedagogical experiment. In research the author applied such methods as analysis and synthesis, classification, comparative research, hermeneutic and discourse methods, and prognostic method and case-studies methods as well. The article reveals necessity to create a theory of pedagogical experiment. It studies the main criteria implementation and results of pedagogical experiment depend on; and results interpretation is considered as well. The author adheres to the opinion that this theory should include code of ethics which both the experimentalist and the subjects have to comply with. The article also suggests an apophatic method for describing theoretical statements and experiment parameters that are not subject to strict formalization.

Activity of civil servants trained in institutions shows not good assistance and services for people. Local authorities responsible for solving problems act not in a very good way; it is not always due to lack of finance (they often refer to) but weak points in management and personnel low competence. It results in searching for new approaches to personnel training which should be based not on knowledge and skills of civil servants but solving urgent problems of definite municipal entity. The paper is aimed at suggesting methods able to develop professional skills of civil servants to institutions and local authorities. Suggested methods are based on studying the structure of local community, its needs and requirements in solving economic, social, spiritual and moral problems; and on estimation of professional competence of civil servants and its correspondence to the problems being solved. The author suggests to solve the tasks in the following way: to analyze social and economic situation of municipal entity, identify and analyze the most urgent and complicated problems, define the civil servants responsible for solving the problems mentioned above and define the level of civil servants professional competence and correspondence to the problems being solved. The author applied such methods as opinion polls, testing of civil servants, content analysis of the letters and applications provided by local citizens to local authorities and observing and following the operational meetings of local authorities. The paper results in recommendations on making curricula, new model of educational process aimed at overcoming the gap between the problems of municipal entity and training of civil servants in order to solve the problems. The article makes conclusion that applying of methods discussed and observed by the author leads to significant impact in local authorities’ activity and life quality of people.

The article deals with the problem of training competitive graduates. Nowadays there is a strong competition at the labor market. Young professionals, who are more qualified, trained that is more competitive get competitive advantages when being employed at highly-paid jobs. It leads to answering the questions what characteristics and qualities modern competitive specialist should have in order to meet employer needs? How to evaluate the level of competitiveness? The authors analyzed the concept of graduate competitiveness, considered different qualitative and quantitative characteristics of comparing and estimation of graduates competitiveness for solving the problem related to competitiveness of young professional. The research results in the fact that complex approach should be applied in estimation of graduate’s competitiveness. The article makes the following conclusions: 1. Graduates’ competitiveness depends on their professional competence which reveals in readiness for prospective professional activity. 2. Graduates’ readiness for prospective professional activity is an integrative characteristic including special competences; sustainable values in respect to prospective professional activity; and personal qualities. 3. There is a relation between graduates’ readiness for professional activity and implementation of the following features in university training: interaction of competency-based approach, context approach, learner-centred approach and problem one; training of students and applying individual educational programmes taking into account student values

The article discusses the main differences between course books and textbooks, reveals the main advantages and disadvantages of general and electronic textbooks when teaching students of technical profile foreign language professional reading. The authors investigate available teaching resources applied in the technical institution on the subject “Professional Foreign Language” and demonstrate the results of general and electronic textbooks comparative analysis; they underline the main features of each edition. There is an attempt to identify structural and organizational design of general and electronic textbooks applied in teaching foreign language in the technical university; the paper defines the main functions of these manuals which build educational process. The authors carry out comparative analysis and show the leading role of electronic teaching aids as they are considered to be the main aids of teaching foreign language due to integration of information technologies and education. The authors refer the following characteristics to the main strong points of electronic workbooks when teaching foreign language professional reading; they are interactivity, which reveals in possibilities to make situations similar to the professional ones; multimedia, which is achieved by means of including audio materials, video materials and images into the electronic workbook; high flexibility to the rapidly changing education which implies possibility of editing material on a regular basis. In the end of the article the authors make conclusions in respect to the results achieved and analysis carried out. They mention that electronic teaching aids conform to the favorable environment of foreign language professional reading development of students trained in the technical institution.

The article proves that economic and technological development of the country is impossible without the intellectual capacity that mostly focuses on higher institutions. The problem of Russian institutions competitiveness in the education market is very urgent now. Business community criticizes higher institutions for their not following industrial, economic and social processes. Employers got used they received young professionals with no investment in young staff development. The business sector doesn’t help and invest in the development of students professional skills and abilities, doesn’t participate in the government order, curricula and standards. To change this attitude to higher education it is necessary to understand that progress and development of higher education is impossible without information support, technological support and finance from the part of business. Government shifts financial, economic and social problems on higher institutions; therefore these responsibilities lye upon students and their parents shoulders. At the same time it is Government that gives instructions to higher institutions in respect of educational standards and “criteria” of running. To the author’s mind, it is high time for higher education to arrange Educational Alliance or public and private partnerships (P 3) in educational area among authorities, higher institutions and business industry. It is time to reconsider consumer policy of employers and controlling regulation policy of authorities in relation to higher institutions. The author underlines that industrial training and employer-sponsored education of student can be the elements of the approach.

The paper reflects the urgent problem of method competence development of a teacher of professional subjects in vocational mining schools. The article analyzes “method competence” notion, which is a prerequisite of successful method activity of teachers of professional subjects in vocational mining schools. The author considers research aimed at studying teacher’s professional competency and focuses on development of method competence. The publication reveals requirements to professional qualities of a teacher of professional subjects and peculiarities of a teacher of engineering subjects in vocational mining schools. The paper represents research data in concern of method competence level of teachers of practical and theoretical knowledge in vocational mining schools in Donetsk, Lugansk and Dnepropetrovsk regions of Ukraine. It reveals organizational and pedagogical conditions of method competence development when training qualified specialists of mining industry; they are development of method competence motivation of teachers, enhancing motivation in order to achieve teachers’ self-development and their professional training; flexible applying of regional method data base to enhance teachers’ self-development in vocational mining schools; consideration of pedagogical activity at its different stages (introspection, self-evaluation, self-reflection); getting pedagogical experience when providing scientific and pedagogical communication. Conditions defined are closey related to each other and make a complicated structure of teacher’s professional qualities development.

The paper analyzes contemporary situation and problems related to teaching humanitarian subjects in technical institutions. The author explains that transfer to double-degree education has led to reducing of education to 4 years. New curricula reduce in-class learning on humanitarian subjects and exactly in learning history. Introducing of Unified State Examination enforces pupils to choose subjects to pass beforehand and it depends on their prospective professional preferences. It results in the fact that enrollees know history not enough. Subject “History” is included into educational standards as a component of national level; due to this, first-year students must know theory and methods of historic science, fundamental empirical material; get skills of research and analytical work; and understand the role and place of Russia in the modern world. The experience of post-soviet area shows that failures in teaching history or wrench of historic events are followed by difficult situation in the country and international affairs. Situation in Ukraine is an evident fact which proves that “History” as a subject shapes historic personality consciousness, its political and civilization preferences. When the Government saves money on teachers and teaching national history, it leads to negative situations and shocks. These and other relevant issues connected with teaching history in engineering institutions are discussed by the author.

The paper explains necessity to consider a problem of students trained in agrarian higher institution and their preparation for innovative activity as an important characteristic of agricultural development. The article demonstrates the results of testing and questioning of students trained in agrarian higher institution; the results show that insufficient psychological readiness of prospective professionals for professional innovative is the main difficulty in initiative or involving into innovation activity. The author gives definition to the concept of innovation activity by means of structural approach; she determines it as an activity aimed at creating and applying innovations and undertaken in order to achieve good results. The activity measures personal success in interaction with social economic conditions of the definite period of society development. The article enumerates social and psychological factors defining specific procedure of innovation activity in agriculture; they are not high level of people education; high level of people indifference; low motivation to achieve results; preventing including innovations; lack of stereotypes of innovative behavior; low frustration tolerance; and high level of externality. The author suggests own type of psychological model of graduate’s personality in agrarian higher institution who is able to carry out innovative activity in difficult and complicated conditions of agricultural production. The psychological model includes general qualities and specific ones referred to activity in agriculture. The author refers the following features to the general qualities: motivation for personal fulfillment and success, creative thinking, developed logics and critical thinking, reflexive properties and self-adjustment of activity. Specific features include communicable and ecological competence, motivation to financial well-being, high level of internality, emotional resilience, self-acceptance and developed leadership.

This article is devoted to analysis of the factors boosting the efficiency of professional training of prospective architects. The authors define pre-university training as one of the main and the most important stage in building fundamental professional skills, spatial thinking, imagination and motivation to mastering the profession of architect and disclosure of creative potential. The authors make conclusion that problems occurred when analyzing quality of pre-university training are caused by transformation of higher professional education, changes in requirements to points received on the entrance exams and schoolchildren’ training which they get at school. The authors say, graphic skills of schoolchildren insufficiently built at school lead to focusing on building technical skills and not to fundamental professional skills and development of imagination and creative thinking. The principle of lifelong learning in the area of architecture as a basis of creative personality development is reflected in qualified pre-university training. The paper compares study results of students entered NSAEA with their results of pre-university training; the article explains influence of pre-profile training on the quality of professional education of prospective architects. The analysis of results demonstrated the factors that have a significant impact on professional skills development among the students. In conclusion, the authors formulate suggestions aimed at improving of modern situation in concern of professional training of prospective architects. The suggestions underline significance of building unified educational environment able to bring together all the levels of architectural and artistic training on the basis of integration model.

Development of science and Pedagogics in particular is impossible without carrying out research significant in scientific, theoretical and practical way. Every teacher involved in educational of different levels (from preschool training to post-graduate education) focuses on carrying out research. The paper reveals the concept aimed at increasing efficiency of teachers’ research and applying of distance learning. The author introduces new concept “praxeologization of research” and considers this process as combination of research efficiency. The author pays attention to the course “Praxeologization of teacher’s independent research” which is an important mechanism for successful teachers’ research. The course is based on praxeologization concept and specifics of distance learning Moodle. The experience shows efficiency of teachers’ research increases by means of defining the results and ways of its achievement. Applying of the distance learning Environment in postgraduate education allows getting the following effects:

The article explains the problem of interaction between traditions and novations in socio-philosophic knowledge and education. The problem consists of their close interaction and connection with socio-political changes occurred in the society. The author pays attention to the periods of social resitudes failure which lead to changes in ideology and excluding of socio-political and socio-philosophic concepts. Sublation of the old often turns to be the simple and not the dialectic. This happened to the Soviet social philosophy and philosophic education in the beginning of nineties of XX. At that time publications were aimed at total sublation of socio-philosophic knowledge developed by many scientists in the Soviet period of scientfic development. The authors suppose that cognition development and the world a s a whole are subject to dialectics. It is necessary to transfer to the new knowledge by means of sublation of sublation, excluding the old dogmas but keeping knowledge creative “genetic core” made by predecessors. The author formulates the problem in gnoseological, methodological, axiological and educational aspects; it is an interaction between traditions and novations in philosophic knowledge on society when reaching integration and development in XXI century. It is a reflection of the interaction and novations in professional philosophic education. The paper reveals novational aspects of dialectic analysis of formation concept, basis and superstructure categories which reveal relations of primacy and replication, primary and secondary on the basis of synthetical dualism and philosophic consideration of the problem. It considers society basis as an essential moral and valuable parameter of social system, as a socio-cultural genotype or axiological fundamental of society. Thus, material and spiritual antithetical of basis and superstructure categories disappear as both of them appear to be dual ones. Then axiological fundamental component turns to be material and spiritual social genotype of society, the “core” of social society; and superstructure becomes material and ideal social phenotype and society “periphery”.

The article analyzes situation in respect to theory and practice of genealogic culture development of young students on a basis of genealogic pedagogics in modern education. Genealogic culture as one of the components of general human culture possesses moral value-beginning, influences development of moral consciousness and feelings which provide ethical behavior of a person. The paper defines the concept of "genealogic identity" and "genealogical identification" which are essential for development of genealogic culture of personality. Genealogic identity reflects “picture of historic consciousness” built by means human necessity to reproduce and memorize the ancestors’ life. The picture of historic consciousness is based on genealogy, perception of own life by means of family history, small motherland, nation, country and homeland. The authors define genealogic identification as a process of self-consciousness as a subject of historic process which takes special place in modern social situation. The authors explain the concept of valuable-genealogic approach to development of personality genealogy in holistic educational environment of a family and institution. Family history genealogic research in motherland history is aimed at effectiveness of spiritually-moral education of young people through awareness of generations’ continuity; and it is represented as innovative technology development of genealogic culture. Problems of genealogic culture development and building of civil and professional world view of prospective specialists are revealed in the study guide on the course “Family history in motherland history: genealogy in higher education”. Prospective specialists were investigated taking into consideration family institute in social life and life of the country. The course is aimed at students’ inclusion into genealogic culture as it is considered to be the most important moral valuable component (individual one, family one, life component, ethnic component, human one, tolerant component and the state one) in the period of building democracy and development of civil society in Russia.

The article considers two models of somatic education which allow improving body condition of cadets taking into account diagnostic results of body condition at entering higher institution in order to achieve final appropriate result. The models are structured in different ways and influence body and psychological features of a cadet with a focus on his individual morphofunctional and psychological parameters. The author underlines that when a cadet feels deeply, understands and accepts personality values of physical training and at the same time he is engaged in sport activity and healthy lifestyle then it leads to great positive impact. The authors applied existing method approaches in combination of educational aspect, development one, upbringing aspect in the research. They also focused on phenomenon of health protection as “unity of recreation activities necessary for functional, physiological and valuable parameters of a person aimed at health protection”.

The article is devoted to discussing modernization of education at all the stages of its development, from compulsory education to the post-graduate one. The contradiction between ideal specialist and real graduate make psychologists study the results and find the reasons of that incorrespondence. The author studied activity in a group employed in Commercial Court, educational and psychological aspects of activities in Commercial Court and lifelong post-graduate education by means of studying group atmosphere in Commercial Court. The author revealed a contradiction between education and professional abilities of law specialists to build up relationship with clients and colleagues, complete documentation, control mental condition and temper and understand mental condition of other people. Russian conference on the problems occurred in Commercial Courts became a prerequisite to study the group atmosphere. A lot of psychologists, lawyers and linguists from higher institutions of Novosibirsk (Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk State Architecture Building University) and employees of Commercial Court from the Republic of Altai, Kemerovo region, Lipetsk region, Kursk region, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District, Tomsk region, Omsk region, the 7th Commercial Court, the 8th Commercial Court, Federal Commercial Court and the Supreme Commercial Court of the Russian Federation took part in the conference. The article represents procedures and methods of studying the group atmosphere and view of psychologists engaged in researching this topic as well; the paper describes working stages, conclusions on necessity to train lawyers and provide lifelong post-graduate learning.

The research is aimed at modern educational policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to consider tendencies of education development in the situation of modern reforms. The authors consider the concept “educational policy” (epistemological aspect) developed in modern social philosophy and they try to demonstrate social processes where educational system is being reformed (ontological aspect). The problems of modern priorities of educational policy in Kazakhstan are considered to be important due to fundamental changes in social relations and transvaluation of moral values and negative developments in society. The paper shows relation of modern process specifics to the country transfer to liberal social structure, the system of capitalist and market relations. Collapse of economic system, education and transvaluation of values were caused by the transfer of Kazakhstan to liberal social structure. Transvaluation of values (axiological aspect of problem study) in people consciousness met transfer from Soviet directive culture to the open and mainstream culture; from learner-centred education to the competence-pragmatic one. The article describes social stratification of society, its being enhanced and escalated by moral stratification. Here the authors mean that consciousness of one part of society is involved in memories of the past while the other part of society is involved in searching moral priorities of the future. The paper underlines that successful overcoming negative development and revival of Kazakhstan as a geopolitical member are impossible without overcoming consciousness contradiction and fixing general human values in people consciousness. The article attempts considering the main priorities in educational policy of Kazakhstan; their implementation has allowed building new educational system over the past two decades and has adapted it to significant challenges of a new type. The authors analyze the following priorities of educational policy: favorable socio-economic and cultural environment as fundamentals of moral values revival and the source of personality development, enhancement of structure and components of educational system, keeping and expressing of national educational features, eternal traditions etc.

The article reveals the historico-cultural approach to education and modern views to the concept of “ifelong education”; it shows the main reasons of education imperfection which are lack of large-scale public development strategy of lifelong education in Russia; not developed regulations for lifelong education (legislation authorizing the foundation of educational clusters and other forms of lifelong education); lack of recommendations aimed at harmonization of assessment of knowledge in institutions of different levels (methodological support); lack of modern proper resources; lack of updated tasks of lifelong education system for sustainable socio-economic development of modern Russian society; satisfying the needs of many people in education. The author analyzes the main components of lifelong education and identifies their significance, positive results occurring in the educational environment now. The paper underlines importance of the individual involved in self-education and self-development; it is expressed in personal activity in self-development, self learning skills and abilities applied in practice. The analysis of the components of lifelong educational system results in conclusions which reflect possible solutions of existing problems; they are building up the environment for pedagogical and psychological support of development and education in accordance with the requirements of the State standard of last generation; equipment applied in frames of education and development programmes; proficiency of all the actors involved in education, and their personal interest to individual learning.

The article reveals methodological aspects related to the problems of ethno-ecological education. The author formulates the main talking point and defines it as contradiction between existing paradigm fundamentals of traditional education and necessity to build up new educational interaction based on principles of ethno-ecological professional education. The author supposes that this combination allows different ethnic communities to preserve ethnical identity and integrate with modern multicultural space based on globalization tendencies. The author comes to conclusion that today it is urgent and necessary to focus on relation “ours and theirs” whereas traditional educational paradigm of ethno-ecological education focuses on “friend-or-foe”. The conclusion is based on philosophic ideas of ethnical pedagogics and modern focuses on keeping ethnical identity and ethno-ecological education in the process. Ethno-ecological professional education plays the most important role in transformation. It allows freezing the process of cultures disappearing and enhancing possibility of their replication.

The paper considers the problems of childhood culture phenomenon in the modern educational space. It is known that new or renewed counterculture become the response to the social challenges. Childhood culture as a part of global cultural space is mostly subject to bad influence. So the relevance of the research reveals in analyzing counterculture conception in childhood educational space and problem of values generation. The author represents possible sources of children counterculture genesis which influences badly children development and their professional development. The author makes conclusion about necessity to enhance influence of original culture in children education in order to provide sustainable development of society and country. If there is a need in spiritual security and competitive sustainable development of society then childhood culture should be well built and completed.