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The journal "Ateroskleroz"

2012 year, number 2

1.
HORMONES OF STRESS AND CORONARY SYNDROME X (EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH)

L.E. Panin, P.V. Mokrushnikov, R.A. Knjazev, A.R. Kolpakov, B.N. Zajitsev
Keywords: coronary syndrom X, mocroviscosity of membranes, stress hormones, structural changes of membranes of erythrocytes
Pages: 5-13

Abstract >>
Experiments studies which showed are carried out that stress hormones (a cortisol, adrenaline) can bind to erythrocyte membranes with high affinity, leading to rough structural changes. The last are accompanied by increase of microviscosity of membranes as in area a lipid-lipid, and protein-lipid of interactions. The nature of these changes is caused by simultaneous interaction of active groups of hormones (NH, OH and their waterproof rings) at the same time with a lipid and protein components of a membrane with formation of domains. Experiments with heart perfusion of rats showed that erythrocytes with the increased microviscosity of their membranes are incapable to move ahead on the capillary course that leads to sharp decrease in a coronary stream and fast cardiac arrest. The assumption is come out that this mechanism is shown and at a coronary syndrome X at the person



2.
THE MAIN LIPID PARAMETERS OF THE BLOOD OF THE INHABITANTS OF NOVOSIBIRSK

Yu.P. Nikitin, K.V. Makarenkova, S.K. Malyutina, L.V. Shcherbakova
Keywords: blood lipids, sex and age particularities, population study
Pages: 14-20

Abstract >>
Purpose: to analyze population values of the main blood lipid parameters of Novosibirsk inhabitants depending on sex and age. Materials and methods. The materials of the two large international projects called MONIСA and HAPIEЕ was used. According to these projects protocols, representative samples of unorganized population of Novosibirsk were studied. The analysis included data of 11,537 people aged 45-64, 5,445 men and 6,092 women among them. Results. Persons of both sex aged 45-64 had mean values of total cholesterol (TC), non-high density lipoproteins cholesterol (Ch-non-HDL), low density lipoproteins cholesterol (Ch-LDL) of serum equal to 6.05; 4.57; 3.93 mmol/l, respectively. Women aged 45–64 had the above blood parameters higher than men of the same age. Both men and women of 45–54 had higher blood TC, Ch-non-HDL, Ch-LDL levels than the ones aged 55–64, although women had more significant age dependent dynamics of the above blood lipid parameters than men. Blood triglycerides level in women was lower in 45–54 age group than in 55–64 decade; no differences were detected in men of these age groups. Blood triglycerides content in men aged 45–54 was higher, and in 55–64 age group it was lower than in women of the corresponding age. The same data was also received for atherogenic indexes (AI). Conclusion. Mean values of blood TC, Ch-non-HDL, Ch-LDL in population of Novosibirsk aged 45–64 exceed the optimal ones. Values of the above blood lipid parameters are higher in women than in men, and are also higher in senior age group compared to junior one. Whereby age dependent dynamics of atherogenic fractions in women aged 45–64 is more demonstrative than in men. AI in men of 45–54 age group is higher, and in 55–64 age group it is lower than in women of the same age.



3.
THE IMPACT OF METABOLIC SYNDROME ON THE CLINICAL COURSE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

T.A. Mal’kova, A.D. Kuimov, M.I. Voevoda
Keywords: myocardial infarction, metabolic syndrome
Pages: 21-26

Abstract >>
Myocardial infarction (MI) continues to be one of the most important problems of modern cardiology in Russia due to maintaining a sustainable morbidity and mortality. Of particular interest are the growth of the relationship of cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarction with the accumulation in the population of persons with obesity and other metabolic disorders. Now to have a clear view of the relationship of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Mechanisms of metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, run and maintain a high level atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, provoke instability of coronary plaque, thrombus formation processes. This is a strong incentive to continue research in this area, which should help to find new ways of preventing MS to reduce the possible coronary risk, affect the outcome of treatment and to determine the characteristics of MI, developed on the background of MS.



4.
CEREBRAL VENOUS DISCIRCULATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS

A.D. Kuimov, L.V. Chelysheva
Keywords: venous discirculation, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular mutual actions
Pages: 27-31

Abstract >>
In all the patients with the stage III of arterial hypertension dislipidemia was revealed. The atherosclerotic arterial changes result to cardiocerebral disorders. There are changes in the state of the venous cranial brain system simultaneously with the structural-functional change of the vitally important organs i.e. the heart and the brain. The quantity evaluation of the cerebral venous discirculation makes it possible to have the differential diagnostics of the hemodynamic disorders in vascular foci and predict the risk of acute cardiovascular complications in patients with arterial hypertension associated with atherosclerosis.



5.
THE APPOINTMENT OF STATINS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM: POSSIBLE RISKS

O.D. Rymar, S.V. Mustafina, Ya.A. Malyshenko
Keywords: hypothyroidism, statins, L-thyroxin, rhabdomyolysis, thyroid
Pages: 32-38

Abstract >>
Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia are closely connected by pathogenetic reason. During the last few years they have been discussing L-thyroxin influence on lipid profile. According to data obtained in various studies, lipid profile values normalization appears not in every case of euthyroidism. In the literature there is little information about statins administration risk and advantage during hypothyroidism. According to the literature, decompensated hypothyroidism can lead to myalgia and/or myopathy development accompanied by creatine phosphokinase concentration increase in patients on statins. There are several publications of clinical cases of rhabdomyolysis development against the statins treatment background in persons with undiagnosed decompensated manifest hypothyroidism. Thus, taking into account the risk of the rhabdomyolysis development, TSH level should be estimated before statins treatment almost in all cases.



6.
Extracorporeal methods in the treatment of atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia

E.V. Mazdorova, K.Yu. Nikolaev
Keywords: atherosclerosis, microcirculation, extracorporeal methods of treatment, plasmapheresis
Pages: 39-50

Abstract >>
The aim of this review is the assessment of prospects to use of extracorporeal methods in the treatment of atherosclerosis and atherogenic dyslipidemia in the modern medicine. Today there are different methods of treatment of severe atherosclerosis, which cause a positive rheological effect from the selective removal of harmful components from plasma. This methods are called rheopheresis and carried by using special cascade plasma filters (rheofilters), heparin-LDL-precipitation (HELP) and provides the immunoadsorption of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and apolipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). This improves blood flow and microcirculation, which caused by decrease viscosity in blood and plasma. The Сascade Plasmafiltration (CPP) with special rheofilters, HELP and immunoadsorption of LDL and Lp(a) improves the blood rheology and microcirculation most effectively in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. The aim of extracorporeal methods of treatment of coronary heart disease is the correction of metabolism (normalization of lipid metabolism, state of coagulation), blood viscosity, improvement of microcirculation, increase of myocardial perfusion and tolerance to the drug therapy. The Plasmapheresis is one of the most simple and accessible extracorporeal methods, which effectively eliminate macromolecular structures. The Plasmapheresis is use in the combination treatment of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, homozygous and heterozygous (refractory to lipid-lowering therapy). The Plasmapheresis is a non-selective methods of blood correction. This explains a significant therapeutic range of this method.