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2025 year, number 2
S.A. Suspitsyn
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: spatial systems, regions, economics of federalism, cognitive models
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The author presents cognitive modeling techniques of reciprocal impact of spatial and economic development factors in federative type systems. The socio-economic system of Russia is considered in the context of three major actors - regions, business structures and the federal center. In the process of expanded reproduction of economic relations, regions are responsible for reproduction of human capital while business structures are responsible for reproduction of industrial capital, and the federal center, acting as a development institution, helps both actors, simultaneously ensuring achievement of its own interests. Consideration of the socio-economic system in the maximum possible aggregates of its main subsystems allows us to focus on the study of their capabilities and achievable competencies in interaction with each other.
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T.V. Sumskaya
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: regional budget, budget revenues, tax and non-tax revenues, gratuitous receipts, transfers, region, subject of the Russian Federation, heterogeneity of budget revenues
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The article reviews the budget revenues of the subjects of the Russian Federation in constant prices for the period from 2012 to 2021. The regions with the largest and the smallest volumes of tax and non-tax revenues, as well as gratuitous transfers are singled out. To assess the direction of the budget policy of the federal authorities, we studied the dynamics of a number of statistical indicators, including tax and non-tax revenues, total revenues and transfers calculated per capita. In addition, we calculated the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, which made it possible to analyze the relationship between regional revenues with and without federal transfers. The results of regression analysis indicate that the key objective of the budget policy is to reduce interregional disparities in the structure of revenues of the RF subjects. However, in order to increase the interest of regions in increasing tax revenues, it is necessary to expand their tax powers. Given that the list of regions with the lowest volumes of tax and non-tax revenues remained practically unchanged during the period under study, it is necessary to review the effectiveness of the current mechanism of transfer distribution.
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E.R. Kashapova, E.I. Klemasheva, V.A. Malanina, E.M. Rozhdestvenskaya
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Business School, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: digital environment, consumption, digital practices, spheres of life, regions, age groups, index, digital inequality
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The study aims to provide an index assessment of the spread of digitalization of consumption practices among the Russian population in the regional context. Most existing approaches to assessing digitalization take into account access to the necessary infrastructure, but do not comprehensively answer the question of the population’s participation in digital consumption practices, taking into account age, level of education and digital skills, health and other factors. We suggested the design of the Digitalization Index of Consumption Practices, which includes relevant indicators organized into five sub-indices: medical services and services of social organizations; consumption of goods and services; digital communications; education; environment. The relative weights of the indicators and domains were determined using the expert assessment method. The highest weighting factor was assigned to the “consumption of goods and services" sub-index. The calculations of the Index values were carried out using the data from the Comprehensive Monitoring of Living Conditions of the Population 2022 (CMLC-2022). High rates of digitalization of consumption practices were found in presented age groups in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and St. Petersburg, and the lowest rates were calculated for the Zabaykalsky Krai. The largest gap in digitalization practices between the age groups under 55 and over 55 is observed in the Nizhny Novgorod Region and the Republic of Tatarstan (0.187 and 0.178, respectively); the smallest - in the Chechen Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, the Republic of Dagestan and the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. In Federal districts, the largest difference in age groups were found for the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts (0.196 and 0.174, respectively). The revealed disparities in the development of digitalization of consumption practices across domains and ages may promote the focus of regional policy on identifying the reasons for the rareness of practices and reducing interregional differences in access to the necessary infrastructure, which corresponds to the level of research on regional digital inequality.
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A.D. Abdulaev
Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: administrative complaint, institutional transformation, housing and communal services, civil infrastructure, activism
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In recent years, in Russia one observes an increase in the number of administrative complaints about housing and communal services. The increase in the number of appeals may be caused by various factors not directly related to the state of housing: institutional contradictions, new forms of competition in the market, public sentiments, etc. The communication component of the complaint remains unchanged. However, the transition to a new form of interaction through digital state portals may have affected the ways of information delivery and the rules of communication between complainants and responsible persons. The purpose of this article is to identify changes in the institution of administrative complaints during the transition to state digital portals. Using the program written by the author, an automated data collection of 670,000 complaints about housing and communal services in 17,000 apartment buildings on the portal “Nash St. Petersburg" was conducted. It was established that the simplification of filing complaints on the digital portal led to the formation of a “‘gray mass" of appeals, for which there is no clear geographic focus and unity of issues. The gray mass includes complaints of “‘activists " and residents with non-typical single appeals. The main increase in the number of complaints is not due to new users of the portal, but due to the increase in appeals from activists, who account for up to 80% of the total number of complaints. A transformation of the rules of filing and reviewing complaints has been revealed, which allows the institution of administrative complaints to function in a relatively new environment. The portal administration develops new mechanisms to curb the flow of appeals, filtering contentless complaints, focusing on the most problematic issues. Residents instead of generating an excessive volume of complaints cooperate around previously submitted appeals, confirming the relevance of the problems. This mechanism greatly increases the level of satisfaction of residents with solving the reported problems. The results of the study allow us to identify the transforming elements of the institute of administrative complaints, new drivers and barriers to developing this communication tool in the present-day Russia.
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I.V. Mitrofanova1,2, O.A. Chernova3, M.V. Pleshakova4
1Federal State Budget Institution of Science "Federal Research Center The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Rostov-on-Don, Russia 2Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia 3Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia 4Moscow City University, Institute of Economics, Management and Law, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: investment activity, innovation, regional development, technological renewal, investments in fixed assets, investment policy, South of Russia
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To date, the question of whether investments are a driver of innovative development, what factors and conditions ensure the achievement of the expected innovative effects remains debatable. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between investment in fixed assets and indicators of innovation development in the region. The object of the study is the regions of the South of Russia. The source of information was panel data from the Federal State Statistics Service for the regions of the Southern Federal District for the period from 2005 to 2022. The research employs comparative and correlation analysis. The authors put forward the following hypotheses: 1) investment and innovation activities in times of crisis are activated in those regions that have high indicators of socio-economic development; 2) there is a positive relationship between investments and innovations at the regional level, while for entities with higher indicators of socio-economic development, this relationship is expressed more strongly. The results of the study generally confirmed the hypothesis that the relationship between investments in fixed assets and innovation is manifested more strongly in regions with a high level of socio-economic development. With regard to the second hypothesis, the results of the analysis are ambiguous, which does not allow us to fully confirm or refute the assumption that there is a positive relationship between investments in fixed assets and indicators of innovative development of regions. The difference in strength and orientation between the indicators of investment and innovation activity is explained by the sectoral specifics of the socio-economic complexes of the regions, as well as the specifics of regional factors and conditions. It is concluded that in order to stimulate innovative processes in the regions, state support for the technological renewal of production through investments in new highly effective technologies is necessary.
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D.A. Shatokhin, E.A. Titov, I.V. Petrova
Federal state budgetary institution "Scientific and Research Financial Institute of the Ministry of Finance of Russian Federation", Moscow, Russia
Keywords: participatory budgeting, digitalization of participatory budgeting, portals of participatory budgeting, strategy of digitalization of participatory budgeting
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The purpose of the study is to identify key areas and possible ways to introduce digital tools in the process of participator budgeting in order to improve its efficiency, transparency and accessibility for citizens and authorities. The research used a systematic approach, methods of classification and systematization, methods of assessments and scientific abstractions, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis of information, in-depth interview method. Based on the Russian experience, the research results in the field of digitalization of mechanisms of civic participation in state and municipal governance are presented. Digital solutions leading to transformations in the framework of participator budgeting are considered, existing barriers are identified and methods to overcome them are proposed. Practical steps to a successful implementation of digital technologies in this sphere are identified, and the basis for strategic scenarios of digitalization is developed. The authors reviewed and analyzed the mistakes made in developing a strategy for the development of digital solutions in budgeting initiatives in order to optimize future processes and improve their efficiency. The main task in the field of digitalization of participator budgeting at present is the formation of strategic approaches to its implementation, with consistent improvement of the functionality of portals of participatory budgeting based on federal and regional standards of digitalization, inclusion, data security and efficiency of digital solutions. The research material can be used in the development of approaches to harmonize sectoral strategic and program documents, drafting program documents for the development of participatory budgeting in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and implementing digital solutions in the work of regional competence centers for participatory budgeting.
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S.N. Kalyugina, O.A. Mukhoryanova, A.I. Pyanov
North Caucasus Federal University, Institute of Economics and Management, Stavropol, Russia
Keywords: local self-government, institution of civil society, sustainable development, reform, two- and one-level models, state policy in the field of local self-government, financial and budgetary base, initiative budgeting
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In Russia, the transition of territorial organization and local self-government to a single-level management system is aimed at improving the level and quality of performance by regional and municipal authorities of their powers to resolve issues of local importance. The reform should ensure the integrated and sustainable development of municipal territories, create conditions for overcoming the unevenness of their socio-economic development. However, to date, the Russian scientific community has not yet developed an unambiguous understanding of the results of the transformations of the two-level system of the territorial organization of local self-government, because the issues of assessing their social, economic, legal and managerial consequences have not been sufficiently studied, knowledge of which should be used by regional authorities in the future to develop managerial decisions in the process of creating municipal and urban districts. The article analyzes the preliminary results of the administrative-territorial reform of local self-government on the example of the Stavropol Krai, which acts as a pilot region for its implementation. The methodology of this research is based on general scientific methods that combine institutional, economic and sociological approaches to analyze the problems and opportunities for the development of local self-government in Russia. The result of the study confirms the submitted hypothesis that the administrative-territorial reform of local self-government carried out in Stavropol Krai, as of today, has not improved the sustainability of socio-economic development of the region as a whole. Also, the reform has not contributed to equalizing the asymmetry of development of its municipalities, improving the efficiency of municipal officials, and revitalizing the operation of territorial public self-government.
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Poling Xu1,2, Jianhui Xu3
1University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China 2Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Studies, Beijing, China 3Vocational College of Industry and Commerce, Yiwu, Yiwu, China
Keywords: uneven spatial development of China, Strategy of Large-Scale Development of the Western Macro-Region of the PRC, Strategy of Revival of the Old Industrial Base of the Northeast of the PRC, modernization, policy of reform and openness of the PRC, indices for assessing the quality of economic development
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The Strategy for the Large-Scale Development of the Western Macro-region of the PRC is an important national regional economic development strategy to deepen the reform and opening-up policy measures during the period of rapid economic development of the People’s Republic of China. This Strategy was formally put forward in 2000, after which it has passed through such historic stages as studying and formulating domestic policy measures, accelerating infrastructure construction, prioritising key areas, optimising environmental protection and improving people’s quality of life. In more than 20years of putting this national strategy into practice, China’s western macro-region has made significant achievements in increasing the total economy, reorganising the industrial structure, attracting investment, building infrastructure, improving the degree of opening up to the outside world, and improving people’s quality of life and the environment. Applying the regional economic development quality evaluation index system, we can find that the effect of improving the quality of regional economic development in the Western macro-region is very significant. The West is a macro-region of the PRC with vast areas. Due to the geographical factor, the Western macroregion continues to face challenges in development, such as difficulties in industrial transformation and modernisation, weak regional capacity for technological innovation and heavy debt burden. It will take a long time for the macro-region to get rid of external financial support as well as to achieve endogenous economic development. Regional development requires domestic policy support and coordinated development between developed and developing regions. At the same time, building the Western macro-region’s self-reliant development capability as well as the ability to develop independently is the key to ensuring the ultimate success of the Strategy for the Large-Scale Development of the Western Macro-Region of the PRC.
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A.S. Novoselov
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: regional policy, spatial development, regional and municipal management, management efficiency
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The article reviews the main directions of research into the problems of regional economic policy within the framework of the Siberian scientific school, including the development of the theory of regional economic policy, consistent with the transformation processes in the economy of regions in the environment of global turbulence and geopolitical shifts; identification of objective trends, contradictions and features of regional policy in the context of a new structure of economic interactions of regional systems; theoretical and methodological justification of institutional structures providing the implementation of regional policy amid external challenges and threats; improvement of regional policy adaptation mechanisms given redirection of regions’ foreign economic relations under sanction restrictions.
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