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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2022 year, number 3

Four eyed fir bark beetle invasion effect on the species composition and structure of Siberian Fir stem pest complex

I. A. KERCHEV, S. A. KRIVETS, E. M. BISIROVA
Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: invasion, Polygraphus proximus, Siberian fir, consortia, community transformation

Abstract

In the region of Polygraphus proximus invasion, we studied the patterns of stem dendrophages consortia (simple structural systems in biocenosis that combine autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms based on topical and trophic relations), the core of which is host tree - Abies sibirica Ledeb. The analysis was carried out on 4835 trees from 46 plots in the dark coniferous fir forests of the Tomsk region according to the following indicators: the vital state of trees and stands; taxonomic composition of insects, their occurrence, abundance and ecological characteristics; participation in the formation of xylophages communities at different host tree weakening stages. On the fir trees together with P. proximus , 21 species of stem dendrophages were identified. In all studied stands, the four eyed fir bark beetle was absolutely dominant. Monochamus urussovi Fisch was a permanent inhabitant of the stands damaged by the alien bark beetle. A direct dependence of the species coincidence degree with the disturbance of forest stands and their taxation indicators was revealed ( r s = 0.61). The species richness of the population consortia of fir is in an average dependence on the forest density and capacity ( r s = 0.4). For the first time, the ability of mass species of stem dendrophages to selectively colonize fir trees at different stage of resistance decline and to reveal the features of pre- and post-invasive consortia was determined. In a multispecies group, P. proximus acts as an initiator of the succession of stem inhabitants, determining the composition of individual consortia, the sequence of colonization of the plant by species of dendrophages in accordance with the degree of weakening of the host tree and the ability of insects to use the forage substrate. It was found that the number of the main aboriginal physiological pests of fir is at a low level, and they populate weakened trees following the attacks of an alien bark beetle or drying out for other reasons. The transformation of the indigenous stem dendrophages complex as a result of the invasion of four eyed fir bark beetle is an example of a rapid consortiogenesis leading to ecological and evolutionary changes in ecosystems.