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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2022 year, number 2

Ecotrophic structure of the macromycete biota of introduced tree species growing in Krasnoyarsk green spaces

O. E. Kryuchkova
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Keywords: woody introducers, macromycetes, wood-destroying fungi, ground-dwelling fungi

Abstract

Introduced woody plants are widespread in the green spaces of Siberia, the mycobiota of which is formed on the basis of widespread local species. As a result of studying the biota of fungi associated with Populus balsamifera L., Acer negundo L., Ulmus pumila L., Prunus maackii Rupr. and Tilia cordata Mill. 105 species of mainly agaricoid macromycetes, common for Siberia, were identified and characterized mainly by a wide trophic and topical specialization. Many of them are characterized as synanthropic organisms. The largest number of macromycete species is generally associated with A. negundo (61), the smallest with U. pumila (16 species). The mycobiota of all tree species, except for T. cordata , is dominated by wood-destroying species. More than half of the identified wood-destroying fungi are capable of parasitism, and in the green plantations of Krasnoyarsk they form fruit bodies more often on living tree introduced species, while outside the city on aboriginal tree species, fruiting of these mushrooms begins only after the tree dies. The largest number of wood destroyers was found on A. negundo (39), among which Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer dominate. and Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) P. Karst. With a relatively rich biota of ground macromycetes associated with A. negundo (22 species) and T. cordata (17 species), there is a significant difference in the ratio of its constituent ecological-trophic groups: soil and litter saprotrophs are mainly associated with the first tree species (dominated by representatives of families Agaricaceae , Marasmiaceae and Psathyrellaceae ), with the second - mycorrhiza formers (dominated by Inocybe spp ., Inocybaceae ). In general, among the macromycetes of green spaces formed by introduced tree species, the mycobiota of U. pumila and P. maackii is distinguished by the least taxonomic and ecological-trophic diversity.