Morphological and genetic studies of copepods (Copepoda) of zones of the Komi Republic Rivers effected of thermal pollution
E. B. Fefilova, E. E. Rasova, I. O. Velegzhaninov
Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the UB of the RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia
Keywords: mt-DNA COI, morphology, bottom fauna, the Vychegda River, wastewaters
Abstract
In 2018-2020. we identified in Vychegda and Sysola Rivers new for the Komi Republic and the entire Northern Europe species of copepods: Elaphoidella bidens, Phyllognatopus viguieri, Paracyclops imminutus. All of these species were found exclusively in the areas of wastewater discharge of a timber processing company or urban wastewater of the city of Syktyvkar. The analysis of the identified specimens showed their morphological similarity with the type descriptions, only in P. viguieri from Sysola River we found certain features in the structure of the furca which distinguished it from the type form. As a result of molecular genetic studies, we determined that the crustacean Attheyella crassa native to the Vychegda basin is identical in the structure of mtDNA-COI to specimens of this species from the Moscow Oblast, while E. bidens from the zone of influence of wastewaters of a pulp and paper production company in the Vychegda basin differed from representatives of the species from the Moscow Oblast by 14 % and was similar to E. bidens from New Zealand. This characteristic feature of the Vychegda population of E. bidens indirectly confirms that the mechanism of invasion of the species into a new habitat is associated with wastewater. The identified species of copepod crayfish which are new for the Komi Republic represent a facultative synanthropic fauna in the study region that is capable of development only in urbanized areas.
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