POPULATION MIGRATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC: FEATURES AND OPPORTUNITIES
I.S. Stepus, V.A. Gurtov, A.O. Averyanov
Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia
Keywords: Russian Arctic Zone, interregional migration, migration flows, labor surplus regions, employment of graduates
Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis to determine the volume and directions of migration flow of the population to the nine Arctic regions of Russia. It identifies labor surplus constituent entities of the Russian Federation relying on statistics on the state of regional labor markets and tests the hypothesis about the role of labor surplus regions in supplying the Arctic with human resources. The analysis draws on official statistical reports by Rosstat on inter-regional migration of the people aged 14 and over. We examine the qualitative aspects of migration to the Arctic through the reasons why migrants change their place of residence, as well as their level of education. Based on aggregated information, it is possible to construct the structure of migration flows into the Arctic regions using statistical analysis methods. The findings suggest that the 15 labor surplus regions account for only a small share of the total migratory flow to the Arctic. At the same time, it has been found that labor surplus regions, unlike other regions of Russia, are characterized by a positive balance of migration to the Arctic. The example of the Republic of Dagestan shows that the regions of the North Caucasus can act as suppliers of labor resources for the Arctic regions of Russia. Here we also identify 15 Russian regions of origin of the most migrants arriving in the Arctic each year. The results of this study will be of use to the relevant authorities, especially to implement human resources policies aimed at attracting workforce to the Arctic regions.
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