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Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia

2020 year, number 4

1.
SYNTAXONOMIC DIVERSITY OF MEADOW VEGETATION OF RIGHT-BANK PART OF THE UPPER OB BASIN (NOVOSIBIRSK OBLAST)

M.P. Tishchenko, A.Yu. Korolyuk
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 101, Zolotodolinskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
tishenko-1957@mail.ru
Keywords: meadow vegetation, syntaxonomy, forest-steppe zone, Novosibirsk oblast

Abstract >>
The right bank of the Ob River within the Novosibirsk Region represents a piedmont plain adjacent to the Salair Ridge in the West. This territory features erosive landforms with a dense network of river valleys and draws. Th e ravine-draw networks in West Siberia act as reserves for natural vegetation (Laschinsky et al., 2014). The aim of the study was to describe the sintaxonomical diversity and spatial distribution of dry meadow communities growing on the right bank of the Upper Ob basin within the Novosibirsk Region. The study was conducted in the basins of minor rivers which are the Ob, Berd and Inya tributaries. The study was based on 245 geobotanical relevés. The study area is situated in the forest-steppe zone (Kuminova et al., 1963; Makunina, Maltseva, 2008; Makunina, 2016). According to the ecological-fl oristic classification meadow vegetation is represented by 6 associations, 5 subassociations and 3 variants that belong to 2 suballiances, 4 alliances, 4 orders and 2 classes (Table 1). The most widespread meadows are those of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea . Forest meadows of the order Carici macrourae-Crepidetalia sibiricae form the edge of forests patches. Draw bottoms and shaded slopes are the best places for developing moderately moist forest meadows of the association Crepidetum sibiricae , subassociation C. s. typicum , represented by three variants (Table 2). The typical communities of this subassociation occur mainly within the Inya-Berd interfl uve. They are confined to the edges of moist small-leaved forests on the upper and middle parts of draw slopes and in depressions. Th e variant Delphinium elatum combines communities of the moistest habitats and is diagnosed by mesohygrophyte species. They occur in ravines, bottoms and lower parts of draw slopes in the north-eastern part of the studied region. Th e variant Serratula coronata combines the most xerophytic communities of the subassociation. They are common in the central part of the Upper Ob basin and in the areas adjacent to Suzun and Karakan pinewoods. They form the edges of forests. They are composed of mesophytes and mesoxerophytes which are characteristic for the forest-steppe birch and birch-pine forests. The edges of zonal birch and aspen-birch forests on the upper and middle parts of draw slopes of various aspects are represented by natural dry forest meadows of the association Filipendulo vulgaris-Brachypodietum pinnati (Table 3). Flattened watersheds and inter-draw areas are covered with derived communities of stepped meadows of the association Filipendulo vulgaris-Dactylidetum glomeratae of the order Galietalia veri (Table 5). True meadows of the order Arrhenatheretalia are developed on old fallow lands and are represented by communities of the subassociations Cirsio setosi-Phleetum pratensis dactyletosum glomeratae and Festuco pratensis-Dac tylidetum glomeratae trifolietosum pratensis (Table 4). A new association Peucedani morisonii-Calamagrosti etum epigeii ass. nov. hoc loco was described and attributed to the class Festuco-Brometea . Its communities are confined to the light-exposed draw slopes and represent the most xeric stepped meadows in the studied area (Table 6). The nomenclature type (holotypus hoc loco): table 6, rel. 2 (field number 19-372), Novosibirsk Region, Cherepanovsky District, Posevnaya settlement vicinities, 54.30933° N, 83.26871° E, 21.06.2019, author: A.Yu. Korolyuk.



2.
NEW LOCATIONS OF RARE AND PROTECTED SPECIES OF PLANTS IN WESTERN SIBERIA

N.A. Alekseeva1, O.G. Voronova1, V.A. Glazunov2, E.V. Elisheva3, A.N. Ivanova1, O.N. Kulyov4, N.V. Kulyova5, S.A. Nikolaenko2, N.V. Khozyainova1
1Tyumen State University, Institute of Biology, 3, Pirogova str., Tyumen, 625043, Russia
2Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, P/O box 2774, Tyumen, 625003, Russia
v_gl@inbox.ru
3Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution Omutinsky Secondary School No. 2, 233a, Sovetskaya str., Omutinskoe, Tyumen, 627070, Russia
4LLC Scientific and Production Enterprise “Ivolga”, 143a, Respubliki str., Tyumen, 625026, Russia
5Regional social rehabilitation center “Semiya”, 14a, Geologorazvedchikov str., Tyumen, 625026, Russia
Keywords: flora, new location, rare species, Red Data Book, Western Siberia

Abstract >>
The article contains information about the new locations for 29 species of vascular plants from the regional Red Data Books, including for fi ve species from the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation ( Coleanthus subtilis , Cypripedium calceolus , C. macranthos , Neottianthe cucullata , Orchis militaris ). Rarity categories are indicated, as well as the presence in the Red Data Books of adjacent regions. For Dryopteris fi lix-mas , Lycopodiella inundata , Malaxis monophyllos recommendations for changing the status of rarity are given.



3.
VEGETATION OF THE STOW "PEONY STEPPE" (ULYANOVSK REGION)

S.A. Senator1, V.M. Vasjukov2, L.A. Novikova3, A.E. Mitroshenkova4, N.S. Rakov2, S.V. Saksonov2
1Tsitsyn Main Botanical Garden N.V. Tsitsyn, RAS, 4, Botanicheskaya str., Moscow, 127276, Russia
stsenator@yandex.ru
2Samara Federal Research Center of the RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of the RAS, 10, Komzina str., Tolliatti, 445003, Russia
3Penza State University, 40, Krasnaya str., Penza, 440026, Russia
4Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26, Antonova-Ovseenko str., Samara, 443090, Russia
Keywords: flora, rare steppe communities, Red Data Book, valuable botanical object, Ulyanovsk region

Abstract >>
The data on the vegetation of a valuable botanical object “Peony steppe” are presented. The stow is located in the vicinities of the village Belogorovka (Radischevskiy district of Ulyanovsk region) and is proposed for inclusion in the regional network of protected areas. In the structure of the vegetation cover the patterns of rare plant communities distribution were revealed depending on the main geomorphological and edaphic factors: semi-shrub calciferous steppes were more oft en confined to the tops and upper parts of the slopes; feather-grass and herbaceous calciphyte steppes were developed in the middle and lower parts of the slopes; restoration of many rare species of different herbaceous steppes is often carried out with some disturbance. Flora of the stow “Peony steppe” contains 248 species of vascular plants, including 9 species listed in Red Data Book of the Russian Federation: Fritillaria ruthenica , Globularia punctata , Hedysarum grandifl orum , Iris aphylla , I. pumila , Paeonia tenuifolia , Stipa pennata , S. pulcherrima , Th ymus dubjanskyi ( Th . cimicinus auct. p. max. p.) and more than 20 species listed in Red Data Book of the Ulyanovsk region: Adonanthe vernalis , Alyssum lenense , Asperula exasperata , Astragalus cornutus , Cephalaria uralensis , Euphorbia pseudagraria , Goniolimon elatum , Helictotrichon desertorum , Linum perenne , Polygala sibirica , Scabiosa isetensis , Stipa korshinskyi et al. The stow is characterized by presence of rare calcifi c steppe and forest vegetation including community with Paeonia tenuifolia .



4.
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF AGRIMONIA PILOSA (ROSACEAE) IN NATURAL CONDITIONS AND THE INTRODUCTION

T.M. Shaldaeva, V.A. Kostikova, E.P. Khramova
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 101, Zolotodolinskaia str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
tshaldaeva@yandex.ru
Keywords: Agrimonia pilosa, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, HPLC, natural and introduction populations

Abstract >>
The composition and content of phenolic compounds in the leaves and infl orescences of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. in natural conditions and the introduction were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The samples for the study were picked in natural cenopopulation of Altai Republic and Novosibirsk region and at the introduction division of the CSBG SB RAS. Flavonols, fl avones and phenolic acids is represented in plant extracts. Hyperoside, rutin and ellagic acid were identified as the main components in the above-ground organs of A. pilosa . The highest contents of rutin (6.31 mg/g) and hyperoside (4.53 mg/g) were found in infl orescences and leaves of plants from the Ust-Koksinsky district of the Altai Republic. A sample from the natural population of Novosibirsk region is released by the largest amount of ellagic acid in leaves (2.26 mg/g) and infl orescences (4.12 mg/g). The smallest content of all identified substances was detected in plants from the introduction population. It was found that the total fl avonoid content studied by spectrophotometric method in the above-ground organs of A. pilosa is quite high and ranges from 2.66 to 4.37 % in the leaves and from 3.15 to 4.87 % in inflorescences. It was noted that the content of individual flavonoids and the total content of flavonoids are higher in the infl orescences of A. pilosa than in the leaves.



5.
ADDITION TO THE LICHEN FLORA OF NORTH-EASTERN PRIOKHOTYE (MAGADAN REGION), II

E.V. Zheludeva1, L.S. Yakovchenko2, T.V. Makryi3
1Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, 18, Portovaya str., Magadan, 685000, Russia
elena.zheludeva.88@mail.ru
2Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, 159, 100th Anniversary of Vladivostok Ave., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
lidiyakovchenko@mail.ru
3Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 101, Zolotodolinskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
tatiana.makryi@gmail.com
Keywords: lichens, new records, distribution, Russian Far East

Abstract >>
It is reported about 17 species of lichens, new to the North-Eastern Priokhotye within the Magadan Region: Acarospora veronensis A. Massal., Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins et Scheid., Aspicilia cinerea (L.) Körb., Caloplaca cerina (Ehnh. åx Hedw.) Th . Fr., Lecanora circumborealis Brodo et Vitik., L. polytropa (Hoff m.) Rabenh., L. pulicaris (Pers.) Ach., L. symmicta (Ach.) Ach., Lecidella euphorea (Flörke) Hertel, L. stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel et Leuckert, Lepra panyrga (Ach.) Hafellner, Myriospora smaragdula (Wahlenb.) Nägeli ex Uloth, Ochrolechia androgyna (Hoff m.) Arnold, Ophioparma lapponica (Räsänen) Hafellner et R.W. Rogers, Pertusaria coriacea (Th . Fr.) Th . Fr., Rhizocarpon grande (Flörke ex Flot.) Arnold, Tremolecia atrata (Ach.) Hertel. Two species among them, Myriospora smaragdula and Caloplaca cerina are new for the Magadan Region. Data on new locality and habitats as well as distribution within the Russian Far East are presented.



6.
PHENOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF EARLY-BLOOMING PLANTS OF BURYATIA TO CLIMATE CHANGE

D.V. Sandanov1, E.A. Batotsyrenov2
1Institute of the General and Experimental Biology SB RAS, 6. Sakhyanovoi str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia
denis.sandanov@gmail.com
2Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS, 6, Sakhyanovoi str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia
edikbat@gmail.com
Keywords: phenology, early-blooming plants, Pulsatilla patens, Rhododendron dauricum, Amygdalus pedunculata, Buryatia

Abstract >>
Information on seasonal development of early-blooming plants in Buryatia is presented. Analysis of long-term phenological studies with 50-year span and blooming dynamic for Pulsatilla patens from end of XIX century till beginning of XXI century have been elaborated. Mapping of blooming of P. patens in different regions of Buryatia revealed eco-geographic features of species phenology. Using phenological information on the base of herbarium specimens of Amygdalus pedunculata showed perspectives of such approach for estimating seasonal development of the species.



7.
DYNAMICS OF THE NUMBER OF SUBARCTIC MYCOBIOTA OF THE YAMAL PENINSULA UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE

A.G. Shiryaev, V.A. Mukhin
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, UB RAS, 202, 8 March str., Ekaterinburg, 620144, Russia
anton.g.shiryaev@gmail.com
Keywords: global warming, forest-tundra, monitoring, indicators, remote sensing, fungal ecology, Arctic, Russia

Abstract >>
Due to the climate warming in the Arctic, natural zones are shifting to the north, while typical forest species different groups of living organisms are increasing ability in areas where previously the basic positions were occupied by the Arctic-Alpine species (Walker et al., 2012; Shiryaev et al., 2019; Myers-Smith et al., 2020). Th e 40-years long dynamic on dominant species abundance of wood-inhabiting Poroid fungi in the southern Yamal Peninsula (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District) due to climate change was studied. The data on fungi abundance are based on the results obtained by Prof. V.A. Mukhin (1993) in the early 1980s. Repeated syntopic studies were carried out in 2018 and 2019. Changes in the abundance were studied by two methods: direct - implying the registration of accounting units (fruiting bodies) of fungi for an area (specimens/hectare); and indirect - an estimation of the proportion of woody substrates inhabited by fungi (%). Both methods showed similar results. In areas that 40 years ago were characterized by the “forest-tundra” abundance of boreal fungi, the abundance has changed and corresponds to the “northern boreal” indicators. Over the 40-year period, the average annual air temperature in the study area increased by 0.8 °Ñ, and therefore the “forest-tundra” abundance of Poroid fungi species shifted to the north. For fungi growing on deciduous wood in zonal habitats, the displacement averaged 47 km/1 °Ñ, while for those associated with conifers - 31.5 km/1 °Ñ. This result indicates that Poroid fungi are clear indicators of ongoing climate warming in the Arctic.



8.
SEED PRODUCTION OF THE GYNODIOECIOUS SPECIES AJUGA REPTANS IN THE MOSCOW REGION

V.N. Godin, L.R. Akhmetgarieva
Moscow Pedagogical State University, 6, Kibalchicha str., bldg. 3, Moscow, 129164, Russia
vn.godin@mpgu.su
Keywords: gynodioecy, Ajuga reptans, seed production, Moscow region

Abstract >>
The reproductive biology of Ajuga reptans (Lamiaceae) was studied in the Moscow region. A. reptans is a perennial, chasmogamous species that occurs relatively frequently in Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Agrostietea stoloniferae, Galio-Urticetea dioicae, and Carpino-Fagetea communities. According to our data (Godin, Akhmetgarieva, 2019), A. reptans is a gynodioecious species that forms two types of flowers on the different plants. Gynodioecy is a type of a breeding system where, when pistillate flowers are produced on some plants, it perfects flowers on other plants (Rivkin et al., 2016; Godin, 2019, 2020). There is too little information about the reproductive system of A. reptans as the gynodioecious species. The reproductive biology of A. reptans was studied, specifically addressing the following: P/O ratio, breeding system, and seed production. Pollination and breeding system observations were carried out in a natural population. A gauze bag was used to bag 10 inflorescences from 10 diff erent individual plants; the remaining inflorescences (control) were always within sight of potential pollinators. Because bagged perfect and pistillate fl owers of A. reptans produced no fruits, newly opened flowers were hand-pollinated with pollen from the same flower or from the other plants and the flowers were subsequently bagged in order to detect self-incompatibility. The presence of agamospermy was investigated by emasculating flowers immediately before anthesis, followed by bagging. The number of seeds produced in each treatment was counted at the end of fructifi cation. The mean values of the P/O ratio for A. reptans flowers were from 592 to 731. According to ideas of R.W. Cruden (1977), A. reptans refers to the facultative xenogamic species. Neither two types of sexual plants produced seeds from emasculated and bagged flowers, which indicates the absence of agamospermy. Seed production by self-pollinated, by hand, and bagged perfect fl owers of A. reptans was 75.5 %, indicating the presence of certain self-pollination and geitonogamy. Seed production (control, free pollination) of perfect flowers and plants are significantly higher than pistillate flowers and female plants. Th ese differences are related to a low activity of different insects that visit fl owers of A. reptans , especially pistillate fl owers. There are no differences in seed production of perfect and pistillate flowers when they are pollinated by hand because, in such situations, an abundance of pollen occurs.



9.
GALINA IVANOVNA VISOCHINA (28.09.1937-01.10.2020)