STABILITY OF THE WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE ANGARA RIVER BASIN IN DIFFERENT WATER DISCHARGE CONDITIONS
V.M. NIKITIN1,2, N.V. ABASOV1, M.V. BOLGOV3, E.N. OSIPCHUK1
1Melentiev Energy Systems Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033, Irkutsk, ul. Lermontova, 130, Russia
2Irkutsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 664033, Irkutsk, ul. Lermontova, 134, Russia
3Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, ul. Gubkina, 3, Russia
Keywords: water users, regulation regimes, stability of functioning, availability of water resources, low-water period, reservoir release rules
Abstract
The problems of the functioning of water management system of the Angara river basin in the case of deviations from normal water-discharge conditions are considered. Based on the analysis of actual water resource management regimes of Angara cascade reservoirs over the last 30 years, it is shown that in years of high and especially low water availability the needs of water users for water resources with regulatory reliability and the enforcement of current legislation are not met in full measure. This statement is confirmed by the analysis of the water management system of the Angara river basin in the most well-known low-water periods. It is noted that the main reason for this situation, along with climate changes in the basins of Lake Baikal and Angara river, is the current legal framework and the water management system based on it. Other reasons for reducing the overall reliability and stability of the water management system are also considered. A universal indicator of sustainability is proposed in the form of a normative range of water resources availability for each water user, taking into account the fulfillment of various conditions and restrictions. A modeling of possible and acceptable modes of regulation of the Angara cascade reservoirs for various variants based on statistical data of inflow for a 115-year observation period is performed. For each of the variants considered, estimates were obtained of the water availability as regards the fulfillment of the necessary requirements and restrictions. Due to the fact that over the last two decades there has occurred a significant change in climate and hydrological characteristics in the basins of Lake Baikal and the Angara river, a scenario of long-term reduced water discharge was additionally developed. As a result of the research, the most effective (sustainable) version of regulation has been determined in terms of increasing the availability of water resources for water users and consumers within the Angara basin and meeting the main modern requirements and restrictions. To improve the stability of the water management system of the Angara river basin, it is proposed to make changes and additions to existing legal documents.
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