REGULAR CHANGES IN SOIL TEMPERATURES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE UDYL' WILDLIFE RESERVE (LOWER AMUR REGION)
L.S. SHARAYA1, P.S. VAN2
1Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, 445003, Tolyatti, ul. Komzina, 10, Russia
2Centralized Directorate of State Nature Reserves and National Parks of Khabarovsk Krai "Zapovednoe Priamurie", 680038, Khabarovsk, ul. Serysheva, 60, Russia
Keywords: spatial modeling, geomorphometry, morphometric values multiple regression, catena, curvature
Abstract
Landscape-ecological investigations were made at the topological level in the summer period of 2014 and 2016-2017 on the territory of the Udyl’ federal wildlife reserve, a model study area of the Lower Amur region. Twenty-six trial areas were established and described in detail. Soil temperature was measured at different depths in each trial state. To identify the regularities in soil temperature changes on the territory under study for understanding the interdependencies within the region’s geosystems, an analysis was made of the relationships between soil temperatures and environmental factors by using the method of multiple regression that was improved for ecosystem analysis. Spatial analysis of soil temperatures showed their dependence on the position in the landscape catena, the vicinity of the lake, slope exposure of the slope and on landforms. Regression models were constructed which describe soil temperature changes at different depths using topographic attributes. The models are characterized by close statistical relationships. The coefficients of determination R2 varied from 0,83 to 0,87. The characteristics of the relief of the study territory were used to construct the model of the types of position (R2 = 0,85). It was shown that surface soil layer temperatures are influenced the most by the position in the catena, and the temperatures at depths depend on the distance from the lake center. The identified relationships were used as the basis to construct detailed raster maps with cells of 50 x 50 square meters. They can be used to calculate soil and vegetation cover gridded maps. It was shown that the use of topography, which is a redistributor of light, heat, moisture, and lithodynamic flows, provides a clearly pronounced effect in soil temperature models. Identification of close relationships between abiotic features and topography enables reliable maps of biotic characteristics, in contrast to simple interpolation of measured data.
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