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Geography and Natural Resources

2021 year, number 1

THE FEATURES OF FORMATION AND FUNCTIONING PRINCIPLES OF OIL AND GAS FIELD TEHNOGEOSYSTEMS

K.V. Myachina1, V.P. Petrishchev1, A.A. Chibilev1, E.V. Krasnov2
1Institute of Steppe, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 460000, Orenburg, ul. Pionerskaya, 11, Russia
2Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016, Kaliningrad, ul. A. Nevskogo, 14, Russia
Keywords: oil and gas production, steppe landscapes, technogeosystems of oil and gas field, principle of stadiality, change of invariant

Abstract

We authors characterize the stadial structure of the formation of technogeosystems of oil and gas fields (TGSOGF) based on field and laboratory studies using remote sensing data from 12 key study plots within of oil and gas fields in the Volga-Ural steppe region. It is suggested that TGSOGF should be considered to mean a complete set of modified natural components and technological facilities that function as a single whole in the process of development of an oil and gas field. Two main principles of formation and functioning of TGSOGF were highlighted. One principle implies temporal stadiality of development determined by the period of development of the field and by the level (variety) of technogenic load on the landscape. The other principle is the reversible and irreversible transformation of landscape components, leading to a change in mutual physical-energy connections of its vertical and horizontal structures. The diffuse-linear distribution of structural links of oil and gas fields forms a specific space of technogenic influence, characterized by the overlap, intersection, and combination of the influence zones of oil and gas production facilities. There are five stages of the initial landscape transformation with varying degrees of involvement of components in the transformation process. The initial landscape structure includes a technogenic block, including with the irreversible introduction of structures of liquidated and/or temporarily closed wells at the final stage of field development. Thus the equifinality is manifested, which means the completion of the oil and gas production process, which is equivalent for landscapes, and the natural invariant is replaced by a natural-technogenic one. Analysis of the characteristics and identification of regularities of functioning of oil and gas fields gave rise to the proposed concept of the formation of TGSOGF, the rationale for optimization of oil and gas fields nature management with respect to the system development principles and stages of TGSOGF.