Toxic effect of copper-zinc pyrite ore on erythropoiesis in chronic experiment
Klara R. Ziyakaeva, Aliya F. Kayumova
Bashkir State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Ufa, Russia
klazia@yandex.ru
Keywords: erythropoiesis, erythroblastic islet, red blood cells, heavy metals
Abstract
Natural ores contain a
large number of harmful components for human health. Workers of mining
and processing enterprises, who have long-term contact with these
natural elements, are often diagnosed with anemia, that pathogenesis is
not sufficiently studied. Aim of the study was to detail the mechanisms
of rats’ erythron disorders in the long-term intoxication by natural
complex of heavy metal compounds of copper-zinc pyrite ore. Material and
methods. The work was performed on 60 white non-linear male rats aged
3-4 months weighing 220,52 ± 15,51 g. The experimental group of animals (
n = 40) were injected orally with water suspension of copper-zinc
powder in a bread crumb an hour before standard feeding during 75-120
days. The blood and bone marrow of experimental groups of rats were
carried out on the 75-th, 90-th, 105-th and 120-th days of the
experiment. The blood and bone marrow of rats’ control groups were
studied on the 75-th and 105-th day. The central part of erythron was
assessed by the number and composition of the erythroblastic islets (EI)
of bone marrow, the number of free macrophages, the coefficients of
involvement of colony-forming units of red blood cells (CFU-E) and
macrophages into erythropoiesis. Results. In the peripheral blood of
experimental rats the number of red blood cells and the content of
hemoglobin were reliably less than the control values on the 90-th and
120-th day, the number of reticulocytes was exceeded the control group
on the 75-th, 105-th and 120-th day. In the bone marrow of experimental
rats there were only a single EI1 and EI2 classes of maturity.
Throughout the experiment, the content of free macrophages and EI with
reticulocytes «crown» in the bone marrow of rats was elevated, and the
concentration of iron and erythropoietin in the blood, on the contrary,
was reduced. The intensity of CFU-E involvement in the erythropoiesis
was less than the control level by 2 times on 105th and 120th days of
the experiment. Conclusion. With long-term introduction of copper-zinc
pyrite ore in the bone marrow of rats the process of formation of EI de
novo is suppressed by destabilizing the contact of free bone macrophages
with young red blood cells. There is reduces in the content of serum
erythropoietin and bound iron, that combines with the change of
erythropoiesis nature, leads to decreasing of the number of mature red
blood cells and content of hemoglobin in the peripheral blood.
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