QUALITY OF Maackia amurensis Rupr. (Leguminosae) SEEDS AND CONDITIONS OF PRESOWING PREPARATION
K. G. Tkachenko1, N. A. Timchenko2, O. N. Shcherbakova2, V. F. Bobenko2, N. E. Staroverov3, A. Yu. Gryaznov3, E. D. Kholopova3
1Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
2Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Blagoveshchensk, Russian Federation
3St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University Named after V. I. Ulyanov, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: маакия амурская, качество и хранение семян, прорастание, стимуляторы, рентгенография, Дальний Восток России, Amur maackia, quality and storage seeds, germination, stimulants, radiography, Russian Far East
Abstract
Amur maackia Maackia amurensis Rupr. (Leguminosae) is a valuable, relict and rare plant in the flora of Russian Far East, which has now acquired importance as a promising medicinal plant, based on which raw materials they develop new highly effective drugs, while it rarely used in urban greening. It belongs to shade-tolerant rocks, it is of little demanding to soil fertility, because of the superficial root system, and single-standing trees do not withstand wind loads. In connection with the increasing loads on the natural resources of this species when harvesting plant materials, there is a problem of developing the basics of laying the plantations and growing (cultivating) in nurseries or specialized farms. Amur maackia in places of natural growth multiplies mainly by seed, although it also forms root growth. However, in nature, it does not always form seeds, which makes it difficult to reproduce. Evaluation of the quality of seeds and methods of their germination is relevant for the development of reproduction methods and the laying of plantations, in order to create a resource base of a valuable resource type. Modern methods of microfocus radiography of reproductive diasporas allow to quickly determining the quality of seed. Amur maackia seeds remain viable for a long time (up to 3-5 years). Seeds for laying nurseries should be collected in places of natural growth, pre-selecting the largest, well-made, removing small and defective ones from the collected lots. With an increase in the shelf life of seeds for germination, various methods should be applied: scalding with hot water, treatment with concentrated acid, or soaking in a 3 % solution of hydrogen peroxide; for production purposes, it is best to carry out under the winter sowing.
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