SPECIFICS OF THE PHENOLIC COMPOUND COMPOSITION AND CONTENT IN LEAVES OF Populus alba L., P. tremula L. AND P. x canescens (Ait.) Sm
M. S. Voronkova, E. V. Banaev, S. V. Shishkin, A. A. Erst
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Zolotodolinskaya str. 101, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russian Federation
Keywords: тополь сереющий, тополь белый, осина обыкновенная, флавоноиды, ВЭЖХ, gray poplar, white poplar, aspen, flavonoids, HPLC
Abstract
The article represents studying the phenolic compound composition and content in leaves of white poplar Populus alba L., aspen P. tremula L. and grey poplar P. × canescens (Ait.) Sm. by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. 24 compounds of phenolic nature were discovered, 7 of which are determined: coffee acid, quercetin glycosides - hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and kaempferol glycoside - astragalin, aglycone - quercetin and galangin. The research showed that white poplar and aspen species are easily separated by HPLC on the composition and content of phenolic compounds. It is found that aspen spectrum of phenolic compounds is poorer in comparison with white and grey poplar samples occupy an intermediate position between white poplar and aspen on the composition and content of phenolic compounds, but the majority of hybrid samples evading towards white poplar. According to the cluster analysis, the studied samples are divided into 2 groups on the compound composition and content of phenolic compounds: only 4 hybrids are combined with aspen, the rest are grouped with white poplar, while the «pure» copies of white poplar is not stand out in an independent subgroup. The relation of objects grouping with their geographical origin isn’t revealed. The obtained results indicate that in the analyzed material there are not only the F1 hybrids, but backcrosses, which are closer to white poplar both on phenolic compounds content and morphological signs. These forms are most likely the result of grey and white poplars return crossings.
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