EXPERIENCE OF SYNTHETIC APPROACH TO ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF VASCULAR EPIPHYTES
N. M. DERZHAVINA
Orel State University named after I. S. Turgenev, Orel, Russia
Keywords: экологическая классификация, протоэпифиты, голоэпифиты, гемиэпифиты, предаптивные и адаптивные механизмы, морфофункциональные и физиолого-функциональные типы, ecological classification, protoepiphytes, holoepiphytes, hemiepiphytes, preadaptive and adaptive mechanisms, morphofunctional and physiofunctional types
Abstract
On the basis of an investigation of epiphytic ferns and taking into account the literature data, information on ecological classifications of vascular epiphytes is summarized and a multiple ecological classification is proposed, in which vascular epiphytes are grouped into 3 blocks of morpho-functional types (MFT): facultative epiphytes (protoephiphytes), obligate epiphytes (holoepiphytes) and hemiepiphytes, and obligate epiphytes (holoepiphytes) and hemi-epiphytes and hemi-epiphytes and hemiepiphytes and obligate epiphytes (holoepiphytes) and hemi-epiphytes. The main criterion underlying this division is the degree of specialization of plants to the epiphytic way of life. Each group includes several subgroups diverged on the basis of presence of special morphological structures providing epiphytes with nutrients and water under conditions of their deficit as well as life in the conditions of low irradiation and high hydrature. Within the subgroups, the variants are distinguished and inside them - preadaptive and adaptive mechanisms used by the epiphytes in order to cope with the specific environment. Physiofunctional types with specialization to epiphytic mode of life are distinguished as well.
|
