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Russian Geology and Geophysics

2019 year, number 9

THE OLIMPIADA GOLD DEPOSIT (YENISEI RIDGE): TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE, COMPOSITION OF ORE-FORMING FLUIDS, delta34S IN SULFIDES, 3HE/4HE OF FLUIDS, AR-AR AGE AND DURATION OF DEPOSIT FORMATION

N.A. Gibsher1, A.A. Tomilenko1, A.V. Sazonov2, T.A. Bul’bak1, M.A. Ryabukha1, S.A. Sil’yanov2, N.A. Nekrasova2, M.O. Khomenko1, E.O. Shaparenko1
1V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
2Siberian Federal University, School of Mining, Geology and Geotechnology, pr. Svobodnyi 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
Keywords: Ar-Ar возраст, Fluid inclusions, quartz, gold, hydrocarbons, Ar-Ar age

Abstract

New thermobarogeochemical and isotope-geochemical data are presented, which show the intricate and long history of the formation of the unique Olimpiadinskoe gold deposit with predicted gold reserves of >1000 tons on the Yenisei Ridge. Metal-bearing oxidized water-carbon dioxide and reduced carbon dioxide-hydrocarbon fluids participated (at the same time or successively) in the formation of the deposit at 220-470 ºC and 0.6-2.5 kbar. Fluids of gold-bearing mineral assemblages include CO2, hydrocarbons, and S-, N-, and halogen-containing compounds capable of transporting ore elements, including gold. Highly mobile carbon dioxide-hydrocarbon fluids were responsible for the appearance of disseminated gold mineralization in large bodies of quartz-carbonate-mica schists serving as geochemical barriers in the Olimpiadinskoe deposit. The deposit formed in the period from 817 to 660 Ma, which fits the time interval from crystallization to cooling (868-721 Ma) of the most proximal multiphase Chirimba granitoid pluton. The hydrothermal activity of the fluids that formed the Olimpiadinskoe deposit lasted at least 100-150 Myr.

DOI: 10.15372/RGG2019073