Physical Conditions of Working Population in the Siberian Federal District
M.I. Voevoda1, V.M. Chernyshev2,3, O.V. Strelchenko4, I.F. Mingazov5
1Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine SB RAS
2Novosibirsk State Medical University
3Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics
4Siberian District Medical Center of the Federal Medical Biological Agency
5Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Novosibirsk Region
Keywords: работоспособное население, смертность, заболеваемость с временной утратой трудоспособности, профессиональная заболеваемость, Сибирский федеральный округ, working population, mortality, morbidity with temporary disability, occupational morbidity, Federal district
Abstract
The share of working-age population in Russia is gradually decreasing. According to forecasts, in 2026 the total population will decrease by 4.3%, while the able-bodied - by 16.4%, which will lead to a drop of this group’s share in the overall age structure to 55.1% (in 2008 it was 63.2%). For this reason, the health status of this category of citizens, cause of death analysis and measures of reducing it are of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to examine the status, dynamics and characteristics of morbidity, including occupational, and causes of death of the able-bodied population of the Siberian Federal district (SFO). Based on analysis of literature on morbidity and mortality of persons of working age in the SFD and Russia, as well as statistical data of regional health authorities of the SFD, the authors concluded that the health of working-age population in Siberia is significantly worse than the average in Russia. At the same time, the sickness rate both with a first-time diagnosis and the overall morbidity continues rising. Although mortality decreases over time, this process is slower than in the whole country, so over 7 years the gap from the all-Russian indicators increased from 14.8 to 17.25%. External causes of death, such as murder, suicide, poisoning with alcohol substitutes and other are rising in the structure of mortality rate (relative to Russia as a whole). Despite a significant reduction in the number of fatal accidents at work (per 1,000 people), the Siberian Federal district still ranks ahead of the Far East and the Volga Federal districts.
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