Revisiting the Question of Preserving Human Capital in the East of Russia: the Life of a Teacher and a Doctor after the В«May Decrees»
I.P. Glazyrina1,2, L.M. Faleychik3
1Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology, SB RAS
2Transbaikal State University
3Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS
Keywords: приграничные регионы Востока России, экономический рост, человеческий капитал, качество жизни, border regions of Russia’s East, economic growth, human capital, life quality
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to analyze the dynamics of some socio-economic processes to assess changes in the social sphere in the sub-federal units of the Russian Federation of the South of the Far East and the Baikal region after the reforms that began in connection with the implementation of the “May decrees” of the President in 2012. According to the Romer-Lucas model, the increase in knowledge and the quality of human capital are key conditions for the development of territories in the long term, so the state of health and education is one of the most important factors in solving geopolitical problems in the East of the country. The calculations showed that the reform in the social sphere did not bring the expected positive results either in the context of the individual welfare of workers, or in terms of increasing the availability of education and health services, at least in the public sector. This is equally true for those border regions where new measures of institutional transformation have taken place - that is, in the South of the Far East, and for the Baikal region “not covered” by these measures. The results confirmed the thesis that in the regional policy in the East it is important to focus not so much on the volume as on the quality of investments: to what extent they contribute to the improvement of the basic conditions that determine the improvement of the quality of life of citizens.
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