Home – Home – Jornals – Chemistry for Sustainable Development 2019 number 3

Mechanoemission-related data obtained at the ISSCM SB RAS, and the most essential results from the literature are reviewed. The consequences of strong electron emission were recorded in the spectra of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic resonance at room temperature. Anisotropic noise-like spectra of ferromagnetic resonance with a signal-to-noise ratio of about 10¹-10⁵ were observed after single acts of shock mechanical loading in a number of non-magnetic dielectrics, including NaF, KBr, NH₄I, TiO₂, Al (OH)₃, and others. Ferromagnetism is associated with the formation of metastable electron-hole states resulting from charge separation in slip planes under mechanical loading of powders. The relationship between intense mechanoemission of electrons and the formation of the dynamic state, namely dense aerosol of charged particles (gas dusty plasma), is highlighted. The features of a new class of eco-engineering facilities with the general name Electro Mass Classifier (EMC) based on the generation and relaxation of gas-dusty plasma are described. The results of model experiments on EMC showing the complexity of the ongoing processes but allowing one, to a certain extent, to predict trends, implement scaling and optimization of the technique are presented. The most promising areas of EMC application are listed, including the separation of dielectric powders, semiconductors and metals within a wide range of particle sizes ~10^-1-10² microns. In combination with planetary mills, EMC is used for nano-architectural design of composite materials. Effective removal of dust from fine natural and technogenic raw materials provides the possibility of dry selective separation.