Methodological Foundation for a System Theory of Creating and Developing Innovation Clusters in Russian Regions (Case Study of the Medicine and Technology Cluster in Novosibirsk Oblast)
E.V. Mamonova
General of the Innovative Medicine and Technology Center (Medical Technopark), Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: инновационный кластер, кластерная политика, базовые принципы системного подхода, системное проектирование инновационных кластеров, innovation cluster, cluster policy, fundamentals of the system approach, system design of innovation clusters
Abstract
The article considers modern theories of cluster development and cluster policy. We assess clustering trends in foreign countries and examine pilot clusters in the Russian Federation. We describe the structure of the theoretical foundation of system bases for innovation clusters. The article presents an approach to creating integrated innovative clusters as a complex set of interconnected elements and subsystems. It defines key systemic principles providing a basis for innovation clusters. The system design principles of integrated multi-level innovation clusters are determined as follows: consistency; centralized operation; non-additivity; balancing between the clusters’ main and supporting; maximum reasonable efficiency; harmony among projects with different deadlines; maintaining a critical mass of cluster members; overcoming the barriers of subject areas in innovation; continuous step-by-step development. The article designs a three-level innovation mega-cluster, as well as an innovation cluster structure that satisfies the principles of centralized operation and overcoming the barriers of subject areas in innovation.
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