SUPPRESSION OF THE BACKGROUND WITH DRASTIC DIFFERENCES IN BRIGHTNESS IN A SEQUENCE OF IMAGES OF DYNAMIC SMALL-SIZE OBJECTS
G. I. Gromilin1, V. P. Kosykh1,2, S. A. Popov1, V. A. Streltsov3
1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
3Joint-Stock Company Scientific and Production Association 'Orion', Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: малоразмерные объекты, подавление фона, дробный сдвиг, small-size objects, background suppression, fractional displacement
Abstract
Among other problems, systems of space monitoring of the near-Earth space include detection of moving low-contrast objects in images with a powerful spatially unstable background significantly exceeding random (in most cases, weakly correlated) noise. The most effective method of increasing the signal-to-noise ratio under the conditions of different velocities of the objects and background is interframe processing of a sequence of images, which ensures suppression of the background component in the current frame by means of subtracting its estimate obtained from the previous frames. The problem is the presence of a priori unknown motion of the background, leading to significant errors in estimate formation in the regions of sudden changes in the background velocity. The algorithm of interframe processing is studied, which allows one to estimate moderate local motions of the background and to compensate for them down to fractions of the sampling step. Results of full-scale modeling are presented, which demonstrate the possibility of background component suppression down to the noise level even in regions with drastic changes in the background.
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