Salicaceae-Feeding Leaf-Mining Insects in Siberia: Distribution, Trophic Specialization and Pest Status
N. I. KIRICHENKO1,2,3, M. V. SKVORTSOVA2, V. M. PETKO1, M. G. PONOMARENKO4,5, C. LOPEZ-VAAMONDE3,6
1Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, 50/28
2Siberian Federal University, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Svobodny ave., 79
3Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-45075 Orleans, cedex, 2, CS 40001 Ardon, France, 2163 Ave. de la Pomme de Pin
4Federal Research Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, 690022, Vladivostok, 100 year Vladivostok ave., 159
5Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, island Russky
6Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, 37200, Tours, France, Parc Grandmont, Ave. Monge
Keywords: минирующие насекомые, ДНК-баркодинг, распространение, региональные находки, вредители, Salix, Populus, Сибирь, Leaf-mining insects, DNA barcoding, distribution, regionаl findings, pests, Siberia
Abstract
The paper provides an overview of leaf-mining insects complex damaging willows ( Salix spp.) and poplars ( Populus spp.) in Siberia. According to literature data and our observations, 50 leaf-mining insect species (i. e. 24 species from Lepidoptera, 15 Coleoptera, 6 Diptera and 5 Hymenoptera) feed on plants from these two genera in Siberia. Using an integrative approach combining field work, morphological and DNA barcoding analyses, we identified 32 leaf-mining insects from 14 regions across Siberia (i. e. 64 % of all species on Salicaceae in this part of Russia). Among them, 26 species, most often found in parks and botanical gardens, represented new faunistic records for several poorly explored regions of Siberia. We increased the list of Salicaceae-feeding leaf-mining insects in Tomsk Region, Altai Territory and the Republic of Tuva in more than two times and for the first time provided data on leaf-miners for the northwestern region - Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. The micromoth Phyllocnistis gracilistylella (Gracillariidae), recently described from Japan, is a new record to Russia from the south of Krasnoyarsk Territory, where it was found on a new host plant ( Salix carpea ). Eight leaf-mining insect species (i. e. 5 gracillariids Phyllocnistis labyrinthella, Ph. unipunctella, Phyllonorycter apparella, Ph. sagitella , Ph. populifoliella , 2 beetles Zeugophora scutellaris, Isochnus sequensi and one sawfly Heterarthrus ochropoda ) can outbreak on poplars, in urban plantations, botanical gardens and plant nurseries in Siberia, rarely in natural stands. Forty five species of 50 leaf-mining insects known to feed on willows and poplars in Siberia also occur in Central and Eastern Europe. The remaining five species ( Phyllocnistis gracilistylella, Phyllonorycter sibirica, Heterarthrus fasciatus, Tachyerges dauricus, Isochnus arcticus ) recorded in Asia only. The species richness of the family Gracillariidae, the most diverse on Salicaceae in Siberia, has 80 % of similarity to that of the European part of Russia and 71 % to the Russian Far East. We discuss the faunal proximity of these regions and highlight the importance of applying an integrative approach combining ecological, morphological and DNA barcoding analyses to explore and characterize the insect fauna of poorly studied regions of Asian part of Russia.
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