Spatial Distribution of Species Diversity of Clavarioid Mycobiota in West Siberia
A. G. SHIRYAEV1, O. V. MOROZOVA2
1Institute of Plant and Animal Eecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620144, Ekaterinburg, 8 march str., 202
2Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Staromonetny lane, 29
Keywords: биогеография, широтный градиент, картографирование разнообразия, климат, лесотундра, экология грибов, Basidiomycota, biogeography, longitudinal gradient, mapping, climate, forest-tundra, fungal ecology, Basidiomycota
Abstract
The results of a 20-year study of spatial distribution of clavarioid mycobiota in the West Siberian Plain are discussed. The species structure was studied at two scales: a regional (an area of 100,000 km2) and a local (100 km2) ones. One hundred twenty one species of clavarioid fungi were found in the study area. The patterns of spatial variability of species diversity on the plain were revealed. At the regional scale, the maximum species richness of fungi is observed in hemiboreal forests (104 species), while at the local scale it ranges from the middle boreal to hemiboreal (54.3-54.5 species). With the increasing pessimality of the hydro-thermal regime, at both scales, the number of species decreases sharply in the direction of the tundra and steppes. When studying the distribution of diversity among the localities, changes are observed not only along the latitudinal gradient, but also in the longitude sectors: in the forest zone, the richest localities are located on the western and eastern edges of the plain, while in the extensive marshy areas in the center the number of species is lower ( p < 0.05). A map of the spatial distribution of species diversity for the local scale is constructed. The correspondence of the spatial distribution of the studied group of fungi to a global latitudinal gradient is discussed. The main abiotic factors forming a variety of the studied group of fungi in the region are revealed.
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