Assessment of Anthropogenic Influence on Antarctic Mycobiota in Areas of Russian Polar Stations
I. Yu. KIRTSIDELI1, D. Yu. VLASOV1,2, Yu. K. NOVOZHILOV1, E. V. ABAKUMOV2, E. P. BARANTSEVICH3
1Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376, St. Petersburg, prof. Popov str., 2
2Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, University emb., 7/9
3Northwestern Almazov Federal medical research center, 197341, St. Petersburg, Akuratov str., 2
Keywords: микроскопические грибы, Антарктика, антропогенное воздействие, антропогенные субстраты, микробное сообщество, микробиота, почва, microfungi, Antarctic, anthropogenic influence, anthropogenic substrates, microbial communities, mycobiota, soil
Abstract
The results of the investigation of microscopic fungi complexes in the regions of five Russian polar stations in East Antarctica and the Subantarctic are presented in the article. A total of 104 species of microscopic fungi were identified. In samples of soils and anthropogenic materials from polar stations of East Antarctica (Progress, Mirny, Molodezhnaya, Druzhnaya-4) 77 species of fungi were detected by mycological methods, while 87 species of micromycetes were isolated from the Bellingshausen station (Subantarctic). The number of fungi in soils varied from individual propagules in control soils to 94,000 per gram of soil in contaminated areas. The largest number of species is represented by the genus Penicillium (26 species). The species of fungi that form the core of mycobiota in most of the studied habitats have been identified. For soils of East Antarctica it is formed by species of the genera Aureobasidium, Cadophora, Pseudogymnoascus ( Geomyces ), Thelebolus, and Phoma . There are significant differences in the mycobiota of East Antarctica and the Subantarctic. At the same time, the general tendency of the increase in the species diversity and the number of fungi in the areas of polar stations in comparison with the control (clean) sites for all studied territories was noted. The obtained data indicate that a significant part of micromycetes enters into Antarctic together with the man (anthropogenic invasion).
|
